What effects how fast particles transfer energy between them?
Assessment Learning Targets:
HS-PS3-4. Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).
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Learning Target
I can use a simulation to explain factors that determine heat energy transfer between two substances.
PRACTICE- 25-30 MIN
Question 1
1.
Question 2
2.
Question 3
3.
Thermal Equilibrium- Transfer of heat energy from an object with higher temperature to lower temperature until both objects reach the same temperature.
Question 4
4.
We will now use a simulation to see how heat transfers between two objects that are solids. We can use this to infer how this might work when the objects are in the liquid or gas state.
Question 5
5.
Go to this simulation and set it up as shown in the picture below, then press the reset button and then go.
*If it doesn't let you change the mass, set everything else up, press reset again and it should work
At what temperature was thermal equilibrium reached? How do you know?
Hint: Use the graph to help you
You can click on the graph to get the (X,Y) coordinates
Question 6
6.
Keep the simulation as shown then press the reset button and then go.
How fast did the two objects reach thermal equilibrium?
Hint: Click on the graph to get the (x,y) coordinates to find the exact time
Question 7
7.
Keep the simulation as shown then press the reset button and then go.
What was the temperature change between each object? Explain what you think the negative value means?
Question 8
8.
Question 9
9.
Change the simulation to what is shown below then press the reset button and then go.
At what temperature was thermal equilibrium reached? How do you know?
Hint: Use the graph to help you
You can click on the graph to get the (x,y) coordinates to find the exact time
Question 10
10.
Keep the simulation as shown then press the reset button and then go.
How fast did the two objects reach thermal equilibrium?
Hint: Click on the graph to get the (x,y) coordinates to find the exact time
Question 11
11.
Keep the simulation as shown then press the reset button and then go.
What was the temperature change between each object?
Explain why you think the temperature change was not the same?
Question 12
12.
Question 13
13.
GOTS AND NEEDS:
Record 1 Got and 1 Need below.
Got- Something you now understand better about how heat transfer works
Need- A question you still have, something you're still trying to figure out
Which state of matter is the most dense?
solid
liquid
gas
Which state of matter has the most kinetic energy (speed) in its particles?
solid
liquid
gas
Hypothesis: Which do you think is a larger factor in heat transfer?
The more kinetic energy particles have, the more heat that can transfer to another object when touching
The more tightly packed or dense the particles are, the more heat that can transfer to another object when touching
Based on the definition of thermal equilibrium above, which is true?
Thermal equilibriim occurs right before a phase change (i.e. melting, changing from solid-->liquid )
Thermal equilibriim occurs right after a phase change (i.e. melting, changing from solid-->liquid )
Thermal equilibriim occurs during a phase change (i.e. melting, changing from solid-->liquid )
Set up the simulation as shown then press the reset button and then go.
Which was true?
There was less heat transfer between the two objects because there was a greater difference in initial temperature
There was more heat transfer between the two objects because there was a greater difference in initial temperature
Summary: What Patterns did you notice based on your data? Choose all that are true
Heat flowed from higher tempetaure to lower temperature until each object reached the same temperature
Heat flowed from lower tempetaure to higher temperature until each object reached the same temperature
The masses of the objects determined how fast heat transferred
The masses of the objects determined the final temperature value at thermal equlibrium
The initial temperature values for each object determined how fast heat transferred
The initial temperature values determined the final temperature value at equillibrium