Unit 4 Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Test

By Amy Gilstrap

Last updated over 3 years ago

During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, what was one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers?

They received support from the Catholic Church

They challenged the authority of conservative institutions such as the Catholic Church

They relied heavily on the ideas of medieval thinkers

They favored an absolute monarchy as a way of improving economic conditions

MWH.2.CX

What did the majority of Enlightenment philosophers in Europe support in their writings that later encouraged political revolutions?

Socialism

imperialism

The natural rights of man

the divine right of monarchies

MWH.2.CX

MWH.2.P

What belief did the majority of Enlightenment thinkers hold that contributed to changes in relationships between citizens and governments?

Most changes in government are dangerous. 

Absolute monarchy is the most effective form of government 

Governments are instituted to protect citizen's rights

Popular liberties should be limited by the need for social order

MWH.2.CX

Enlightenment philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau challenged the idea of the divine right of kings. They wrote about a government's obligations to uphold people’s rights and how the government should be based on the consent of the governed. What did these new ideas encourage people to do?

Remain firm in their support of absolute monarchs

 Look for leaders who would exercise dictatorial powers

Engage in revolutions to establish democratic governments

Call for church leaders to create theocracies and replace the monarchies

MWH.2.CO

Why was Galileo charged with heresy, tried in an inquisition, and placed on house arrest for the rest of his life? 

He rebelled against Protestant leaders

He supported the Geocentric theory and opposed the monarchy

He supported the Heliocentric theory and angered the Catholic Church

He encouraged humanist thought among young people

MWH.2.CX

What was the major impact of the Enlightenment?

It was an intellectual movement that encouraged the application of reason and thought to restructure society and change governmental institutions

It changed scientific thinking and marked the emergence of modern science

It fostered a religious revival that encouraged a personal relationship with God

It revealed that the Earth was the center of the solar system changing scientific thought

MWH.2.CX

Which Enlightened philosopher had a profound impact on the idea of separation of powers?

Montesquieu

Hobbes

Voltaire

Machiavelli

MWH.2.CO