Greek Heroes Study Guide

Last updated almost 4 years ago

63 questions

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Library

Greek Heroes Study Guide

Last updated almost 4 years ago

63 questions

1

34

1

2

1

3

1

3

1

10

1

10

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

10

1

4

1

Why did Hera hate Hercules?

He violated the sanctity of one of her temples. 

He gave the Golden Apple to Aphrodite, proclaiming her the fairest.

He trapped her in a chair. 

He was the product of another one of Zeus' affairs. 

Why did Heracles have to accomplish the 10 12 labors?

He wanted to do great deeds to achieve everlasting fame. 

Hera drove him mad and he killed his family; so he did the labors to purify himself.

He needed money. 

He was told if he did, he would get his throne back. 

Why did the labors increase from 10 to 12?

Eurystheus claimed Heracles cheated on two tasks and declared them invalid. 

Heracles committed another atrocity and needed additional purification.

Hera said she would stop hounding him if he did 2 more tasks. 

Heracles couldn't complete 2 of the original 10. 

Which of the following labors was deemed invalid by Eurystheus?

The Augean Stables

Cerberus

The Hydra

The Ceryneian Hind

How did Alcmene, Heracles' mother, become pregnant with him?

His father, Aegeus, got drunk while visiting her father,  Pittheus, king of Troezen.

Zeus came to her in the form of a Golden Shower. 

Zeus appeared to her in the guise of her husband while he was away. 

A prophecy said Alcemene's son would be greater than his father, so Zeus had her marry a mortal, Amphitryon.

Indicate if the following adventures were accomplished by Perseus, Heracles, the Argonauts, Theseus or Odysseus. At least 1 of them can go with more than 1 hero.

Women of Lemnos
Rescuing Andromeda
Clubbing Periphetes to death
Augean stables
Golden Apples of the Hesperides
Cyclops
Cerberus
Tying Sinis to two trees and tearing him apart
Clashing Rocks
Calydonian Boar
Kicking Sciron off of a cliff
Killing Medusa
Ceryneian Hind
Cretan Bull
Phineus and the Harpies
Calypso
Charybdis
Scylla
Defeating the Minotaur
Circe
Stretching Procrustes to death
Chimera
Rescuing Eurydice from Hades
Sirens
Lotus Eaters
Lernaean Hydra
Golden Fleece
Nemean lion
Belt of Hippolyta

Perseus
Heracles
Argonauts
Theseus
Odysseus
Bellerophon
Orpheus
Atlanta

How did Heracles die?

He fell off a cliff. 

He was napping under the Argo when a beam broke and fell on his head. 

His wife inadvertantly gave him a poison shirt that burst into flames. 

He lived happily for a long time and died of old age. 

Why did Perseus’ grandfather King Acrisius lock his mother, Danae, in a bronze dungeon?

He received a prophecy that said that the child of his daughter Danae would grow up to kill him. 

She was a monster.

She misbehaved. 

He knew Zeus was attracted to her. 

How did Danae become pregnant with Perseus?

Zeus came into the bronze room in the form of a Golden Shower.

Zeus came to her disguised as her husband while he was away. 

His father, Aegeus, got drunk while visiting her father,  Pittheus, king of Troezen.

A prophecy said Danae's son would be greater than his father, so Zeus had her marry a mortal, Amphitryon.

Why did Perseus agree to bring Polydectes the head of Medusa?

Polydectes agreed to give Perseus the throne if he did. 

To achieve everlasting fame by doing great deeds. 

He agreed to give it to Polydectes as a wedding gift. 

To atone for killing his family. 

How did Medusa become a hideous Gorgon, with snakes for hair, claws, and wings?

She was born that way.

Athena punished her because she had an affair with Poseidon in her temple.

Hera was mad at her. 

It was punishment for killing her family

Who were the Graeae?

Half women half bird creatures who lured sailors to their death by singing

3 old women oracles who shared one eye and one tooth between them 

Women who had murdered their husbands

Nymps who guarded Hera's apples

How did Perseus kill Medusa?

He drove a wooden stake through her eye. 

He didn't. She turned him to stone. 

Using his shield as a mirror, he chopped off her head.

He got her drunk, and while she was sleeping he cut off her head. 

