D 1/2 Ecology Test

2

Honesty - Integrity Pledge
Cheating is insidious - it convinces us that "it isn't a big deal this one time", or "everyone else is doing it", or "this isn't an important thing I am cheating on", until it is EVERY time and you ARE the only one cheating and it IS on the important things. To paraphrase the esteemed Vanderbilt Professor Madison Sarratt - "Today I will be giving you two tests, one is in Science and the other is a much more real test: one of your integrity. I sincerely hope you will pass both, but if you must fail one test, then I hope it will be the Science test, for there are many good people in the world who couldn’t pass a test in Science, but there are no good people in the world who couldn’t pass a test of their integrity.” – Mrs. Maser

I plan on cheating and/or helping others cheat.

I usually lie about reading the statement at the top of the page.

I read the statement at the top of the page once, but don't anymore.

I have read, and understand the statement at the top of the page.

I have NOT read, and/or DO NOT understand the statement at the top of the page.

I will NOT cheat or facilitate/help others to cheat.

13

Determine if the following are abiotic or biotic.

Monkey
Sun
Water (Pond)
Rain
Rock
Frog
Butterfly
Flower
Cloud
Mushroom
Cheetah
Sloth
Soil/Dirt

Abiotic
Biotic

1

What is ecology?

is the study of the Earth's origin, structure, composition and history, and the nature of the processes which have given rise to the Earth as we know it today

is the study of living things which use photosynthesis to make food

a branch of science concerned with the relationships between living things and their environment

is the study of animal life.

5

Put the parts of a system in order from SMALLEST to LARGEST.

ecosystem
biome
biosphere
population
community

6

Match each ecology term with the correct description.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
biome/ecosystem		the way of life of a species, or its role in an ecological community
community		includes all the living and nonliving features of an environment
biosphere		all populations in an ecosystem
habitat		all organisms of a certain kind within a defined region
population		every place on Earth tha can support life
niche		the natural home of an animal, plant or other organism

1

Which if the following is a difference between a food chain and a food web?

Food chains involve plants and animals, but food webs involve only animals.

Food chains involve only plants, while food webs involve both plants and animals.

Food chains include decomposers, but food webs do not.

Food chains are linear and food webs are complex.

1

This is a picture of a

food web

food chain

1

This is a picture of a

food chain

food web

1

This food chain shows organisms in an ocean ecosystem.

If the population of leather stars decreases, the population of morning stars will likely decrease, and the population of giant green anemones will likely increase.

If the population of leather stars decreases, the population of morning stars will likely increase, and the population of giant green anemones will likely decrease.

1

The ___ is both a predator and prey in this food chain. It is a predator because it hunts and eats the _. It is prey because it is hunted and eaten by the ___.

brown trout - midge larva - great cormorant

midge larva - macroalgae - brown trout

1

If the population of red-legged grasshoppers decreases, eastern bluebirds will have fewer prey. If this happens, eastern bluebirds will be less likely to survive and produce offspring.

If the population of red-legged grasshoppers decreases, eastern bluebirds will have more prey. If this happens, eastern bluebirds will be more likely to survive and produce offspring.

2

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are producers in this food web?

2

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are primary consumers?

2

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are secondary consumers in this food web?

1

The Pantanal wetlands expand across western Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay. During the rainy season, almost all of the Pantanal is underwater. The water moves slowly through the dense plants that grow throughout the wetlands.
The Pantanal is home to the capybara, the largest rodent species in the world. Capybaras spend so much time in the water that they are considered semiaquatic. Their partially webbed toes help them to swim. Capybaras eat water plants such as the water hyacinth.
In the Pantanal wetlands, the capybaras make up which of the following? Select all that apply.

a population

part of a community

part of an ecosystem

7

Match the following terms and descriptions.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Herbivore		are able to use light energy from the sun to make their own food
Decomposer		animals that eat only plants
Producer		organisms that are unable to make their own food
Consumer		animals that eat other animals
Scavenger		animals and people who eat both animals and plants
Omnivore		feed on decaying matter
Carnivore		animals that consume dead organisms

1

An energy pyramid shows the flow of energy from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem. What percent does the energy decrease by at each level?

4

Match the type of interaction with the correct example.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Competition		Fleas on a dog.
Mutualism		Egret birds eat insects that cows and horses disturb.
Parasitism		Bees pollinate flowers.
Commensalism		Hyenas and lions both try to eat the same prey.

4

Match the term with the description of the type of interaction.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Exploitative Competition		different species competing for the same resource
Interference Competition		same species competing for the same resource
Interspecific Competition		one species directly and aggressively interferes with the ability of another to survive by physically excluding the other
Intraspecific Competition		a subtle form of competition in which organisms interact indirectly by consuming the same scarce resource

4

Match the term for the factors affecting population growth with the correct description.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
density-dependent factor		any factor or condition that limits the growth of a population
density-independent factor		when a population reaches a state where it can no longer grow
carrying capacity		environmental factors such as disease and competition, etc.
limiting factor		environmental factors such as storms, fires, extreme temp, etc.

