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EOY 8th Grade Science (3)2021

Last updated almost 5 years ago

52 questions

Note from the author:

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MAAP Practice

Question 1

1.

Some scientists study asteroids that could potentially impact Earth. Which mechanism could be used to best protect against this type of possible natural hazard?

satellites to calculate the mass and acceleration of asteroids

Doppler radar to measure the direction and speed of asteroids

rockets to push asteroids and change their direction and speed

probes to land on asteroids and detect their mass and acceleration

Question 2

2.

Which set of answers is correct to label the diagram below?

A) chromosome       B) gene         C) DNA

A) gene         B) DNA        C) chromosome

A) DNA       B) chromosome       C) gene

A) chromosome       B) DNA         C) gene

Question 3

3.

The student observes that the shorter straws produce sounds with a higher pitch. Which set of information identifies and explains the characteristic of sound that the student observes?

Characteristic: amplitude     Explanation: Sounds with higher pitches have greater amplitudes.

Characteristic: amplitude     Explanation: Sounds with lower pitches have greater amplitudes.      

Characteristic: frequency     Explanation: Sounds with lower pitches have greater frequencies.

Question 4

4.

The student wants to investigate how sound waves from the straw horn interact with different materials. Which wave property should be tested, and which method should be used to test it?

Wave property: absorption     Method: playing the straw horn in a room with hard surfaces and a room with soft surfaces

Wave property: absorption     Method: making several sounds from straws of different lengths

Wave property: pitch     Method: playing the straw horn in a room with hard surfaces and a room with soft surfaces

Question 5

5.

Plants with narrow stems were more likely to survive than plants with wide stems.

Medium-height plants were favored by conditions that harmed tall and short plants.

Ground-feeding organisms favored short plants, resulting in a taller plant population overall.

High winds reduced the survival rate of tall plants, resulting in a greater range of plant heights.

Question 6

6.

Which word or phrase in the parentheses forms the conclusion that is best supported by the maps?

The scratches on the bedrock suggest that the (landmasses / oceans ) were once connected nearer to the South Pole, and the ice flowed from ( several different locations / a central location / low latitudes to higher latitudes ).

oceans / a central location

oceans / low latitudes to higher latitudes

Question 7

7.

A student builds a simple guitar using rubber bands and a cardboard box. Plucking the rubber bands results in sound waves. Which step would best help the student investigate the effect of changing the resonance of the sound waves?

adding more rubber bands to the guitar

adding color patterns to the outside of the box

using more force when plucking the rubber bands

building a similar guitar using a larger or smaller box

Question 8

8.

Acid rain occurs when chemical pollution in the atmosphere reacts with atmospheric chemicals. This type of pollution is mainly released by burning fossil fuels to generate electricity, to power behicles and heavy equipment, and to run industries such as manufacturing and oil refineries.

Pick the phrase in each set of parentheses to correctly explain one way humans could reduce the impact of acid rain on Earth's ecosystems.

Increased ( use of public transportation / recycling of metals / water conservation measures / consumption of farmed seafood ) would reduce the impact of acid rain by reducing ( the amount of pollutants released by vehicles / reliance on nonrenewable resources / the pollution of water sources / the effect of pollution on aquatic ecosystem ).

recycling of metals, reliance on nonrenewable resources

Question 9

9.

Question 10

10.

Individuals with BB would be less likely to survive because their food source would be less available.

Individuals with BB would be more likely to survive because they can fill their beaks with many small seeds.

Individuals with Bb would be more likely to survive becasue they can consume large-sized and small-sized seeds.

Individuals with bb would be less likely to survive because their food source has less energy that large-size seeds.

Question 11

11.

Blue-absorbing PV cells would produce more energy because infrared light wavelengths are most of the energy in sumlight and produce more energy from sunlight.

Red-absorbing PV cells would produce more energy because infrared light wavelengths are most of the energy in sunlight and produce more energy from sunlight.

Blue-absorbing PV cells would produce more energy because blue-light wavelengths contain more energy than other wavelengths and produce more energy from sunlight.