On his way home after after defeating Medusa, Perseus made another stop to help a someone in distress. Who did he help?

Medea

Andromeda

Circe

Phineas

How did Perseus stop Polydectes from marrying his mother?

He gave him a poisoned shirt that burned Polydectes alive. 

He turned Polydectes to stone by showing him the head of Medusa.

He dropped the Argo on Polydectes. 

He turned Polydectes into a pig and ate him. 

What happened to Acrisius, grandfather of Perseus?

He was struck by a discus thrown by Perseus

He lived a long and happy life. 

He put on a poisoned shirt that burned him alive. 

He was napping under the Argo when a beam fell on his head. 

What fate did Perseus finally meet?

He put on a poisoned shirt that burned him alive. 

He was struck by a discus thrown by Acrisius.

He was napping under the Argo when a beam fell on his head. 

He lived a long and happy life. 

Jason set out to claim the golden fleece because:

He wanted to revenge his mother’s death

He needed to atone for killing his family. 

He wanted to take back the throne

He wanted to achieve everlasting fame by doing great deeds. 

The island of Lemnos was inhabited by:

Ruthless giants

Bloodthirsty giants

Vengeful gods

Foul-smelling murderers

The Golden Fleece was guarded by:

A group of sirens

A sphinx

A dragon

A three headed dog

For the second task, Jason was given serpent teeth that sprouted into

Witches

Ghosts

Warriors

Dragons

Absyrtus’ was killed:

By Heracles

In battle

In cold blood by Jason and Medea

By drowning

Who helped Jason get the Golden Fleece?

Circe

Athena

Medea

Calypso

What eventually happened to Jason and Medea?

They lived happily ever after.

Jason divorced Medea and she killed their children and his new wife. 

They became gods and lived on Mount Olympus. 

They were stranded on a desert island. 

How did Aethra become pregnant with Theseus?

Aethra's father got Aegeus drunk. Also, Poseidon visited her the same night. 

Poseidon married her to a mortal, Aegeus, because she was foretold to give birth to someone who would be greater than their father. 

Poseidon came to her in the form of a golden shower.

Poseidon appeared to her in the form of her husband, Aegeus. 

What did Theseus’ father do to ensure that his child could claim their birthright?

Aegeus buried a sword and a pair of shoes under a large heavy boulder for his future son. 

Lock Theseus in a bronze room and would reward him once he escaped.

Sent him on a quest to kill Medusa. 

Made him retrieve the Golden Fleece.

When Theseus was preparing to go to Athens, why did Theseus take the land route?

It was the less dangerous route. 

He wanted to do great deeds like his hero, Heracles. 

It was the only route. 

It was the quicker route.

When Theseus arrived at Athens, who did he find staying with his father?

Athena

Circe

Medea

Calypso

Why did Ariadne help Theseus?

To win back her throne. 

To gain everlasting fame by doing great deeds. 

She was in love with him. 

To atone for killing her family. 

Who was the father of Bellerophon?

Glaucus

Heracles

Zeus

Poseidon

Why was Bellerophon exiled from his hometown?

he tried to fly to the top of Mount Olympus

he flew too close to the sun

he accidentally killed his brother

he accidentally killed his grandfather

How did Bellerophon get in trouble with the king who purified him?

Bellerophon was driven mad by Hera and mudered the king's family. 

The kings daughter helped Bellerophon complete the impossible tasks set by her father.

Anteia, the wife of the king, fell in love with Bellerophon but he rejected her. 

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

Why did Hera hate Hercules?

He violated the sanctity of one of her temples. 

He gave the Golden Apple to Aphrodite, proclaiming her the fairest.

He trapped her in a chair. 

He was the product of another one of Zeus' affairs. 

Why did Heracles have to accomplish the 10 12 labors?

He wanted to do great deeds to achieve everlasting fame. 

Hera drove him mad and he killed his family; so he did the labors to purify himself.

He needed money. 

He was told if he did, he would get his throne back. 

Why did the labors increase from 10 to 12?

Eurystheus claimed Heracles cheated on two tasks and declared them invalid. 

Heracles committed another atrocity and needed additional purification.

Hera said she would stop hounding him if he did 2 more tasks. 

Heracles couldn't complete 2 of the original 10. 

