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Grade 11 Urbanization Problems

Last updated over 5 years ago
15 questions
6

Why are people attracted to the city?

1

Cities attract mainly old people.

1

Urban sprawl occurs where there are no laws to control what and where people can build.

1

Construction of 'park and ride' facilities on the fringe of the CBD can help traffic congestion.

1

Overcrowding is not a problem for most urban areas.

1

Urbanization is the result of population migration from rural to urban areas.

Watch video until 7 minutes 35 secs

10

(a) Discuss the problems created in SA cities by the previous governments policy of "apartheid development".
(b) What can be done to solve these problems.

5

Many functions in the city have moved to the rural-urban fringe. Briefly explain the cause of this movement.

What are the problems relevent to cities throughout the world

· Urban decay – oldest part of city – inner city/transition zone, old industrial areas and derelict dock areas
· Inadequate Road Systems and consequent traffic problems – traffic congestion in Cap Town
· Poor provision of public services – adequate supplies of drinkable water, effective waste disposal
· Uncontrolled expansion into unsuitable sites
· Effects of natural disasters – floods/earthquakes/drought/mudslides

Economic Problems

· Decline in inner city/ transition zone industries and consequent unemployment – move to the edge of city
· Decline in traditional manufacturing industries – new technologies and mechanization taking over
· Suburbanization of industries leads to conflict for land on edge (rural urban periphery) of cities – farm land/conservation land/recreational land vs industry
· Industrial growth and pollution – water pollution/air pollution – huge cost

Planning and Governmental Problems

· Administrative fragmentation – lack of decision making as too many and disjointed interest parties
· Tension between planners and entrepreneurs ( would like uncontrolled development)
· Social justice problems – decisions made on existing power and wealth with no regard for all communities
· Conflicting interest groups – genuine disagreements between parties – new development areas for high income ‘yuppies’ or low income workers
· Lack of service delivery - Inability of municipalities to provide basic services such as sanitation (clean drinking water, sewage/refuse disposal) and electricity.

Social problems

· In-equality - huge divide between rich and poor can lead to unrest
· Contrast between suburban growth (urban sprawl) and inner city decay
· Urbanization and problems relating to multi-cultural populations – ghetto formation
· Urbanization and housing shortages resulting in squatter settlements
Population Shifts
· Immigrants form ghettos in inner city/transition zones
· Urbanization and Informal settlements/Shanty Towns

Developing world’s city problems different in scale and intensity because

· Urbanization occurring rapidly and on vast/massive scale
· Don’t have wealth or skilled labour to tackle problems efficiently or swiftly
· Lack of advanced technology and modern economic infrastructure to respond to crisis – famine/drought/flooding
· Lack of wealth and international power means LEDCs react according to the will of the investor and creditor nations and multi-national corporations
8

What are the advantages of a sustainable city?

4

Name 4 characteristics of new towns such as Bridge city and Cosmo City.

2

How will Bridge City impact on the socio-economic needs of people living within the surroundings?

3

How did urban planners handle the environment in developing Bridge City and Cosmo City?

1

How does an organization like Hamba Ekukhanyeni help people to become self supporting?

2

Would you say people living in Haniville stay in a middle-income area or informal settlement? Give a reason for your answer.

2

What are the advantages of having an organisation like Hamba Ekukhanyeni?