From the New York State Education Department. The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING CHEMISTRY. Internet. Available from https://www.nysedregents.org/Chemistry/822/chem82022-exam.pdf; accessed 13, June, 2023.
Standard tagging pending.
From the New York State Education Department. The University of the State of New York REGENTS HIGH SCHOOL EXAMINATION PHYSICAL SETTING CHEMISTRY. Internet. Available from https://www.nysedregents.org/Chemistry/822/chem82022-exam.pdf; accessed 13, June, 2023.
Standard tagging pending.
What is the number of protons in an atom with the electron configuration of 2-5?
In the wave-mechanical model of an atom, an orbital is defined as
In the ground state, which shell of a potassium atom has an electron with the greatest amount of energy?
Which phrase describes two atoms that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons?
All atoms of an element have the same
Which Group 15 element is classified as a metal?
Hydrogen sulfide, H2S, is classified as a
A structural formula differs from a molecular formula in that a structural formula shows the
Which type of reaction occurs when a compound is separated into its elements?
Which terms represent two categories of compounds?
When an atom of hydrogen and an atom of chlorine combine to form a molecule of hydrogen chloride, a bond is
All atoms of the element vanadium must have the same
Which sample of matter can be separated into two different substances by physical means?
Two liquids can be separated by distillation due to a difference in
Which unit can be used to express the concentration of a
Compared to the freezing point and boiling point of water at 1.0 atm, a 0.5 M aqueous solution of NaCl at 1.0 atm has
Which form of energy is converted to thermal energy when propane burns in air?
According to the kinetic molecular theory, which statement explains why an ideal gas can be compressed to a smaller volume?
Under which conditions of temperature and pressure does a sample of propane behave least like an ideal gas?
Compared to a 1.0-L sample of
A chemical reaction occurs when
What is the purpose of adding a catalyst to a chemical reaction?
Systems in nature tend to undergo changes toward
Which reaction occurs at the anode in an electrochemical cell?
As more
Which substance always forms when an Arrhenius acid reacts with an Arrhenius base?
Which symbol represents a nuclear emission with the greatest mass and the greatest ionizing power?
One potential benefit of nuclear fusion reactions is
Determining the age of a wooden beam from a sunken ship is an example of a beneficial use of
Given the bright-line spectra of four elements and the spectrum of a mixture formed from two of these elements:
Which two elements are present in this mixture?
What is the approximate mass of an atom that has 10 electrons, 10 protons, and 9 neutrons?
Which electron configuration represents the electrons of an atom in an excited state?
Given information about the naturally occurring isotopes of bromine:
Which numerical setup can be used to determine the atomic mass of bromine?
What is a chemical name of the compound
Given the equation representing a reaction:
What is the mass of
An atom of which element bonds with an atom of hydrogen to form the most polar bond?
Given the diagram representing a classification of matter:
Which types of matter are represented by X and Z in the diagram?
Based on Table G, which sample, when added to 100. grams of water and thoroughly stirred, produces a heterogeneous mixture at 20.°C?
How many milliliters of
Which two particle diagrams represent two different phases of the same compound, only?
A sample of
Which statement describes ice and liquid water in a stoppered flask at 0°C at equilibrium?
Given the equation representing a system at equilibrium in a sealed, rigid container:
When heat is added to the system, the concentration of
Given the potential energy diagram for a reaction:
Which numbered interval represents the activation energy of the reaction?
Given the formula representing a compound:
What is a chemical name for the compound?
Which formula represents a saturated organic compound?
The compounds
The diagram and ionic equation below represent an operating voltaic cell.
Which phrase describes the direction of electron flow in this cell?
Given the equation representing a reaction at equilibrium:
According to one acid-base theory, which pair are the
Identify a metal from Table
Base your answers to questions 52 through 54 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine are located in Group 17 and are called halogens.
State, in terms of electrons, why these halogens have similar chemical properties.