Red-absorbing PV cells would produce more energy because blue-light wavelengths contain more energy thatn other wavelengths and produce more energy from sunlight.

Question 12

12.

Part A: Pick the word or phrase in each set of parenthese to correctly complete the statement about the process of mitosis.

Mitosis is a form of ( sexual / asexual ) reproduction that produces daughter cells with genetic information tht is ( identical to / modified by / different from ) the parent cell.

sexual , modified by

sexual, different from

asexual, identical to

Question 13

13.

A model of mitosis is shown below beginning with the prophase stage. Pick the letter sequence of the cell stages that is the correct order of the steps of mitosis. Some cell stages may be used more than once and some may not be used at all.

Z  V  Y  WW

Y  V  W  ZZ

X  Y V  WW

Z  W  X  YY

Question 14

14.

Particles of matter transform into energy to produce a sound wave.

Energy in a sound wave moves particles of matter from one place to another.

Energy in a sound wave transfers between particles of matter in a repeating pattern.

Particles of matter are transformed into other types of matter by energy in a sound wave.

Question 15

15.

Pick a word or phrase in each set of parentheses to describe the most likely effect that the opening in the paper will have on the light waves.

The light waves will be diffracted by the opening in the paper, causing the light waves to ( cancel out / come together / spread out ) and appear ( brighter / dimmer / equally bright ).

spread out,  dimmer

Question 16

16.

The fossilized animals have body sizes that are similar to the body sizes of living animals.

The fossilized animals are made of rocky materials that are similar to those in the bones of living animals.

The fossilized animals have body shapes and parts that are similar to the body shapes and parts of living animals.

The fossilized animals show signs of having once lived in habitats that are similar to the habitats of living animals.

Question 17

17.

Using the table above, answer the next two questions.

The student strikes the 45-cm lid to produce a sound. If the student wants to produce a higher-pitched sound, which method should the student most likely use?

striking the same lid with more force

striking the 60-cm lid with the same amount of force

striking the 30-cm lid with the same amount of force

Question 18

18.

Which sound wave characteristic changes the most between each trial?

crest

shape

amplitude

frequency

Question 19

19.

Planaria are flatwoms that reproduce asexually. Catfish reproduce sexually. Which statement best compares planaria and catfish?

Planaria have offspring that are genetically different, and catfish have offspring that are identical.

Planaria require less time to produce offspring, and catfish require more time to produce offspring.

Planaria produce offspring one at a time, and catfish produce large numbers of offspring at one time.

Planaria require large amounts of energy to produce offspring an catfish require little energy to produce offspring.

Question 20

20.

All the rock layers near the volcanic eruption layer will contain fossils of organisms living immediately before the eruption occurred.

All the rock layers beneath the volcanic eruption layer will contain fossils of organisms living immediately before the eruption occurred.

The rock layer directly above the volcanic eruption layer will contain fossils of organisms living immediately before the eruption occurred.

The rock layer directly beneath the volcanic eruption layer will contain fossils of organisms living immediately before the eruption occurred.

Question 21

21.

Arctic hares are adapted to live in cold environments such as the Arctic. Scientific studies indicate that human activities contribute to a rise in the average global air temperature, resulting in a decrease in Arctic snow cover. Which statement explains how the changing arctic environment will most likely affect the population of arctic hares in winter?

The population will increase because environmental factors will increase the availability of food for hares.

The population will increase because genetic factors will increase the number of hares that survive and reproduce.

The population will decrease because environmental factors will reduce the ability of hares to hide from predators.

The population will decrease because genetic factors will reduce the ability of hares to survive in a warmer environment.

Question 22

22.

increased soil loss and desertification

increased damage to buildings, structures, and trees

decreased access to water storage and water bodies

decreased amount of dry land near rivers and streams

Question 23

23.

The Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-Pg) event occurred about 65.5 million years ago. The causes are not completely known, but over fifty percent of all plants and animals went extinct. Evidence shows that Earth experienced a massive heat event that triggered fires, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes. These activities released large amounts of debris into the air. The debris blocked the sunlight and caused Earth’s surface temperature to become much cooler.