Which of the following labors was deemed invalid by Eurystheus?

The Augean Stables

Cerberus

The Hydra

The Ceryneian Hind

How did Alcmene, Heracles' mother, become pregnant with him?

His father, Aegeus, got drunk while visiting her father,  Pittheus, king of Troezen.

Zeus came to her in the form of a Golden Shower. 

Zeus appeared to her in the guise of her husband while he was away. 

A prophecy said Alcemene's son would be greater than his father, so Zeus had her marry a mortal, Amphitryon.

Indicate if the following adventures were accomplished by Perseus, Heracles, the Argonauts, Theseus or Odysseus. At least 1 of them can go with more than 1 hero. 

Women of Lemnos

Rescuing Andromeda

Clubbing Periphetes to death

Augean stables

Golden Apples of the Hesperides

Cyclops

Cerberus

Tying Sinis to two trees and tearing him apart

Clashing Rocks

Calydonian Boar

Kicking Sciron off of a cliff

Killing Medusa

Ceryneian Hind

Cretan Bull

Phineus and the Harpies

Calypso

Charybdis

Scylla

Defeating the Minotaur

Circe

Stretching Procrustes to death

Chimera

Rescuing Eurydice from Hades

Sirens

Lotus Eaters

Lernaean Hydra

Golden Fleece

Nemean lion

Belt of Hippolyta

Perseus

Heracles

Argonauts

Theseus

Odysseus

Bellerophon

Orpheus

Atlanta

How did Heracles die?

He fell off a cliff. 

He was napping under the Argo when a beam broke and fell on his head. 

His wife inadvertantly gave him a poison shirt that burst into flames. 

He lived happily for a long time and died of old age. 

Why did Perseus’ grandfather King Acrisius lock his mother, Danae, in a bronze dungeon?

He received a prophecy that said that the child of his daughter Danae would grow up to kill him. 

She was a monster.

She misbehaved. 

He knew Zeus was attracted to her. 

How did Danae become pregnant with Perseus?

Zeus came into the bronze room in the form of a Golden Shower.

Zeus came to her disguised as her husband while he was away. 

His father, Aegeus, got drunk while visiting her father,  Pittheus, king of Troezen.

A prophecy said Danae's son would be greater than his father, so Zeus had her marry a mortal, Amphitryon.

Why did Perseus agree to bring Polydectes the head of Medusa?

Polydectes agreed to give Perseus the throne if he did. 

To achieve everlasting fame by doing great deeds. 

He agreed to give it to Polydectes as a wedding gift. 

To atone for killing his family. 

How did Medusa become a hideous Gorgon, with snakes for hair, claws, and wings?

She was born that way.

Athena punished her because she had an affair with Poseidon in her temple.

Hera was mad at her. 

It was punishment for killing her family

Who were the Graeae?

Half women half bird creatures who lured sailors to their death by singing

3 old women oracles who shared one eye and one tooth between them 

Women who had murdered their husbands

Nymps who guarded Hera's apples

How did Perseus kill Medusa?

He drove a wooden stake through her eye. 

He didn't. She turned him to stone. 

Using his shield as a mirror, he chopped off her head.

He got her drunk, and while she was sleeping he cut off her head. 

On his way home after after defeating Medusa, Perseus made another stop to help a someone in distress. Who did he help?

Medea

Andromeda

Circe

Phineas

How did Perseus stop Polydectes from marrying his mother?

He gave him a poisoned shirt that burned Polydectes alive. 

He turned Polydectes to stone by showing him the head of Medusa.

He dropped the Argo on Polydectes. 

He turned Polydectes into a pig and ate him. 

What happened to Acrisius, grandfather of Perseus?

He was struck by a discus thrown by Perseus

He lived a long and happy life. 

He put on a poisoned shirt that burned him alive. 

He was napping under the Argo when a beam fell on his head. 

What fate did Perseus finally meet?

He put on a poisoned shirt that burned him alive. 

He was struck by a discus thrown by Acrisius.

He was napping under the Argo when a beam fell on his head. 

He lived a long and happy life. 

Jason set out to claim the golden fleece because:

He wanted to revenge his mother’s death

He needed to atone for killing his family. 

He wanted to take back the throne

He wanted to achieve everlasting fame by doing great deeds. 

