To address the rigor of the student expectation, ensure to include components such as:
rules of solubility
aqueous solutions
solubility curves
What is Solubility?
Solubility is how well a solute dissolves in a solvent. Solute is the compound being dissolved. Solvent is the compound doing the dissolving [ usually water ].
Ex. in saltwater; salt is the solute, and water is the solvent because the salt is dissolved in the water.
Video 1: Factors Affecting Solubility
Different chemicals dissolve at different rates. This dissolution is affected by:
1. Temperture
2. Agitation [ like stirring ]
3. Surface Area &Partical Size
4. Pressure
5. Polarity
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1.
When gas is the solute. How does tempreture relate to solubility?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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When solid is the solute. How does pressure relate to solubility?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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3.
How is particle size different from surface area?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
What is "aqueous" solution ?
Aqueous means the chemical is dissolved in water. This is represented in chemical equations with (aq). This is the common state for most substances because it is easier to mix chemicals when compounds are in liquid form.
Ex. NaCl (s) --> Na+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
Video 2: "What happen when stuff dissolves?"
Water is known as a Universal Solvent. This means water is very very good at dissolving other compounds; polar compounds. So water will dissolve Table Salt, ionic compound, and sugar, covalent compound, in the same way because they are both POLAR. But if you try to dissolve a little oil in water, it dosen't work becuase oil is NON-POLAR. Like dissolves like. Polar dissolves polar / Non-polar dissolves Non-polar.
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How is dissolving Covalent compounds different from Ionic compounds?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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5.
What do we call a liquid that has an ionic salt dissolved in it ?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
Video 3: "Solutions tutorial- unsaturated, suaturated, and supersaturated"
Unsaturated: solutions in which the amount of dissolved solute is less than the saturation point of the solvent (at a specific temperature )
Saturated: solutions where the amount of dissolved solute is equal to the saturation point. No more solute will dissolve in the solvent.
Supersaturated: occurs with a chemical solution when the concentration of a solute exceeds the concentration for saturation. Involves dissolving more solute in the solvent at a higher tempreture then lowering the tempreture without the formation of crystals.
Solubility Curves
Video 4: "Solubility Curves"
Solubility curves can be used to determine if a given solution is saturated or unsaturated. Under the line is unsaturated; on the line is saturated; over the line is undissolved or supersaturated depending on the formation of a percipitate [ solid crystals falling out of the liquid ].
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Use the solubility curve to determine wheter a solutin is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated.
A solution that contains 70 g of KNO3, in 100mL of water at 50*C is _____________.
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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7.
Use the solubility curve to determine wheter a solutin is unsaturated, saturated, or supersaturated.
A solution that contains 50 g of KCl, in 100mL of water at 90*C, then the tempreture is lowered to 50*C and no crystals form, is _____________.
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
Video 5: "Rules of Solubility"
These rules help us identify, based on the chemical formula, compounds that are soluble in water and the ones that are insoluble in water.
Link: if you want to see them typed out --> https://www.solubilityofthings.com/basics/solubility_rules.php
Identify the compound whose solubility you want to check. It can be helpful to write out the empirical formula so you can identify the ions that make up the compound.
Look up each ion in the solubility rules. Check the left-hand column for the general rule, and look in the right-hand column to make sure you noted any exceptions.
Alternatively, you can look up ions in the solubility chart. You might find this easier. Cations are listed across the top, and anions are listed vertically. Find the cell where your cation column and ion row meet to determine solubility of the resulting compound
Will dissolve in water
Won't dissolve in water
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Using the reference sheet above. Is CaOH , soluble or insoluble?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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9.
Using the reference sheet above. Is K3PO4, potassium phosphate, soluble or insoluble?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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10.
Using the reference sheet above. Is FePO4, Iron III phosphate, soluble or insoluble?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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11.
Using the reference sheet above. Is NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate, soluble or insoluble?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
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12.
Using the reference sheet above. Is Al2(CrO4)3, Aluminium Cromate, soluble or insoluble?
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
Exit Ticket:
Answer the question below.
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13.
You are making Sweet Iced Tea.
Do you add the sugar before adding ice, or after adding ice? and Why did you add it then?
Answer using proof from the lesson, and word bank. [ Soluble, tempreture, saturation point, supersaturated, unsaturated ]
develop and use general rules regarding solubility through investigations with aqueous solutions;
