A function works like a machine. Numbers are put into the machine one at a time, and then the rule performs the operation(s) on each input to determine each output. For example, when x = 3 is put into a machine with the rule y = 5x −7 , the rule multiplies the input, 3, by 5 and then subtracts 7 to get the output, which is 8. This input and output can be written as an ordered pair: (3, 8). Then it can be placed on an xy‑coordinate graph.