The island of Lemnos was inhabited by:

Ruthless giants

Bloodthirsty giants

Vengeful gods

Foul-smelling murderers

The Golden Fleece was guarded by:

A group of sirens

A sphinx

A dragon

A three headed dog

For the second task, Jason was given serpent teeth that sprouted into

Witches

Ghosts

Warriors

Dragons

Absyrtus’ was killed:

By Heracles

In battle

In cold blood by Jason and Medea

By drowning

Who helped Jason get the Golden Fleece?

Circe

Athena

Medea

Calypso

What eventually happened to Jason and Medea?

They lived happily ever after.

Jason divorced Medea and she killed their children and his new wife. 

They became gods and lived on Mount Olympus. 

They were stranded on a desert island. 

How did Aethra become pregnant with Theseus?

Aethra's father got Aegeus drunk. Also, Poseidon visited her the same night. 

Poseidon married her to a mortal, Aegeus, because she was foretold to give birth to someone who would be greater than their father. 

Poseidon came to her in the form of a golden shower.

Poseidon appeared to her in the form of her husband, Aegeus. 

What did Theseus’ father do to ensure that his child could claim their birthright?

Aegeus buried a sword and a pair of shoes under a large heavy boulder for his future son. 

Lock Theseus in a bronze room and would reward him once he escaped.

Sent him on a quest to kill Medusa. 

Made him retrieve the Golden Fleece.

When Theseus was preparing to go to Athens, why did Theseus take the land route?

It was the less dangerous route. 

He wanted to do great deeds like his hero, Heracles. 

It was the only route. 

It was the quicker route.

When Theseus arrived at Athens, who did he find staying with his father?

Athena

Circe

Medea

Calypso

Why did Ariadne help Theseus?

To win back her throne. 

To gain everlasting fame by doing great deeds. 

She was in love with him. 

To atone for killing her family. 

Who was the father of Bellerophon?

Glaucus

Heracles

Zeus

Poseidon

Why was Bellerophon exiled from his hometown?

he tried to fly to the top of Mount Olympus

he flew too close to the sun

he accidentally killed his brother

he accidentally killed his grandfather

How did Bellerophon get in trouble with the king who purified him?

Bellerophon was driven mad by Hera and mudered the king's family. 

The kings daughter helped Bellerophon complete the impossible tasks set by her father.

Anteia, the wife of the king, fell in love with Bellerophon but he rejected her. 

Bellerophon abandoned the king's daughter on a deserted island. 

Why did King Proteus want to kill Bellerophon?

Anteia falsely accused Bellerophon of assaulting her. 

Bellerophon was driven mad by Hera and mudered the king's family.

Bellerophon abandoned the king's daughter on a deserted island.

The kings daughter helped Bellerophon complete the impossible tasks set by her father.

What was Bellerophon's quest?

To kill the Minotaur. 

To kill the Chimera. 

To retrieve the Golden Fleece.

To retrieve Medusa's head.

Which god/s aided Bellerophon in his quest?

Poseidon led Bellerophon to Pegasus.

Hermes have him the cap of invisibility and winged sandals. 

Athena gave him a golden bridle.

Zeus gave him a sword. 

How did Bellerophon die?

He was sleeping under the Argo when one of its beams broke and fell on his head. 

His wife gave him a poisoned shirt that burst into flame when he put it on.

He died of old age after a long and happy life. 

He tried to fly to the top of Mount Olympus and was struck down by Zeus. 

For what skill was Orpheus most famous?

his speed

his strength

his singing and music playing

his archery skills

What epic thing did Orpheus do and to whom did he speak?

Orpheus killed the Nemean Lion, the Lernean Hydra, and the Chimera.

Orpheus retrieved the Golden Fleece.

Orpheus travelled to the Underworld, charmed his way past Charon and Cerberus, and made his way to the palace to talk to Hades and Persephone.

Orpheus killed Medusa and used her head to kill the sea monster, Cetus. 

What happens to Orpheus’ head in particular?

The band take it with them on tour in Egypt. 

Orpheus' head keeps singing and telling prophecies after his death. It floats down the river Hebron until it lands on the island of Lesbos, where the people worship it as an oracle. 

It curses Hercules, delaying his apotheosis. 

