Unit 2 AP GOPO / Interactions amongst the Branches
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“Voter Turnout Demographics.” United States Elections Project, University of Florida, www.electproject.org/home/voter-turnout/demographics.
A. Identify the age of the current Supreme Court justice that was oldest when they joined the court.
B. Describe a trend you see presented in the graph and make a prediction about how that trend may affect the Supreme Court if it continues.
C. Explain an action the government could take that could change this trend.
Question 42
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(A) Identify a trend found in the data of the graph above.
(B) Explain one reason why the trend identified in (A) is happening and draw a conclusion as to what the impact could be on policy making
(C) Describe how pork barrel legislation can affect lawmaking in the Senate.
(D) Describe a chamber procedure, rules, and roles that impacts the policymaking process.
The pork barrel may aid the district of a member of Congress by __________.
a. diverting unallocated funds to the service sector
b. increasing jobs and revenue with federally funded projects
c. increasing revenue through private market investment
d. taxing corporations less so they provide health insurance for employees
The English politician and philosopher Edmund Burke advocated the concept of legislators as __________ who use their best judgment to make policy in the interests of the people.
a. Delegates
b. Trustees
c. Partisans
d. Politicos
A filibuster can be ended through __________; it requires the approval of __________ senators.
a. abrogation; fifty-one
b. censure; fifty-five
c. cloture; sixty
d. discharge; sixty-seven
Members of the House are apportioned to states based on __________. They serve __________-year terms.
a. equal representation by state; four
b. equal representation by state; six
c. population; two
d. population; four
Which incumbency advantage involves efforts to highlight an incumbent’s service to individuals and to the district?
a. visibility
b. credit claiming
c. lobbying
d. position taking
The __________ makes economic projections about the performance of the economy, the costs of proposed policies, and the economic effects of taxing and spending alternatives.
a. Congressional Budget Office
b. Congressional Research Service
c. House Ways and Means Committee
d. Senate Banking Committee
A __________ is an informal group of members of Congress who share some interest or characteristic; its goal is to promote the interests around which it is formed.
a. caucus
b. colloquium
c. committee
d. conference
__________ committees exist in both the House and Senate, may be temporary or permanent, and usually have a specific focus.
a. ways and means
b. caucus
c. select
d. standing
Most of the work of Congress goes on in __________.
a. recess
b. committees
c. conferences
d. hearings
What is substantive representation?
a. representing groups that provide subsistence for their campaign coffers and not for their policy preferences
b. representing the interests of groups of which they themselves are not members
c. representing people and interests that they like personally by voting for legislation that benefits those people
d. representing constituents by mirroring their personal, politically relevant characteristics
The civil service system was introduced with the passage of what law?
a. the Hatch Act
b. the Pendleton Act
c. the Administrative Procedures Act
d. the Freedom of Information Act
Which of the following is a means of enforcing a bureaucratic regulation?
a. sending inspectors to evaluate compliance
b. charging higher taxes to those not in compliance
c. deploying the armed forces to force compliance
d. sending members of Congress to assess the need for new legislation
Under the Hatch Act as amended, federal employees are prohibited from __________.
a. adjudicating legal disputes
b. exercising administrative discretion
c. running for partisan office
d. running voter registration drives
Who are the three main players in an iron triangle?
a. Congress, the president, and the courts
b. businesses, interest groups, and political action committees
c. politicians, candidates, and bureaucrats
d. bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional subcommittees
Which of the following is a function of the federal bureaucracy?
a. issuing executive orders
b. issuing executive agreements
c. implementing laws passed by Congress
d. implementing state statutes
Which of the following is a government corporation?
a. the Food and Drug Administration
b. the Federal Elections Commission
c. the U.S. Postal Service
d. the Occupational Safety and Health Administration
How did the Pendleton Act reform the system of hiring and firing federal employees?
a. It required hiring and firing decisions to be based on partisan loyalty rather than merit.
b. It required hiring and firing decisions to be based on merit rather than partisan loyalty.
c. It continued to allow hiring on the basis of merit, but made firing federal employees easier.
d. It continued to allow hiring on the basis of partisan loyalty, but made firing federal employees more difficult.
