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Unit 5 Test: Molecular Genetics

Last updated over 3 years ago
15 questions
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Section 1: DNA & RNA

5

The process of creating an mRNA strand from one side of DNA is called:

5

Using the strand of mRNA below along with either of the codon charts, place the amino acids in the correct order.


  1. Met
  2. Asn
  3. Arg
  4. Ser
  5. Stop
  6. Lys
  7. Phe
  8. Glu
  9. Thr
  10. Tyr
5

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

5

Suppose a mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and this alters the resulting mRNA that is transcribed. Examine the original and mutated mRNA sequences below and describe how the mutation impacts the resulting protein using either of the codon charts. You may check your work here.

mRNA from original DNA:


mRNA from mutated DNA:



5

Suppose a mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and this alters the resulting mRNA that is transcribed. Examine the original and mutated mRNA sequences below and describe how the mutation impacts the resulting protein using either of the codon charts. You may check your work here.

mRNA from original DNA:


mRNA from mutated DNA:




5

Suppose a mutation occurs in a portion of DNA and this alters the resulting mRNA that is transcribed. Examine the original and mutated mRNA sequences below and describe how the mutation impacts the resulting protein using either of the codon charts. You may check your work here.

mRNA from original DNA:


mRNA from mutated DNA:


Section 2: SARS-CoV-2

Watch the first video below, Infection, which shows how SARS-CoV-2 infects and replicates inside human cells.
Get ready to answer Question 13 now
Identify the parts of the SARS-CoV-2 virus
5

Type the correct part of the virus, indicated by the number 7, in the space below.

5

Type the correct part of the virus, indicated by the number 8, in the space below.

5

Type the correct part of the virus, indicated by the number 9, in the space below.

5

Place the steps of infection in the correct order

  1. The RNA from the virus is released into the human cell.
  2. The viral RNA is transcriped into more copies that are then translated into more proteins and more complete strands of Viral RNA.
  3. The proteins and RNA use the cell's membrane to form a new virus.
  4. Viruses travel to the surface of the human cell and are released outside the cell.
  5. SARS-CoV-2 is brought into the body through the mouth or nose.
  6. The human cell's ribosome will translate the viral RNA into proteins including RNA polymerase.
  7. The virus uses protein spikes to bind to specific recepters on a human cell.
Watch the second video below, Evolution, which shows how SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses may change over time due to mutations.
10

Using your knowledge of mutations and the graph from the CDC, how would you classify the Delta variant based on current data:

Watch the third video below, Detection, which shows several ways to test whether someone has been infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Watch the fourth and final animation, Vaccination, which shows how different types of vaccinations for SARS-CoV-2 prevent disease.
5

How do DNA and mRNA vaccines produce spike proteins? Drag each item into the correct category.

  • Has an artificial membrane to allow it into the human cell
  • Completes the translation process to create spike proteins that mimic SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins
  • Is brought into a cell through an inactivated adenovirus
  • Completes transcription prior to translation
  • mRNA
  • DNA
  • Both
5

The way that genetic variation appears in a population is through:

1) Through new genetic combinations through meiosis
2) Errors occurring during the replication process
OR
3) Mutations caused by environmental factors.

Make a Claim: Based on what you have watched in the videos, as well as what we have learned in class, which type of mutation do you hypothesize led to the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2?

15

Provide Evidence:
Use evidence, from the videos and prior classwork, to justify the claim you made in the above question.

15

Claim and Evidence:
What would happen to the effectiveness of an original vaccination if a mutation in the virus caused the protein spike to change?
Make a claim that answers the question, then support that claim with evidence. What did you learn about mutations that would support your claim?