Cerberus uses it as a chew toy. 

In the very end, what happens to the shades of Orpheus and Eurydice?

In the very end, the shades of Orpheus and Eurydice meet up and spend eternity walking together, side by side.

They are raised to Olympus. 

They replace Hades and Persephone as king and queen of the Underworld. 

They are never able to find each other in the Underworld. 

Which of the following happened to Atalanta in her childhood?

She was visited by the goddess Demeter

She was rescued by a bear.

She was attacked by 2 centaurs but she killed them both. 

She was found and raised by hunters. 

When King Oeneus assmebled a group of heroes to hunt the boar, how did the other hunters feel about Atalanta joining their party?

They didn't care one way or the other about a woman joining their hunting party. 

They were happy to have a woman join them and welcomed Atalanta with open arms.

They were unhappy to have a woman join their hunting party. 

They were intimidated because they had heard about how fierce a hunter Atalanta was. 

What happened during the hunt? (Select all that apply)

Atlanta was the first to harm the bow, shooting it with an arrow. 

Chaos - the boar killed two hunters before they could hurt it; one hunter was accidentally killed by the spear of another.

Atalanta was unable to help kill the boar. 

Meleager eventually killed the boar, striking it in the heart. 

Atalanta's father wanted her to be married, but she did not want to marry. What did a suitor have to accomplish before Atalanta would marry them?

They had to defeat Atalanta's father in a chariot race. 

They had to defeat Atalanta in a foot race. 

They had to kill the Calydonian Boar. 

They had to retrieve the Golden Fleece.

How was Atalanta defeated in the race?

Hippomenes distraced Atalanta with Golden Apples given to him by Aphrodite?

Hippomenes replaced the linchpin of her father's chariot with one of wax, which melted during the race, causing the chariot to crash and killing her father. 

Hippomenes was simply faster than Atalanta. 

Atalanta fell in love with Hippomenes at first sight and let him win the race. 

What unhappy fate befell Atalanta and Hippomenes?

They were killed by the Calydonian Boar. 

They attempted to fly to Olympus on Pegasus and were struck down by Zeus. 

Medea gave Atalanta a poisoned wedding dress which burst into flames when she put it on. 

They (accidentally) desecrated the temple of a god and were punished by being turned into lions. 

Who was not invited to the wedding of Peleus and Thetis?

Athena

Eris

Aphrodite

Hera

Who did Paris give the apple to? 

Aphrodite

Hera

Eris

Athena

Who came up with the idea of the Trojan Horse?

Agamemnon

Odysseus

Menelaus

Achilles

Of all the Greek heroes who fought at Troy, who was the only one to have a quick and uneventful voyage home?

Odysseus

Nestor

Menelaus

Agamemnon

Why did Clytemnestra  murder Agamemnon?

He abandoned her on an island. 

He wanted to divorce her and marry someone else. 

He had sacrificed their daughter, Iphigenia, in order to allow the Greek fleet to sail to Troy.

He refused her offer of immortality. 

Who keeps trying to prevent Odysseus from returning home?

Calypso

Poseidon

Circe

Athena

Place these events in the order in which they occurred:

Circe

Voyage to the Underworld

Scylla & Charybdis

Island of the Lotus Eaters

Calypso

The Cyclopes, Polyphemus

Sirens

Aeolus’ bag of winds

Cannibal Giants

Helios’ cattle

Why does Poseidon try to stop Odysseus from returning home?

For stealing the Palladium. 

Revenge for blinding the cyclops, Polyphemus.

For murdering Absyrtus in cold blood. 

For attacking someone in his temple. 

What must a suitor accomplish to marry Penelope?

Bring back the Golden Fleece.

Bring back Medusa's head. 

String a bow and shoot an arrow through 12 axe heads. 

Win a chariot race.

After Odysseus slays all the suitors, how does Penelope know it is really Odysseus?

He has a scar on his thigh from a boar wound. 

He knows the secret that their bed cannot be moved because one post is a rooted tree. 

She recognizes his sword. 

Athena says he is Odysseus. 

Now match the stages in the Hero's Journey to the adventures of Percy Jackson:

Call to Adventure

Percy Jackson attends a boarding school in New York for troubled children. He get’s bullied by the other students and tries to protect his friend Grover. He is unaware if his connection to the gods.

