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Last updated over 6 years ago
26 questions
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Question 6
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Question 7
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Question 8
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Question 9
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Question 10
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Question 11
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Question 18
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Question 19
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Question 20
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Question 21
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Question 22
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Question 23
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Question 24
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Question 25
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Question 26
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Question 1
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Question 2
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Question 3
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Question 4
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Question 5
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Select the paragraph from the section "Known And Unknown Dangers" that explains some of the potential risks astronauts face.
Putting your body in space has many dangers. It exposes you to harmful ultraviolet rays and radiation. It means limited food and exercise, lower gravity, disrupted sleep cycles and an unknown number of other potential dangers. Scientists have spent decades studying the effects of space travel on astronauts, but most of these men and women have traveled on missions that max out at six months. In order to travel somewhere, like say, Mars, missions need to be much longer. Scientists say it's critical to understand the effects these super-extended missions have on the human body.
Andrew Feinberg is a professor of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering and Mental Health at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland. "This is the dawn of human genomics in space," he said in a statement. "We should be doing more research to draw conclusions about what happens to humans in space."
When scientists talk about epigenetic changes, they're referring to chemical DNA changes. These tiny alterations may have a major effect on a person's health. Epigenetic changes simply change how genes are expressed. They do not change a person's genetic code itself. Potential problems pop up when epigenetic changes happen at the wrong time or place. In turn, they cause certain genes to turn on or off at the inappropriate time and place. Epigenetic changes happen in natural processes like aging. They also happen when one has a disease like cancer.
A major advantage of this new research is the fact that it studies twins who naturally have the same genetic material. The study subjects offer a rare and unique glimpse into the potential for long-term genetic changes in space. However, the researchers are quick to admit the study was too small, and more testing is essential. "Since we only have two people in our study, we can't say that these changes are due to space travel itself," Feinberg said. "We need more studies of astronauts to draw such conclusions."
Read the paragraph from the section "Rocket Transported Blood Samples To Earth."

Generally speaking, there were just about as many epigenetic changes in Scott as there were in his twin. The biggest difference was observed nine months into Scott's space mission. There were changes near genes that handle immune system response. The immune system protects the body from diseases. The researchers believe these changes were because Scott had signs of inflammation. This is a normal response when the body is hurt or sick and needs to heal.

What conclusion is BEST supported by the paragraph above?
The twin study showed that astonauts face many dangers the longer they are in space.
The twin study did find some epigenetic changes, but did not attribute them to space travel.
The twin study showed that Scott was much healthier than his brother, Mark.
The twin study will need to be replicated in order to see if Scott became sick in space.
Which two of the following sentences from the article include central ideas of the article?

1. The study reveals that after a year in space, astronaut Scott Kelly experienced no major, long-term differences to his epigenome compared to that of his twin brother, Mark Kelly, who stayed firmly planted on Earth.
2. However, it appears additional research on the genomes of astronauts in space could help predict what kinds of unique health issues they may be at risk for.
3. Genes are made up of DNA, which contains the instructions for how each part of the body works and is passed on from parents to children.
4. If you're wondering how in the world Scott's samples reached the scientists from space, they were transported via a rocket
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 4
3 and 4
What is the author's purpose of passage #2?
to describe how twins were used for long term space travel research
to convince the readers that space travel is important
to inform the reader of the effects of long term space travel
to explain how the Kelly brothers were picked to take part in space research

How does the author support the purpose identified in #9?
by listing the benefits of space travel for astronauts and future civilians
by detailing each step of how researchers found the Kelly brothers and their application process
by defining epigenomes and how twins sharing DNA allows comparison experiments
by explaining pros and cons to space travel
Use both passages to answer the following question:

