Lesson 4 Extra Credit - Natural Disasters and Plate Tectonics - William Pollard | Library

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What type of plate boundary is located where the red is located on the map?

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What is the unit of measurement for the key at the bottom of the map?

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Why are the blue and pink colors located closest to the continents?

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What information does this map tell us? Use at least 3-4 pieces of evidence.

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Read the Modified Mercalli Scale above. On the map in your answer booklet, a line has been drawn to separate regions with Mercalli values of V from regions with Mercalli values of VI. Using the touchscreen or your mouse Draw another line to separate regions with Mercalli values of VI from regions with Mercalli values of VII

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The epicenter of this earthquake was located at 38° N 142° E. Identify the type of tectonic plate boundary and the name of the plates themselves that are located nearest to the epicenter of this earthquake.

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Describe one way the P-waves and S-waves recorded on seismograms at Ishinomaki and Nagano were used to indicate that Ishinomaki was closer to the earthquake epicenter than was Nagano.

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A 25-foot high tsunami hit the Japanese city of Ishinomaki. Describe 2-3 precautions the city could take now to protect citizens from tsunamis in future years. You can research using the internet to answer this question.

Watch the video below (Use headphones or click the cc button to read the subtitles) and then answer the following questions.

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What are they predicting would be the cause for this megatsunami? Be specific using multiple forms of evidence.

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What areas of the world will be affected? What kind of damage will it cause.

How  big  was  that  quake? The  Richter  scale  is  used  to  determine  how  powerful  a  quake  is.    Similar  to  stars,  the  intensity  to  the  observer  is  dependent  on  distance  from  the  quake.    This  chart  is  used  to  determine  the  quake’s  strength.    Place  a  point  on  the  left  side  according  to  the  quake’s  distance.    Place  another  point  on  the  right  side  for  the  observed  amplitude  of  shaking  (use  a  seismogram  reading).    Last  draw  a  line  connecting  the  two  points  and  the  middle  number  is  the  Richter  magnitude  of  the  quake.    For  example  a  quake  with  an  amplitude  of  1mm  that  is  100  km  away  would  have  a  magnitude  of  3.0.    Remember  that  an  increase  of  1.0  on  the  Richter  scale  is  equal  to  10  times  the  magnitude  (and  32  times  the  amount  of  energy).  So  a  quake  that  is  a  6.0  on  the  Richter  scale  is  1000  times  more  powerful  than  our  practice  problem.

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Your seismogram reading is showing 10mm and its distance is 500 km. What is the magnitude?

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A 100mm amplitude reading that is only 30 km away would be what magnitude?

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Graph the relationship between amplitude and distance

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Describe what is happening in the image above using your knowledge of Earth Science. Where is a possible place that this might exist on Earth.

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The crack shown above formed in Kenya is up to 50 feet deep and 65 feet wide significantly damaged a major road and destroyed homes. It formed in a different way than the crack above. What processes caused this to happen? Be specific including plates names, boundary types, etc.

The image below shows the 2010 Earthquake in Haiti.

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Describe how you think this earthquake happened using your knowledge of Earth Science and the ESRT. Be specific including plates names, boundary types, etc.

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Why was this earthquake , a 7.0 magnitude, more damaging than other earthquakes that were stronger?

Below is a list of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded

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Describe how you think the strongest earthquake ever recorded happened using your knowledge of Earth Science and the ESRT. Be specific including plates names, boundary types, etc.

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In what ways was this earthquake different than the Haiti Earthquake? Use as many pieces of evidence as possible.

Go to this link: Earthquakes in U.S. which shows all Earthquakes of Magnitude 2.5 or greater within the last weekk to to answer the following questions.

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Why are there earthquakes happening in the center of the United States, considering there are no plate boundaries anywhere near them. You will have to research to find the answer.

Watch the video below (Use headphones or click the cc button to read the subtitles) and then answer the following questions.

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Where is the second most active fault line in the U.S. located?

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When did the last big earthquake happen there? Describe the effects of this earthquake?

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Why did these earthquakes occur in the middle of continents, nowhere near a plate boundary?

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Why is quiet along an active fault considered a problem?

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You are about to move to inland area that is prone to Earthquakes. What are 3-4 things you can do to prepare for Earthquakes before they actually happen?

The image below shows the Cascade Volcano Range which is located in the Western U.S.
 

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What processes are involved in creating the volcanos shown above. Be specific including plates names, boundary types, etc.

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Mt. Hood is located very close to the city of Portland, Oregon and has a history of eruptions. What are 2-3 precautions that Portland residents could take to prepare for a volcanic eruption?