We know about the pharaohs of ancient Egypt because of the written records that were left. These records were kept in hieroglyphics, a system of writing that was based on pictures. Unlike Sumerian cuneiform writing, hieroglyphics represented ideas or objects, but could also stand for sounds. They could be carved into clay or stone, but could also be written on to papyrus, the first paper, which was developed by the Egyptians and made it easier to keep records.