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Unit 3 European Exploration Honors Test

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Last updated about 5 years ago
26 questions
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Document Based Questions: Read the following selection and answer the questions that follow.
“The different ways in which the Spanish, French, and English explored and colonized the Americas reflect their differing perceptions of the regions. Spanish explorers were enticed to search for legendary cities such as El Dorado, where the streets were said to be paved with gold, and the Seven Cities of Cibola, which allegedly held enormous treasures . . .
French explorers, however, looked at North America as a place where fortunes could be made from the fur trade. Settlements were temporary hunting communities, quite different from English farming colonies, where families have migrated to start a new life in a new land.”
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Question 25
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Which economic system would you impose on your colonies if you were the founder of your colony, mercantilism or capitalism? Explain why and be sure to give examples.

Question 26
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If you had to join a voyage of exploration, would you join under the Spainish going to Latin America or the Dutch going to the East Indies? Pick one and give 3 solid reasons why. Think of where they travelled, how they interacted with natives, what they traded and the economic system they used. 10pts

What were Europeans main motives for making voyages of exploration?
To test new technology
To acquire wealth, get personal glory, and to spread Christianity
To break the Portuguese monopoly on trade
To gain extra land for a growing population
What effect did the arrival of Europeans have on the native populations?
The new trading routes led to an economic boom for Native Americans
Europeans enslaved Native Americans, who became a long-term source of labor
European diseases had a devastating effect on the native population, killing 95% of them
Native Americans and Europeans peacefully integrated, creating combined societies
What was Prince Henry the Navigator’s primary goal in sponsoring naval expeditions?
Finding a westward route to the Americas
Finding a direct sea route around Africa to the Indian Ocean
Obtaining West African gold, ivory, and salt
Initiating African slave trade
What did the discovery of alternate trade routes to Asia affect the Ottoman Empire?
It weakened European powers
It had no impact on the Ottoman Empire
It made the Ottoman Empire more powerful
It decreased the power of the Ottoman Empire
How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
It persuaded Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all important
It fostered a belief in the importance of working as a group
It emphasized the importance of converting people to Buddhism
It awakened a spirt of discovery and innovation in Europe
Which statement best describes a result of the encounter between Europeans and native populations in Latin America?
Native societies experienced rapid population growth
Europeans nations lost power and prestige in the New World
Large numbers of natives migrated to Europe for a better life
Plantations in the New World used enslaved Africans to replace native population
Why did European traders send Africans to the Americas?
To work as slaves on plantations
To trade with Native Americans
To start new colonies
To spread Islam
Which of the following was a major result of the Age of Exploration
A long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of Western Europe
Extensive migration of people from the Western Hemisphere to Europe and Asia
The fall of European national monarchies and the end of the power of the Catholic church
The end of regional isolation and the beginning of a period of European global domination
Which of the following was the most important factor enabling the Spanish to defeat the Aztec Empire?
The Spanish were able to field larger armies than the Aztecs
The Spanish were able to exploit discontent within the Aztec state to trigger a revolt of the lower classes against the Aztec ruling class
The Spanish were able to form military alliances with other indigenous peoples who were enemies of the Aztecs
The Spanish were able to devise effective countermeasures to the horse cavalry that formed the bulk of the Aztec army
How did Chinese exploration in the Indian Ocean compare to that of the Europeans
The Chinese used fewer and smaller ships
The Chinese covered shorter distances
Chinese exploration was designed to establish a military presence
Chinese exploration gained strength after the mid-1430s
A comparison of maritime voyages of the Europeans in the late 15th and 16th centuries with the voyages of China’s Zheng He illustrates which of the following?
The larger and more technologically superior fleets that the Europeans could muster in the 15th century
Europeans had a greater capacity for overseas expansion than the Chinese did at the same time
There was more incentive and long-term support among Europeans for exploration and overseas trade
Importance of the support of the scholar-gentry for maritime voyages in China
According to the passage, how did Spanish goals in the Americas differ from the English?
The Spanish established farming colonies to have products to import.
The Spanish sought riches and treasures.
The Spanish migrated south looking for hunting grounds.
The Spanish established permanent settlements to control the maximum amount of geography.
What was the difference between French and English settlements?
French settlements were always surrounded by farm land.
French settlements consisted of large family groups.
French settlements were temporary.
French settlements supported explorers looking for treasures.
Match the country to the appropriate set of colonies
English
New Amsterdam, East Indies
Portugal
New York, Jamestown, India, Australia, 13 Colonies
Spain
Quebec, Montreal, Louisiana Territory
Dutch
Central and South America, Philippines
France
Brazil, Coastal African colonies
Which description most closely defines colonization?
The action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area.
The process of building a nation through mutual agreements between neighbors.
The amount of exports compared to the amount of imports a nation has
This is the exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service.
Mercantilism
Monopoly
commercial economy
Mercantilism involves all of the following:
—Government policy to collect gold and silver
government control of all of the profit
—Create a favorable balance of trade
—private individuals invest money and earn a profit
What was the result of Portuguese control of the Indian Ocean spice trade?
Muslims were not able to buy spices.
The price of spices went down for Europeans.
The price of spices went up for Europeans.
The Chinese took over trade routes.
Which of the following were part of the native experience under the Spanish?
used as a cheap labor force
Had schools and churches built to teach them Spanish ways.
Taught about issues of equality.
given land to farm
Forced to become Catholic
taken to Africa to be used as slaves
What kind of culture was established in New Amsterdam?
One that was based soley on religion.
One of bigotry and intolerance.
One that required all people to conform to a certain set of ideals.
One that accepted different cultures and was religiously tolerant.
England and the Netherlands each allowed joint-stock companies to operate in Asia. What powers did the joint-stock companies have?
control trade
make money
raise their own armies
overthrow local leaders
sign treaties
control local militaries
What was the name of the first permanant English settlement in North America?
Jamestown
Johnstown
Charlestowne
Roanoke
Match the Spanish Colonial Class system to the right descriptions.
mestizos
born in Spain, held highest positions of power.
mulattos
children of peninsulares, but they were born in the colonies.
slaves
children of native and Spainish parents.
peninsulares
children of Spanish and African parents.
natives
brought from Africa to work on plantations
creoles
used for cheap labor, forced to adopt European ways
Henry Hudson
financed Columbus’ voyages.
Amerigo Vespucci
English explorer, went up the from New York up the Hudson River into the what is now Canada.
Jacques Cartier
Spanish explorer first European to cross the Isthmus of Panama and reach the Pacific Ocean in 1513.
Prince Henry the Navigator
Helped Pizzaroconquer the Inca and then explored areas from Florida to Mississippi.
Vasco de Gama
Portuguese prince who started a school of navigation that allowed ship captains, map makers and sailors to share information of their voyages.
Ferdinand Magellan
Catholic priest who fought for the rights of native people and wrote about the poor treatment of natives.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
1491-1577 discovered Canada for the French, mapped the St. Lawrence River
Hernan Cortes
1476-1541 conquered the Inca for Spain
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
1485-1547 conquered the Aztecs for Spain
Christopher Columbus
1460-1524 sailed for Portugal, found a route around the southern tip of Africa to India
Bartolome de la Casas
Italian navigator, hired by Spain to find a route to India, found the New World, thought it was India
Hernando de Soto
Italian cartographer, sailed for Spain, realized the Americas were the new world and not India
Francisco Pizzaro
credited with being the first to circumnavigate the world (sailed for Spain, was actually from Portugal)