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Karyotype Virtual Lab PROCEDURE

By LILLIAN LUGO
Last updated over 3 years ago
0 Questions
In your activity, you will use a computer model to look at chromosomes and prepare a karyotype. You will diagnose patients for abnormalities and learn the correct notation for characterizing karyotypes.
En su actividad, utilizará un modelo de computadora para observar los cromosomas y preparar un cariotipo. Diagnosticará a los pacientes en busca de anomalías y aprenderá la notación correcta para caracterizar los cariotipos.

The exercise will be a simulation of human karyotyping using digital images of chromosomes from actual human genetic studies. You will be arranging chromosomes into a completed karyotype, and interpreting your findings just as if you were working in a genetic analysis program at a hospital or clinic.
El ejercicio será una simulación del cariotipo humano utilizando imágenes digitales de cromosomas de estudios genéticos humanos reales. Organizará los cromosomas en un cariotipo completo e interpretará sus hallazgos como si estuviera trabajando en un programa de análisis genético en un hospital o clínica.

Karyotype analyses are performed over 400,000 times per year in the U.S. and Canada. Imagine that you were performing these analyses for real people and that your conclusions would drastically affect their lives.
Los análisis de cariotipo se realizan más de 400.000 veces al año en los EE. UU. Y Canadá. Imagina que estás realizando estos análisis para personas reales y que tus conclusiones afectarían drásticamente sus vidas.

This exercise is designed as an introduction to genetic studies on humans. Karyotyping is one of many techniques that allow us to look for several thousand possible genetic diseases in humans.
Este ejercicio está diseñado como una introducción a los estudios genéticos en humanos. El cariotipo es una de las muchas técnicas que nos permiten buscar varios miles de posibles enfermedades genéticas en humanos.
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PROCEDURE

You will:/Vas a:
  1. evaluate 3 patients' case histories/evaluar las historias clínicas de 3 pacientes
  2. complete their karyotypes, and/completar sus cariotipos, y
  3. diagnose any missing or extra chromosomes./diagnosticar cualquier cromosoma extra o faltante.
You will review each patient's information in order (A, B, then C).
Revisará la información de cada paciente en orden (A, B, luego C).
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The first screen will provide you with an overview of each patient. Begin with Patient A.
La primera pantalla le proporcionará una descripción general de cada paciente. Comience con el Paciente A.

Patient A/Paciente A
Patient A is the nearly-full-term fetus of a forty year old female. Chromosomes were obtained from fetal epithelial cells acquired through amniocentesis.
El paciente A es un feto casi completemente desarrollado de una mujer de cuarenta años. Los cromasomas fueron obtenidos de las células epiteliales. Las células fueron adquiridas por amniocentísis. Completa el Cariotipo del Paciente A.
Patient B/Paciente B
Patient B is a 28 year old male who is trying to identify a cause for his infertility. Chromosomes were obtained from nucleated cells in the patient's blood. Complete Patient B's Karyotype.
El paciente B es un hombre de 28 años que está tratando de identificar la causa de su infertilidad. Los cromosomas fueron obtenidos de células nucleadas de su sangre. Completa el Cariotipo del Paciente B.
Patient C/Paciente C
Patient C died shortly after birth, with a multitude of anomalies, including polydactyly and a cleft lip. Chromosomes were obtained from a tissue sample. Complete Patient C's Karyotype.
El paciente C se murió a poco de su nacimiento con muchas anomalías incluyendo el polidactilia y un labio leporino. Los cromosomas fueron obtenidos de una muestra de tejido. Completa el Cariotipo del Paciente C.
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You will be presented with an incomplete karyotype. Analyzing the three key properties of each chromosome provided to you (size, shape, and banding), click on the correct chromosome that is homologous to the one you are provided. The chromosome pairs that are missing in the karyotype are highlighted in blue. (See reference below.)
Se le presentará un cariotipo incompleto. Analizando las tres propiedades clave de cada cromosoma que se le proporcionó (tamaño, forma y bandas), haga clic en el cromosoma correcto que sea homólogo al que se le proporcionó. Los pares de cromosomas que faltan en el cariotipo están resaltados en azul. (Consulte la referencia a continuación).


Click on the chromosome number that is homologous to the one you were provided. This is NOT a drag and drop activity. CLICK on the correct match.
Haga clic en el número de cromosoma que sea homólogo al que se le proporcionó. Esta NO es una actividad de arrastrar y soltar. HAGA CLIC en la coincidencia correcta.

Remember, there are potential cases of aneuploidy for any of the patients. You may find that you are missing a homologous chromosome or that you have extra.
Recuerde, existen casos potenciales de aneuploidía para cualquiera de los pacientes. Puede encontrar que le falta un cromosoma homólogo o que tiene cromosomas adicionales.
If your match is incorrect, you will be provided with a brief explanation as to the error. Read it and apply your new knowledge to correct your error. Click on the Try Again button to return to the karyotype.
Si su coincidencia es incorrecta, se le proporcionará una breve explicación del error. Léalo y aplique sus nuevos conocimientos para corregir su error. Haga clic en el botón Pruebe Nuevamente para volver al cariotipo.


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Insert a screenshot of each completed karyotype.
Inserte una captura de pantalla de cada cariotipo completado.

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  1. Take a screenshot and save it to your Google Drive./Tome una captura de pantalla y guárdela en su Google Drive.
  2. Click on the Show Your Work button./Haga clic en el botón Mostrar su trabajo.
  3. Click on the image button./Haga clic en el botón de la imagen.
  4. Insert the screenshot that was saved to your Google Drive (make sure you insert the correct screenshot for each patient. I suggest naming each file per patient.)/Inserte la captura de pantalla que se guardó en su Google Drive (asegúrese de insertar la captura de pantalla correcta para cada paciente. Le sugiero que nombre cada archivo por paciente).
  5. Click on the blue checkmark./Haga clic en la marca de verificación azul.
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Review the completed karyotype and write its karyotypic notation.
Revise el cariotipo completo y escríbalo en notación cariotípica.

Review the list of possible diagnoses provided and indicate your diagnosis for each patient. Explain the rationale for your diagnosis and why you ruled out the others.
Revise la lista de posibles diagnósticos proporcionada e indique su diagnóstico para cada paciente. Explique el fundamento de su diagnóstico y por qué descartó los demás.
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Submit Part I of the completed Virtual Lab by the end of the class period.
Envíe la Parte I del Laboratorio virtual completo antes del final del período de clases.

Complete and submit Part II (the lab report) for homework.
Complete y envíe la Parte II (el informe de laboratorio) como tarea.