Compare the radius of a chlorine atom to the radius of a
In the Show Your Work space, draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for an atom of fluorine in the ground state.
Base your answers to questions 55 through 57 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
A sample of helium gas in a sealed, rigid container is at 240. K and 120. kPa. The temperature is increased to 360. K.
State the number of significant figures to which the given pressure is expressed.
Show a numerical setup for converting 120. kPa to atmospheres.
Base your answers to questions 60 through 62 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
A 100.-mL sample of liquid water is heated in a fl ask to boiling at 1 atm. As the water boils, some liquid water changes phase to water vapor. The equation below represents this change.
Describe the change in potential energy of the water molecules that vaporize during boiling.
Compare the entropy of the
Base your answers to questions 63 through 65 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Tritium, hydrogen-3, is a radioisotope.
Based on Table
The Show Your Work space is available to you as an option.
Base your answers to questions 66 through 69 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Phosphorus combines with oxygen to form an oxide that reacts with water to produce phosphoric acid, which is an important industrial compound used to produce fertilizers. An unbalanced equation for the production of phosphoric acid is shown below.
Balance the equation in the Show Your Work space for the production of phosphoric acid, using the smallest whole-number coefficients.
Write the empirical formula of the solid reactant in the equation.
Show a numerical setup for calculating the percent composition by mass of phosphorus in
Base your answers to questions 70 through 73 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Calcium oxide,
State the solubility of limestone in water.
State evidence from the equation that the reaction to form lime is endothermic.
Identify the noble gas that has atoms in the ground state with the same electron configuration as the calcium ion, in the ground state, in the
State the type of chemical bonding in a sample of
Base your answers to questions 74 and 75 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
During a laboratory activity, a student places 20.0 mL of
Compare the number of moles of
Base your answers to questions 76 and 77 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
A scientific sampling instrument landed on a comet. Four of the organic compounds detected on the comet are methyl isocyanate, propanone, propanal, and ethanamide. The structural formula for methyl isocyanate is shown below:
Identify the element in these four compounds that makes them organic compounds.
Base your answers to questions 78 through 81 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
During a laboratory activity appropriate safety equipment is used and safety procedures are followed. A student tests samples of four different metals using 0.20 M aqueous metal ion solutions of the same four metals. The student uses a 24-well plate as the reaction container for the different metal and solution combinations.
Before placing a metal strip in each solution, the student cleans the surface of the metal strip with sandpaper. The 24-well plate diagram below shows the setup and results of the investigation. In each vertical column, the metal strips are all the same metal. For each horizontal row, all of the solutions contain the same type of metal ion.
Using the results of the student’s investigation, state evidence that zinc metal is more active than copper metal.
Compare the number of electrons lost by the Mg(s) placed in the
In the Show Your Work space, write a balanced, half-reaction equation for the reduction of the copper ions.
State why the student was instructed to clean the surface of the metal strips with sandpaper before placing each strip into an aqueous metal ion solution.
Base your answers to questions 82 and 83 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
Tetrachloromethane, CCl4, was used as a dry cleaning solvent until it was banned for this use in the U.S. in 1970 due to its toxicity. This solvent was replaced in many dry cleaning processes by tetrachloroethene, C2Cl4. Another currently available alternative dry cleaning solvent is 1-bromopropane. The table below shows the boiling points of these solvents.
Explain, in terms of intermolecular forces, why tetrachloroethene has a higher boiling point than tetrachloromethane.
In the Show Your Work space, draw a structural formula for 1-bromopropane.
Base your answers to questions 84 and 85 on the information below and on your knowledge of chemistry.
When a neutron is absorbed by a uranium-235 nucleus, the nucleus can split. One possible nuclear reaction is represented by the balanced equation below.
In this reaction, the products have a mass that is 0.180 u less than the mass of the reactants.
Compare the energy released per gram of reactant during this reaction to the energy released per gram of reactant in a chemical reaction.