Read the following texts and answer the questions:
Depending on their situation and how they acquired each language, bilinguals can be classified into three general types of brains: compound bilingual, coordinate bilingual, and subordinate bilingual. Those who are compound bilingual developed two linguistic codes simultaneously with a single set of concepts (e.g., learning English and Spanish has you begin to process the world). In coordinate bilingual, the person works with two sets of concepts (e.g., learning English in school while continuing to speak their native tongue at home and with their friends). Lastly, there are subordinate bilinguals who learn a secondary language by filtering it through their primary language.
By the 1990s, thousands of Hispanic children in California heard little or no English during the school day — and many of their parents began to question whether this was a good idea. In 1996, a group of them in the garment district of Los Angeles boycotted school for two weeks. “I want my children to learn English so they won’t have the problems which I’ve had,” said Lenin Lopez, one of their spokesmen.
The coverage of their protest caught the attention of Ron K. Unz, a software entrepreneur in Silicon Valley. He came up with a political response: a ballot initiative to require schools to teach children in English. Known as Proposition 227, it faced fierce opposition from teachers’ unions and their allies, who outspent its backers by a five-to-one margin. Yet its message was simple — “English for the children” — and it won support from the likes of Jaime Escalante, the East Los Angeles calculus teacher who was at the time possibly the most famous instructor in America, his story having been immortalized in the film Stand and Deliver. Prop 227 coasted to victory in 1998, carrying 61 percent of the vote.
