Chapter 8 Test - Craig Fisher | Library

MULTIPLE CHOICE
-Choose the correct answer by clicking on your answer choice. Only one answer is correct. (2 pts. each)

2

Most earthquakes happen at the edges of

2

Which of the following is NOT a type of plate motion?

2

A break in the Earth's crust along which blocks of crust slide relative to one another is

2

Another word for an earthquake's strength is its

2

How much more ground motion does an earthquake with a magnitude of 6.0 have than one with a magnitude of 4.0?

2

What is the best thing to do if you are inside when an earthquake begins?

2

When should you return to your home after an earthquake?

2

Seismic waves that shear rock from side to side are called

2

What kind of deformation leads to earthquakes?

2

Which of the following is NOT a fault that leads to an earthquake?

2

The waves of energy from earthquakes that travel through the Earth are called

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The epicenter of an earthquake is the point on the Earth's surface

2

What scale is used to measure the strength of an earthquake?

2

The intensity of an earthquake is partially determined by

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One way to forecast earthquakes for a place is to observe their past

2

Which of the following is NOT a kind of technology used to construct earthquake-resistant buildings?

2

If you are in a car on the open road when an earthquake occurs, you should

2

What causes the ground to move during an earthquake?

2

Primary seismic waves

2

During an earthquake, people inside of buildings should

2

Which scale is used to measure the intensity of an earthquake?

2

What is the measurement of how likely an area is to have damaging earthquakes called?

2

Which theory states that active faults with few earthquakes in the past will have strong ones in the future?

2

What should you do if you are indoors when an earthquake strikes?

2

What is NOT a good thing to do if you are outdoors when an earthquake starts?

COMPLETION
-Complete the following questions by selecting the correct answer from the word bank. Misspelled words will be marked as incorrect. Some answers may be used more than once, others may not be used at all. (2 pts. each)

Word Bank

seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves  
                  deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                
seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator            
               surface waves                        body waves

2

When stress increases along faults, rock ____________________ occurs, which in turn can lead to earthquakes.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

Transform motion creates ________________ faults.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The type of body wave that can move through any substance is a(n) ______________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The magnitude of an earthquake means its _________________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                             seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The gap hypothesis says that earthquakes are more likely to occur along _____________________ than in any other areas.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The instrument used to record earthquakes is a(n) ___________________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The point at which an earthquake begins, called the _____________________, is located along a fault.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                                seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

Sections along an active fault may have __________________ where there is little earthquake activity.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

Body waves are __________________ that travel through the Earth.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

Rock that deforms like a stretched rubber band is an example of ________________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

A device that acts like a shock absorber in an earthquake resistant building is a(n) _____________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

A weight in the roof of a building that can shift to counteract the movement of the building is called a(n) _____________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The waves that often travel ahead of other waves are called ___________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

P waves and S waves are types of ____________________.

Word Bank
seismograph               epicenter                      seismogram                     P waves                    S waves                  L waves
deformation               strike-slip               strength                 elastic rebound                 seismic waves                 seismic gaps                    focus                      elastic deformation        mass damper             base isolator                            surface waves                        body waves

2

The most destructive seismic waves are __________________________.

MATCHING
-Complete the following matching questions by clicking on the correct answer. Only one answer is correct. (2 pts. each)

2

Hypothesis based on the idea that a major earthquake is more likely to occur along the part of an active fault where no earthquakes have occured for a certain period of time.

2

The process of making older structures more earthquake resistant.

2

Something that helps keep water and gas lines from breaking during an earthquake.

2

A weight placed in the roof of a building to counteract building movement.

2

Waves also known as secondary or shear.

2

The beginning point of an earthquake.

2

The change in the shape of rock in response to stress.

2

The snapping back of deformed rock to its previous shape.

2

A tracing of earthquake motion that is created by a seigmograph.

2

A recorder of seismic waves.

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