Astronomy week 4 - Gwyneth Lenfest | Library

ALWAYS READ ALL THE ANSWERS.

Compare two moons of Jupiter. Io has a mass of 8.93 x1022 kg, Europa has a mass of 4.8 x 1022 kg. The mass of Jupiter is 1.898 x1026 kg. The semi-major axis of Io's orbit is 421,800 km, and the semi-major axis of Europa's orbit is 671,100. 
Some things you might need - Newton's universal law of gravitation
G = 6.674×10−11 m3⋅kg−1⋅s−2

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Kepler's 3rd law states that where p is the orbital period, and r is the Semi-major axis (I got this backwards in class! again! ARGH!) of the orbit

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Assuming the semi-major axis is roughly the same as the distance between the center of masses of the moon and jupiter, calculate the force of gravity between Io and Jupiter.

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If Io's orbial period is 1.77 days, calulate Europa's orbital period. Use whichever of the answers from problem 1 you think will work.

Remember when adding vectors to put vectors tail to head, and draw a resulting vector from the tail of the first to the head of the second. Remember to look to see which direction your vectors are pointing.

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Kepler only had good data for planets and their orbits. Less great data on things like the moons of other planets. It seemed for a while the moon was considered to play by different rules. Newton figured out that the proportionality consant for Kepler's third law depended on the masses of the two bodies involved. the mass of the sun is 1.989 x 1030 , the mass of the earth is 5.98 × 1024 kg and the mass of Jupiter is 1.89 x1026 . What scientific precept allows you to say that

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Type your answer here

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Show in this diagram the forces on the earth from the Sun and Jupiter.

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what would the above scenario mean for the velocity of earth?

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The effect of losing ice on the atmosphere is a feedback loop. What is a feedback loop?

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A wire carrying a current induces a magnetic field in a circle around the wire.
If you take that wire and make is a coil, those circles around the wire start adding up.
This creates a magnetic field similar to that of a bar magnet. But unlike a bar magnet, you can turn this magnet on or off with the current.
This can also work the other way, using magnets near coils of rope to induce electricity in a wire. Can you name a common household appliance that works in either way?

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Of the following, which are the necessary features of the Earth to allow it to have a magnetic field?

Skim through the openstax textbook chapters 7 and 8. Take notes on 7.3 and 7.4

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What are some reasons that the age of a planets surface is not the same as the age of the planet itself?

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Give some reasons why the orbits of the planets in the simulation moved so greatly.

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The terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars) are composed differently than the Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune). Explain what is going on inside the cloud to make that happen.

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What is an accretion disk?

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We saw "the conservation of angular momentum" before. Keplers 2nd law is based on this understanding. This is something you are familiar with, even if you haven't seen all the physics explaining it. Think about a figure skater. She starts spinning with her arms and one leg outstretched. When she pulls her arms and leg in close to her body, what happens to the speed of her spinning? No additional force has been added to this system.

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Conservation of angular momentum explains why dust clouds, nebula, proto-solar systems continue to spin. What does it mean that collisions up and down cancel each other out, and that is why the clouds flatten?