Inmost Cave:

Zeus’s master bolt is stolen and Percy is blamed for the theft. Unless the bolt is returned, Zeus will declare war. Percy’s teacher attacks him and he realizes there is a supernatural force at work. He learns that he is a halfblood.

Return:

Percy is trained how to use his powers and how to fight by Chiron. His companions during the journey are Grover, his protector on the quest; and Annabeth, a fierce warrior and intellectual tactician on his adventure.

Ordeal:

On his journey to camp halfblood, Percy is attacked by a minotaur, who kills Percy’s mother. He leaves his ordinary world and enters into the world of the camp and it’s trainees. Here he receives the quest to go to the underworld.

Approach:

Percy travels with to collect the three pearls. Along the journey they face many tests: Gnome Gardens and Medusa, St. Louis Arch and Chimera, Ares and the tunnel of love, Casino and lotus folowers, etc.

Crossing the Threshold

As they escape from the lotus casino, the see the Hollywood sign with the note “Woe to all depraved souls” in Greek. The path opens up and the meet the ferryman who takes them to Hades or Underworld.

Resurrection & Reward:

In Hades Percy must face the fear of losing his mother again and failing her. He must leave the loss to the minotaur behind and gain the courage to be a true to his identity as part god and use his own given powers for victory and to save his mother.

Ordinary World

Percy must defeat Ares, the god of war. Percy was framed making it look like he stole the bolt. He defeats Ares by using his true powers, water.

Meeting the Mentor

Percy uses the three pearls to rescue Annabeth, his mother and himself from the underworld. He retrieves the lightning bolt.

Tests, Allies, & Enemies:

At the Empire State Building, Percy encounters the final challenge in Luke the Lightning Thief, and uses Poseidon’s trident to defeat Luke and return the bolt to Zeus before the deadline.

Place these events in the Hero's Journey in the order in which the hero normally encounters them:

Resurrection & Reward: the hero literally or figurative is resurrected, is transformed with new knowledge, and often receives a reward for their victory or quest.

Ordeal: the hero faces the central, primary conflict, and has to defeat the true antagonist in the story.

Call to Adventure: unique circumstances or “herald” event causes the hero to leave their ordinary life to pursue a “quest”.

Crossing the Threshold: the point of no return where the hero leaves their ordinary world and begins their quest.

Return: the hero returns to their ordinary world with new wisdom and respect from their old peers. They have mastered their fears and enemies.

Inmost Cave: where the hero confronts and overcomes their inner conflicts and fears.

Approach: the hero moves through a series of threatening challenges that lead toward the ultimate challenge.

Meeting the Mentor: the hero is matched with a wiser, experienced person to train and prepare them.

Tests, Allies, & Enemies: during a series of test/trials, the hero forms allies and confronts enemies.

Ordinary World: the hero starts in a state of discontent or frustration with their current life.

What is xenia?

A voluntary police force who patrolled country roads.

A mode of public transportation

a hotel chain in ancient Greece

guest friendship

Which of the following describe the rules of  conduct for xenia?

The host may ask the traveler’s name and place  of origin after the guest has eaten, .

The host should accept a traveler who comes by, and offer him a bath and a meal only after asking for the person’s name.

The guest does not have a responsibility to treat his host’s house and possessions with respect as well as to  provide his name and background when asked.

When  the guest is taking his leave of his host, the two will  exchange gifts as tokens of their newfound friendship.

How did the other residents of Philemon and Baucis' town respond to Zeus and Herme's request for food and lodging?

They all offered hospitality to Zeus and Hermes. 

They tried to rob Zeus and Hermes. 

No one offered hospitality to Zeus and Hermes. 

They tried to kill Zeus and Hermes. 

How did Baucis recognize Zeus and Hermes as gods?

The goose jumped in Zeus lap. 

She saw Zeus' thunderbolt. 

She recognized Hermes' winged hat, staff, and sandals. 

The wine pitcher remained full after drinking lots of wine. 

In addition to becoming temple guardians, what other wish did Philemon and Baucis request?

To live forever. 

To become gods and live on Mount Olympus. 

To die at the same time, so neither would live without the other. 

To become constellations. 