1

What is the carrying capacity of the wolf population?

1

Match the graph with the correct type of growth.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
		exponential
		logistic

5

Match the terms for types of species with the correct description.

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
Keystone Species		Muscovy ducks were brought to Southwest Florida from South America. They have developed widespread populations because they lack natural predators and out compete for resources.
Native Species		African cichlid fish in the south Florida canals that were accidentally released from aquaria, squirrel monkeys that were released or escaped from tourist attractions in central Florida, and red-eared sliders, which are the popular "baby turtles" sold in the pet trade. They are now found throughout most the state and do not disrupt the native species.
Invasive Species		Leatherback turtles have originated in Florida naturally and without any human involvement.
Non-Native Species		Moss and lichen are common examples of this species because they have tiny root like structures that can take hold on exposed rock.
Pioneer Species		Prairie dogs contribute to the soil and water quality in their plains ecosystem. Their foraging retains water in the soil and forces fresh new grasses to continually grow. Young grasses have more nutrients for species such as bison and elk.

6

Match the pictures and descriptions with the correct type of succession.

occurs when no soil is present
occurs when soil is present
volcanic eruption will cause this type of succession
floods, tornados, forest fires will cause this type of succession

Primary
Secondary

10

Strangler figs are part of many symbiotic relationships in a rain-forest ecosystem. In some cases, the symbiotic relationship benefits both the fig and an animal. Fig wasps lay their eggs in the fruit of the strangler fig and, in turn, pollinate it. Many birds feed on the fruit of the strangler fig and, in doing so, spread the seeds of the plant. The fig does not benefit from its interactions with all species. For example, certain butterflies feed on juice from the fruit without affecting the tree in any way.
The symbiotic relationship that gives the strangler fig its name is that between the strangler fig and its host tree. Birds drop seeds onto the top of a tree, and vines of the fig grow downward. Eventually, the vines of the strangler fig touch the ground and join with the roots of the host tree. The host tree is harmed because the leaves of the strangler fig block sunlight and its vines take root, using up nutrients the host tree needs.
Write a paragraph describing some of the different roles played by a strangler fig in the rain forest. Use the vocabulary words - habitat, niche, populations, community and ecosystem.

D 1/2 Ecology Test

Determine if the following are abiotic or biotic.

What is ecology?

Put the parts of a system in order from SMALLEST to LARGEST.

Match each ecology term with the correct description.

Which if the following is a difference between a food chain and a food web?

This is a picture of a

This is a picture of a

This food chain shows organisms in an ocean ecosystem.

The _____ is both a predator and prey in this food chain. It is a predator because it hunts and eats the _____. It is prey because it is hunted and eaten by the _____.

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are producers in this food web?

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are primary consumers?

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are secondary consumers in this food web?

Match the following terms and descriptions.

An energy pyramid shows the flow of energy from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem. What percent does the energy decrease by at each level?

Match the type of interaction with the correct example.

Match the term with the description of the type of interaction.

Match the term for the factors affecting population growth with the correct description.

What is the carrying capacity of the wolf population?

Match the graph with the correct type of growth.

Match the terms for types of species with the correct description.

Match the pictures and descriptions with the correct type of succession.

Determine if the following are abiotic or biotic.

What is ecology?

Put the parts of a system in order from SMALLEST to LARGEST.

Match each ecology term with the correct description.

Which if the following is a difference between a food chain and a food web?

This is a picture of a

This is a picture of a

This food chain shows organisms in an ocean ecosystem.

The _____ is both a predator and prey in this food chain. It is a predator because it hunts and eats the _____. It is prey because it is hunted and eaten by the _____.

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are producers in this food web?

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are primary consumers?

This is a food web from Shenandoah National Park, a forest ecosystem in Virginia. Which two of the following organisms are secondary consumers in this food web?

Match the following terms and descriptions.

An energy pyramid shows the flow of energy from one trophic level to the next in an ecosystem. What percent does the energy decrease by at each level?

Match the type of interaction with the correct example.

Match the term with the description of the type of interaction.

Match the term for the factors affecting population growth with the correct description.

What is the carrying capacity of the wolf population?

Match the graph with the correct type of growth.

Match the terms for types of species with the correct description.

Match the pictures and descriptions with the correct type of succession.

The ___ is both a predator and prey in this food chain. It is a predator because it hunts and eats the _. It is prey because it is hunted and eaten by the ___.

The ___ is both a predator and prey in this food chain. It is a predator because it hunts and eats the _. It is prey because it is hunted and eaten by the ___.