What conclusion can the reader draw using information from both passages?
Space travel has proven to be dangerous to your health.
The effects of space travel lasting more than a year are unknown
Being a twin is beneficial to the space program
Space flight permanently alters the human body.
Question 12
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Question 13
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Question 14
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Question 15
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Question 16
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Question 17
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Which sentence from the excerpt shows the main conflict in "The Wounded Wolf" has been resolved?
The grizzly hears the eager fox and rises to his flat hind feet.
For days Kiglo brings young Roko food.
This gesture says "I am your leader."
"Roko here," he barks out strongly.
Which sentence from the excerpt MOST CLEARLY show's the author's use of imagery?
Gravely injured, Roko pulls himself toward the shelter rock.
A frigid blast picks up long shawls of snow and drapes them between young Roko and his pack.
The wounded wolf wedges down between the rock and barren ground.
They know it is Roko, who has not answered roll call.
To which sense does the imagery MOST CLEARLY appeal from question 19?
touch and hearing
sight and hearing
hearing and smell
touch and sight
Review the details in paragraph 1. When can you conclude "The Wounded Wolf" takes place?
in the middle of spring
in late spring
at the beginning of winter
in late winter
Review the details in paragraph 2. What can you infer about the ways in which wolves communicate?
One way wolves communicate is through body language.
Wolves can communicate with one another only through sound.
Wolves communicate most effectively when the weather is bad.
Wolves do not communicate with one another.
In which paragraph does the tone of the excerpt change?
paragraph 4
paragraph 8
paragraph 10
paragraph15
How does the tone of the paragraph chosen in # 23 differ from the tone of the other paragraphs?
The tone is more negative.
The tone is more positive.
The tone is more serious.
The tone is more suspenseful.
What theme do the details in paragraphs 11 and 12 MOST CLEARLY suggest?
Musk-oxen and grizzly bears are natural enemies.
Wolves care for members of their pack.
Time passes slowly in the wilderness.
Food is scarce in the winter.
Which details from paragraphs 11 and 12 BEST convey the theme?
details that describe noises Roko hears as the musk-oxen gather in a circle
details that describe the frigid weather conditions
details that describe the animals on the deathwatch scattering
details that describe Kiglo's coming to help Roko
The sentence below from the section "2. So Does Your Heart" helps prove the claim that changes in gravity dramatically affect the cardiovascular system over time.

Without gravity, however, the heart and blood vessels change – and the longer the flight, the more severe the changes.

Which sentence from the article provides further support for the claim?
On Earth, for example, the veins in our legs work against gravity to get blood back to the heart
In fact, it has been found that the heart rate of individuals standing upright on the ISS is similar to their rate while lying down on Earth.
This is a measure of aerobic fitness, or the maximum amount of oxygen that the body can use during exercise
After 9 to 14 days of spaceflight, for example, research shows that aerobic capacity is reduced by 20 to 25 percent.
Read the section "3. Fitness Suffers."
What does this section explain that other sections do NOT?
solutions to reduce the impact of space
problems with reduced blood flow
effects of changes in oxygen
causes of changes to muscles
Read the list of sentences from the article.

1. Like inactivity, space flight leads to the loss of both strength and skeletal muscle mass, in a process known as atrophy.

2. During long spaceflights on the ISS, research found that 37 crew members experienced a decrease in average strength of between 8 and 17 percent.

3. They make the new material they need or get rid of any material that isn't needed.

4. During spaceflight, however, the balance of these two processes changes, which leads to reduced bone mineral.

Which two sentences taken together provide the BEST explanation for WHY the body loses muscle and bone mass while in space?
1 and 3
1 and 4
2 and 3
2 and 4
What is the MAIN reason the author includes the section
"5. Your Immune System Suffers"?
to indicate a problem that can affect astronauts at home on Earth from their time in space
to illustrate how internal and external stresses the body experiences affect astronauts' overall health
to elaborate on the potential effects of bacteria from the Earth on other worlds out in space
to emphasize the contrast between astronauts' cycles of sleep and wakefulness in space
Which statement would be MOST important to include in a summary of the article?
The International Space Station plans to process and store samples onboard.
Cancer is a type of epigenetic change that occurs at an inappropriate time.
No clear conclusions could be drawn from the twin study since it only studied two people.
Hollywood movies often portray space travel as safe for the astronauts involved.
After reading the 3rd passage, which answer choice BEST defines exposition in a plot?
The exposition is the part of the story in which a conflict is introduced and tension increases.
The exposition is the final outcome of the story.
The exposition is the part of the story in which the setting, characters, and basic situation are introduced.
The exposition is the high point of the story, in which the story's outcome becomes clear.
Which paragraphs in the excerpt make up the exposition?
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 3
2 and 4
What do you learn about Roko's character from paragraphs 6, 7, and 8?
Roko is careless.
Roko is powerful.
Roko is determined.
Roko is cowardly.
Which sentence from paragraph 4 contains an example of direct characterization?
Roko sees the shelter rock.
The ravens move in closer.
The white fox boldly walks beside him.
"Hahahah," he yaps.
Which of the following paragraphs contains details that show a type of conflict Roko faces?
paragraph 5
paragraph 6
paragraph 9
paragraph 14
In the paragraph you identified in part A, what type of conflict does Roko face?
He faces an external conflict with his wolf pack.
He faces an internal conflict about which action he should take.
He faces an external conflict with other animals.
He faces an internal conflict to overcome his anger.