Which type of organisms would have most likely survived this event?

Organisms that were able to eat only plants on land survived over time.

Organisms that were able to grow very large on land survived over time.

Organisms that were able to use sunlight to heat their bodies survived over time.

Question 24

24.

Question 25

25.

Pick a word in each set of parentheses to best describe the movement of the tectonic plates in the diagram.

The tectonic plates move across Earth's surface due to ( convection / conduction / radiation ) from materials in Earth's ( core / mantle / crust ) layer.

convection,  core

conduction,  crust

Question 26

26.

Wind turbines transform wind energy into electricity. Using wind for energy is one way to replace the use of fossil fuels and other energy sources similar to fossil fuels. However, wind turbines can be dangerous to birds and produce noise pollution. The diagram shows the levels of sound heard in a town with turbines spaced at different distances from the town.

Part 1: Choose a claim that describes the relationship between wind turbines and human dependency on the use of nonrenewable resources.

Part 2: Choose a supporting statement that best defends the claim.

You will select one claim AND one supporting statement:

Question 27

27.

In some windy locations, a group of wind turbines may be built near each other. These are known as wind farms. Which pair of statements best describes a disadvantage and an advantage of building a wind farm instead of a single wind turbine?

Disadvantage: A wind farm uses more nonrenewable energy than a single wind turbine uses. Advantage: A wind farm can be built close to towns that need electricity. 

Disadvantage: A wind farm produces less electricity than a single wind turbine produces. Advantage: A wind farm can easily be built in locations far from birds.

Question 28

28.

Question 29

29.

Use the Rock Cycle Model to Answer the following 2 questions:
Which rock type goes in which box to complete the cycle?

1:metamorphic, 2: sedimentary, 3: molten, 4: igneous

1: molten, 2: igneous, 3: metamorphic, 4: sedimentary

1: sedimentary, 2: igneous, 3: molten, 4: metamorphic

1: sedimentary, 2: molten, 3: igneous, 4: metamorphic

Question 30

30.

Which word correctly completes the statement?

Igneous

Metamorphic

Sedimentary

Question 31

31.

1 goes with A, 2 goes with B, 3 goes with C

1 goes with B, 2 goes with C, 3 goes with A

1 goes with C, 2 goes with A, 3 goes with B

2 goes with A, 3 goes with B, 1 goes with C

Question 32

32.

The blacktail shiner can survive any oxygen level in its environment

The blackstripe topminnow can survive any oxygen level in its environment

The blackstripe topminnow is better able to survive a wide range of oxygen levels in its environment than the blacktail shiner

The blacktail shiner is better able to survive a wide range of oxygen levels in its environment than the balckstripe topminnow

Question 33

33.

A

B

C

D

Question 34

34.

A change in water level in the Indian Ocean

A large rift between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate

The formation of the island of Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean

The presence of a mountain range where the Indian plate meets the Eurasian plate

Question 35

35.

A

B

C

D

Question 36

36.

longer than; more energy than

shorter than; more energy than

equal to; less energy than

shorter than; the same amount of energy than

Question 37

37.

red; shortest

red; longest

Question 38

38.

The different colors of light reflect at the same angle.

The different colors of light reflect at different angles.

The different colors of light refract at the same angle.

The different colors of light refract at different angles.

Question 39

39.

A

B

C

D

Question 40

40.

Because the climate of the area is wet and hot, perovskite should not be used.

Because the material is unlikely to harm the environment, perovskite should be used.

Because the product cannot be immediately mass-produced, perovskite should not be used.

Because the area has fewer sunny days than the U.S. average, perovskite shoul be used.

Question 41

41.

Layers 5 & 9

Layers 1 & 7

Layers 3 & 8

Layers 2 & 6

Question 42

42.

A

B

C

D

Question 43

43.

