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Cell Cycle & Cancer

Last updated 7 days ago

17 questions

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6

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10

Question 1

1.

Other Answer Choices:

"small" doubled homologous chromosome

dad chromosome

doubled dad chromosome

"big" doubled homologous chromosome

doubled mom chromosome

mom chromosome

Question 2

2.

This image shows a __________

Question 3

3.

This image shows a __________

Question 4

4.

Why do cells need to divide? (select all that are correct)

to reproduce - make another identical organism

to repair damaged tissues

to grow

to maintain tissues and organs as their cells wear out

Question 5

5.

Which stage of the cell cycle involves copying of all the DNA (DNA Replication)

Question 6

6.

What is the name of the stage of the cell cycle where the cell moves to when the cell is not going to divide again immediately

Question 7

7.

Which is the ONLY stage of the cell cycle when you would see chromosomes (not chromatin)?

Question 8

8.

This image shows the 4 stages of mitosis (and cytokinesis in the last picture). In which stage are chromosomes first seen as they coil up from chromatin into chromosomes?

prophase

metaphase

anaphase

telophase (and cytokinesis - not part of mitosis)

Question 9

9.

This image shows the 4 stages of mitosis (and cytokinesis in the last picture). In which stage are chromosomes lined up on the center line of the cell?

prophase

metaphase

anaphase

telophase (and cytokinesis - not part of mitosis)

Question 10

10.

The checkpoints are numbered 1 - 4 in black in the image above. At which checkpoint would the cell check to see if ALL the chromosomes were lined up correctly in the center of the cell?

checkpoint 1 (G1 checkpoint)

checkpoint 2 (S checkpoint)

checkpoint 3 (G2 checkpoint)

checkpoint 4 (M checkpoint)

Question 11

11.

The checkpoints are numbered 1 - 4 in black in the image above. At which checkpoint would the cell "make the decision" to divide again or NOT divide?

checkpoint 1 (G1 checkpoint)

checkpoint 2 (S checkpoint)

checkpoint 3 (G2 checkpoint)

checkpoint 4 (M checkpoint)

Question 12

12.

The checkpoints are numbered 1 - 4 in black in the image above. At which checkpoint would the cell check to make sure ALL the DNA had been copied?

checkpoint 1 (G1 checkpoint)

checkpoint 2 (S checkpoint)

checkpoint 3 (G2 checkpoint)

checkpoint 4 (M checkpoint)

Question 13

13.

What is the job of a "normal" proto-oncogene (not the mutated oncogene)?

to cause the cell to become a cancer cell

it  moves the cells through checkpoints of cell division so the cell can divide (normal "acceleration")

it slows down the cell moving through the checkpoints or stops cell division

it is like when the accelerator on a car is stuck to the floor and the car accelerates in a dangerous way

Question 14

14.

What is the job of a "normal" tumor suppressor gene (not a mutated tumor suppressor gene)?

to cause the cell to become a cancer cell

it  moves the cells through checkpoints of cell division so the cell can divide (normal "acceleration")

it slows down the cell moving through the checkpoints or stops cell division

it is like when the accelerator on a car is stuck to the floor and the car accelerates in a dangerous way

Question 15

15.

Which descriptions of how mutations in genes cause cancer are correct?

tumor suppressor genes mutate which is like losing the brakes in your car

Cancer is not caused by DNA mutations

Question 16

16.

Select all statements that make sense based on the information shown in this grap

Cancer is usually caused by a single mutation

Question 17

17.

Explain what causes cancer? Use the terms, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, accelerator, brakes, checkpoints, superpowers in your answer. To receive full credit, choose one superpower from this list and explain how it gives the cancer cell an advantage over normal cells (growing uncontrollably, evading death, processing nutrients, becoming immortal, avoiding detection, invading tissues & promoting mutations)

G1

G0

S

G2

M

cytokinesis

G1

G0

S

G2

M

cytokinesis

G1

G0

S

G2

M

cytokinesis

Proto-oncogenes mutate to become oncogenes which act to push the cell through cell division (like getting accelerator stuck to the floor of the car)

Most cancers need 5-7 DNA mutations to develop

Mutations to create oncogenes or break tumor suppressor genes give the cancer cell superpowers (hallmarks)

Older people are more likely to get cancer

Cancer is more common in 60 year old people than 80 year old people

Most cancer is caused by the accumulation (adding up) of the effects of several mutations

Most people accumulate enough mutations to cause cancer before the age of 60