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Unit 4 Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment Make-up Test

Last updated over 4 years ago

20 questions

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Question 1

1.

During the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, what was one similarity in the work of many scientists and philosophers?

Question 2

2.

What did the majority of Enlightenment philosophers in Europe support in their writings that later encouraged political revolutions?

Question 3

3.

What belief did the majority of Enlightenment thinkers hold that contributed to changes in relationships between citizens and governments?

Question 4

4.

Enlightenment philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau challenged the idea of the divine right of kings. They wrote about a government's obligations to uphold people’s rights and how the government should be based on the consent of the governed. What did these new ideas encourage people to do?

Question 5

5.

Why was Galileo charged with heresy, tried in an inquisition, and placed on house arrest for the rest of his life?

Question 6

6.

What was the major impact of the Enlightenment?

Question 7

7.

Which Enlightened philosopher had a profound impact on the idea of separation of powers?

Question 8

8.

Which rulers made reforms based on Enlightenment values but were unwilling to give up much political power?

Question 9

9.

Bacon, Galileo Newton and others throughout the Scientific Revolution promoted the idea that knowledge should be based pn _________________________

Question 10

10.

Which Enlightenment philosopher argued for tolerance, freedom of speech and freedom of religion?

Question 11

11.

Fredrick II supported what type of freedom?

Question 12

12.

What method was used by absolute monarchs to control their nobles?

Question 13

13.

How were Thomas Hobbes and Catherine the Great similar?

Question 14

14.

This political thinker felt that people are reasonable beings. He supported self-government and argued that the purpose of government is to protect the natural rights of people. If government fails to protect these natural rights, he said, citizens have the right to overthrow it.

Question 15

15.

This political thinker felt that people are reasonable beings. This political thinker believed that all humans are naturally selfish and wicked. He argued, therefore, that strong governments are necessary to control human behavior. To avoid chaos, he said, people enter into a social contract. They give up their rights in exchange for law and order.

Question 16

16.

____________________________ signed the English Bill of Rights during the Glorious Revolution.

Question 17

17.

New scientific findings contradicted the Church's teachings. To discourage challenges and maintain control the church held _______ and excommunicated heretics.

Question 18

18.

_________ is the idea that government does not gain power from itself, bu through a set of written laws that give the established government specific powers.

Question 19

19.

________ is a type of political system where all of the power of a governing party is based on a set of religious beliefs.

Question 20

20.

Which of the following was a result of the Scientific Revolution?