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Physical and Chemical Changes Lab

Last updated over 3 years ago
24 questions
OBJECTIVE: To differentiate between chemical & physical changes

BACKGROUND:
When a physical change occurs, only the form of the substance changes. Chemical changes, however, result in the formation of new substances with different properties. Some general signs of a chemical change include a change of color or odor, the formation of a precipitate (solid), the formation of a gas, and a change in heat or light. In this lab, you will perform different activities and, based on your observations, determine whether a chemical or physical change has taken place.
SAFETY
  • Before lighting the match, tie back long hair and secure loose clothing. After extinguishing the match, thoroughly douse it with water before placing it in the designated waste beaker.
  • Do not ingest any chemicals.
  • Absolutely no goofing or horseplay off.
PROCEDURE
Perform each of the following activities and carefully observe what happens. After each activity, complete your data table.
  1. Lighting a match – Light a single match (refer to safety precautions listed above).
  2. Lighting a candle: Light a single candle. Observe the candle for 45 seconds.
  3. Heating Sucrose: Take a pinch of sugar and place it on the foil. Using the tongs, hold the foil over the candle for approximately 1 minute.
  4. Crushing chalk – Use a mortar and pestle to crush a piece of chalk.
  5. Mixing crushed chalk with vinegar – In a test tube, mix a small amount of the crushed chalk from Procedure #4 with vinegar.
  6. Mixing crushed chalk with water – In a test tube, mix a small amount of the crushed chalk from Procedure #4 with water.
  7. Dissolving sucrose in water – In a test tube, dissolve a small amount of sucrose in water.
  8. Mixing CaCl2 and Na2CO3 solutions – In a test tube, combine several drops each of the calcium chloride and sodium carbonate solutions.
  9. Blowing bubbles in BTB—In a beaker, pour 25 mL of BTB in the beaker along with 25 mL of distilled water in a beaker. Using a straw, blow bubbles in the solution for 1 minute.
  10. Burning Steel Wool—Obtain a small piece of steel wool. Using the Bunsen burner, hold the piece of steel wool over the flame.
  11. Food coloring and water—Fill a beaker with 50 mL of water, place 3 drops of food coloring in the water.
  12. Ammonia and Alka Seltzer—Fill a graduated cylinder with 25 mL of Ammonia. Place 3 drops of Universal Indicator in the graduated cylinder and stir the solution. Drop ½ an alka seltzer tablet in the graduated cylinder.
  13. NaOH and water—Dissolve 2-3 pellets of NaOH in approximately 5 mL of water inside a test tube. (Use your five senses on the test tube)
  14. Phenolphthalein in NaOH—Add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein to NaOH solution(from previous activity #13).
  15. HCL to NaOH mixture—Add several drops of HCl to NaOH solution until an observation is noticeable.
  16. Zinc and HCl-Add 1 piece of zinc to 1/3 full test of 0.5M HCl. See instructor for chemical.
  17. Gas Collection of Zinc and HCl—Use a test tube and invert over previous activity #16 to collect gases and use a candle to check for gases.
  18. Record and collect all observations in the table provided.
6

Lighting a match(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Lighting a candle(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Heating Sucrose(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Crushing chalk(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Mixing crushed chalk with vinegar(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Mixing crushed chalk with water(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Dissolving sucrose in water(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Mixing CaCl2 and Na2CO3 solutions(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Blowing bubbles in BTB(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Burning Steel Wool(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Food coloring and water(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Ammonia and Alka Seltzer(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

NaOH and water(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Phenolphthalein in NaOH(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

HCl to NaOH mixture(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Zinc and HCl mixture(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

6

Gas Collection of Zinc and HCl(chemical/physical) change <In show your work, take a picture of your evidence>

2

Look at each of the following situations and identify as CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL.
A bridge is rusting.

2

Look at each of the following situations and identify as CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL.
Ice cube melting.

2

Look at each of the following situations and identify as CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL.
Mix baking soda and Vinegar.

2

Look at each of the following situations and identify as CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL.
Cooking a hamburger.

2

Look at each of the following situations and identify as CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL.
A pane of glass is shattered.

2

Look at each of the following situations and identify as CHEMICAL or PHYSICAL.
Spark plug igniting gasoline inside a car engine.

10

Explain what a chemical & physical change is and give examples of each. Your audience is third graders. Use complete sentences.