What role is the Environmental Protection Agency taking when it sets limits on air pollution from power plants?
a. regulation
b. adjudication
c. oversight
d. deliberation
How do standard operating procedures influence bureaucratic decision making?
a. They promote uniform application of rules.
b. They promote administrative discretion.
c. They promote close coordination with Congress on implementation decisions.
d. They promote coordination across agencies on implementation decisions.
The heads of independent regulatory commissions are __________.
a. elected
b. part of the presidents cabinet
c. selected by the president and confirmed by the Senate
d. allowed to charge for their services
Which of these powers is a constitutional power that the president shares with the Senate?
a. making treaties
b. declaring war
c. granting pardons
d. receiving foreign ambassadors
Which institutional resource is closest and most loyal to the president?
a. Executive Office of the President
b. White House staff
c. armed forces
d. National Security Council
Who breaks a tie in the Senate?
a. president of the United States
b. vice president of the United States
c. Speaker of the House
d. Senate majority leader
What does the Twenty-second Amendment do?
a. requires that presidents be natural-born citizens
b. limits the president’s terms of office
c. requires the president to be a resident of the United States
d. requires the president to be at least 35 years old
Why do presidents try to gain support for their initiatives instead of simply enacting their policy priorities outright?
a. because Congress cannot debate legislation without approval from the president
b. because the Constitution does not give the president any powers to influence public policy
c. because the Constitution establishes a system of shared powers
d. because the president has diminishing power over the course of his or her administration
What has to happen in Congress in order for the president to be impeached and removed from office?
a. The House must impeach the president by a simple majority; the Supreme Court must convict with a two-thirds vote.
b. The Senate must impeach the president by a simple majority; the House must convict with a two-thirds vote.
c. The House must impeach the president by a simple majority; the Senate must convict with a two-thirds majority.
d. The Supreme Court must impeach the president with a simple majority; the chief justice presides over a Senate trial that must convict with a two-thirds majority.
Which presidential role includes the State of the Union address?
a. head of state
b. commander in chief
c. chief executive
d. chief legislator
What is the primary purpose of the Council of Economic Advisers?
a. to advise the president on economic policy
b. to assess budget proposals for Congress
c. to enact the president’s budget
d. to suggest programs that should be scaled back or curtailed because they use tax dollars inefficiently
Which best describes a president’s constitutional duty to Congress?
a. The president must give Congress an occasional update on the state of the union
b. The president must have at least one cabinet member of the opposing party.
c. The president must maintain party support in Congress.
d. The president must inform Congress of the reasoning behind a veto.
Which of the following is a judicial power given to the president?
a. determining the Supreme Court’s docket
b. nominating federal judges
c. establishing the jurisdiction of the federal courts including the Supreme Court
d. determining the constitutionality of judicial acts
Which of the following must confirm all federal judges?
a. the House of Representatives
b. the Supreme Court
c. the Senate
d. the states
How many justices currently serve on the Supreme Court?
a. five
b. six
c. eight
d. nine
In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court first claim the right of judicial review?
a. Chisholm v. Georgia
b. Brown v. Board of Education
c. Dred Scott v. Sandford
d. Marbury v. Madison
A writ of __________ is issued by the Supreme Court when it agrees to hear a case.
a. mandamus
b. prohibition
c. certiorari
d. attachment
Which type of law concerns the violation of the legal rights of one individual toward another?
a. civil
b. natural
c. recidivist
d. criminal
Which of the following is a way that interest groups attempt to influence the Supreme Court’s decisions?
a. claiming disputes are justiciable
b. filing standing to sue briefs
c. lobbying legislators
d. filing amicus curiae briefs
Which of the following is the authority vested in a particular court to hear a case first?
a. original jurisdiction
b. judicial review
c. jurisprudence
d. confirmation
What is the name given to the power of the courts to determine whether the actions of Congress and the executive branch are permissible under the Constitution?
a. original jurisdiction
b. strict construction
c. judicial review
d. stare decisis
What type of standing to sue permits a small number of people to sue on behalf of all other people in similar circumstances?
a. criminal
b. statute
c. class action
d. justiciable
Proponents of which of the following believe that it is appropriate for judges to make bold policy decisions when doing so is necessary to address pressing societal needs?