HIV attacks our own white blood cells so it makes us sick and attacks our body but also breaks down our fighers. Specifically HIV attacks our cytotoxic T cells.
a. What do cytotoxic T cells normally do when functioning?
b. Why could the pathogen spread WAY faster if they aren't working?
Question 15
15.
Question 16
16.
Question 17
17.
Question 18
18.
You are on the BART. The person sitting across from you sneezes (and wait for it)....they DON'T cover their sneeze! You watch the droplets as they fly toward you but don't quite have time to duck/react. You think to yourself "come on ____________stop, these pathogens from entering my body!!"
Nose Hairs
T- Cells
Fever
Neutrophils
Stomach Enzymes
You go to pick your little sister up at daycare. You bend down to grab the legos she is playing with out of her hands. Little did you know those legos were bacteria infested!! Luckily everytime you leave the day care you saanitize. You don't get sick and never even know there was anything to be worried aabout. What initially prevented you from getting sick?
inflammation
phagocytosis
chemical barriers
physical barriers
You are sitting on a picnic bench at Swenson, taking a breather before you Tee off on hole 17. It is finally your turn. You press your hand on the bench as you stand up and OUCH!! Splinter!! Unfortunately the angle at which your hand hit the wood did not allow your skin to prevent the breach. This splinter could be bacteria filled, if it is, which of the following second line defenses can you expect to help prevent a severe infection?
Inflammation
Antibodies
Phagocytosis
Physical Barriers
Species Resistance
A _______1_____ enters your body, macrophages engluf it and present the ____2_________ for other cells to see. Eventually, in response, your body may produce _____3____ to trap it.
1. pathogen, 2. antigen, 3. antibody
1. antigen, 2. pathogen, 3. antibody
1. pathogen, 2. antibody, 3. antigen
1. antibody, 2. pathogen, 3. antigen
1. antigen, 2. antibody, 3. pathogen
1. antibody, 2. antigen, 3. pathogen
Which of the following are part of the adaptive immune response ONLY? (select all that apply)
Dendritic Cells
Neutrophils
Basophils
T- Cells
B- Cells
Which of the following cells is involved in BOTH antibody mediated (humoral) immunity and cell mediated immunity.
Helper T Cell
Cytotoxic T Cell
Plasma B Cell
Memory B cell
Pneumococci have entered your body. Not only your body but....YOUR CELLS! 1st and 2nd line defenses were not strong enough to fend it off and the bacteria is rapidly spreading. What cells will come to help kill your infected cells and slow the spread?
Memory B- Cells
Helper T-Cells
Antibodies
Cytotoxic T- Cells
B-Cells
What produces antibodies?
Memory B Cells
Neutrophils
Plasma Cells
Macrophages
Cytotoxic T Cells
Which of the following correctly describes the function of antibodies?
To engulf and break down pathogens
To inject perforin into our infected body cells
To prevent the pathogen from infecting our body cells by trapping it
To increase inflammation by releasing histamine and heparin into the blood
Helper T-Cells were just activated by a macrophage...what happens next?
Lymphocytes are activated
Cytokines are released calling over lymphocytes
Antibodies are produced
Antigens fight off infection
You are home sick. You feel real bad. Your temperature is 101. You remember from anatomy that a fever, as long, as it does not get too much higher, is actually good. Which of the following describes a fever? (select all that apply)
the bacteria is starved of essential nutrients and dies
body temperature rises denaturing the pathogen
body temperature rises causing iron to move out of the blood
body temperature rises overheating the pathogen
Which of the following is specific?
Adaptive immune response
Innate immune response
Cytokines are released by _______ and attract ______________.
Helper T cells, lymphocytes
Helper T cells, monocytes
Plasma B cells, pathogens
Plasma B Cells, lymphocytes
You are a pathogen in someone's body. You see a y-shaped figure flying at you and boom you are trapped, unable to do anything. What trapped at you?
Basophil
Plasma Cell
Macrophage
Antigen
Natural Killer Cell
Antibody
Neutrophil
You are a pathogen in someone's body. Excitedly, you head toward a cell, about to infect it. Suddenly, out of nowhere, you find yourself enclosed in a white blood cell, being broken apart. What just happened to you?
You were engulfed by a helper T cell
You were phagocytized by a macrophage
You were trapped by a plasma B cell
You were injected with perforin by a cytotoxic T- cell
Put the following in order in which they fight infection.
Nose Hairs and Mucus
Enzymes like those in tears and in the stomach
Macrophages engulf a pathogen and present a piece of it
Helper T cells are activated
Cytokines are released
Cytotoxic T cells are activated
Which of the following occurs after the pathogen has entered our body? (select all that apply)