Use the diagram to answer the next 2 questions

1: runoff, 2: surface water, 3: infiltration, 4: groundwater

1: surface water, 2: infiltration, 3: groundwater, 4: runoff

1: infiltration, 2: groundwater, 3: runoff, 4: surface water

Question 44

44.

infiltrate, run off

run off; run off

infiltrate; infiltrate

run off; infiltrate

Question 45

45.

one time; two haploid; similar to

two times; four haploid; different than

Question 46

46.

Advantages of Sexual Reproduction

Advantages of Asexual Reproduction

Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction

Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction

Question 47

47.

The environment in which plants are grown affects their appearance.

Recessive traits are more likely to be expressed than dominant traits.

The appearance of certain traits is predictable and is controlled by genes.

Crossing pea pants in the wild produces results without observable patterns.

Question 48

48.

25

100

50

Question 49

49.

Genetics determines medium ground finch beak depths and rainfall as no effect on the birds.

Rainfall has no effect on medium ground finch beak depths because seed production is abundant.

Smaller beak depths are more beneficial during dry season since medium ground finches prefer small seeds.

Larger beak depths give some medium gound finches a feeding advantage to consume larger seeds during dry seasons.

Question 50

50.

Question 51

51.

Which of the following combinations is accurate?

A:1, B:2, C:3

Question 52

52.

Sound needs to travel through a medium because the energy is produced by a speaker.

Light needs to travel through a mediuim because it involves the movement of light rays.

Sound needs to travel through a medium because it involves the movement of particles.

Light needs to travel through a medium because the energy is moved in two directions.

Characteristic: frequency     Explanation: Sounds with higher pitches have greater frequencies.

Wave property: pitch      Method: making several sounds from straws of different lengths

landmasses / several different locations

landmasses / a central location

use of public transportation, the amount of pollutants released by vehicles

water conservation measures, the effect of pollution on aquatic ecosystem

consumption of farmed seafood, the pollution of water sources

mitosis

meiosis

sexual reproduction

asexual reproduction

offspring different from parent

offspring the same as parent

asexual, different from

cancel out, brighter

come together, equally bright

spread out, brighter

striking the same lid with the sam force bur from farther away

Organisms that were able to hide and to store energy to keep warm survived over time.

Select below all that would apply.

sound waves: With Air

sound waves: Without Air

sound waves: With Water

light waves: With Air

light waves: Without Air

light waves: With Water

radiation,  mantle

convection,  mantle

Claim B:  Wind turbines allow humans to become less dependent on nonrenewable resources. 

Claim A:  Wind turbines cause humans to become more dependent on nonrenewable resources.

Supporting statement A: Wind turbines use a renewable energy resource to generate electricity

Supporting statement B: Wind turbines use a nonrenewable energy resource to generate electricity

Disadvantage: A wind farm is more dangerous to birds than a single wind turbine. Advantage: A wind farm produces enough sound to keep birds away.

Disadvantage: A wind farm produces more noise pollution than a single wind turbine produces. Advantage: A wind farm produces a greater amount of electricity than a single wind turbine produces.

Classify the structural/functional similarities between the pair of organisms as analogous and/or homologous. Check ALL that are correct

Bird and Bat are both Analogous and Homologous

Bird and Bat are neither Analogous nor Homologous

Bird and Bat are Analogous but not Homologous

Bat and Seal are both Analogous and Homologous

Bat and Seal are neither Analogous nor Homologous

Bat and Seal are Homologous but not Analogous

orange; longest

violet; shortest

indigo; shortest

two times; two haploid; similar to

one time; two haploid; different than

two times; four haploid; similar to

There is not enough information given to find the percentage of rock pocket mice with light colored fur

Choose 1 argument AND 1 evidence

Argument: fewer than 90 spines; decrease        

Argument: more than 90 spines; increase          

Argument: more than 90 spines; decrease        

Argument: fewer than 90 spines: increase

Evidence: fewer spines; more spines

Evidence: fewer spines; fewer spines

Evidence: more spines; more spines

Evidence: more spines; fewer spines

A:2, B:3, C:1

A:3, B:1, C:2

A:3, B:2, C:1

A:2, B:1, C:3