Genetics Review

Last updated almost 4 years ago

This is review of items that were taught in 7th grade science.

Vocabulary

__________    A characteristic that an organism can pass to offspring through genes

______________   A physical trait you CAN see

______________   An allele that is masked (hidden/not seen) when a dominant allele is present

_____________   An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when it is present

______________   Any chromosome that is NOT a sex chromosome

______________   Changing the structure of a gene; can be an insertion, deletion, or rearrangementComplete sets of genes present in a cell or organism

_____________  The genetic makeup of an organism (Traits you CAN'T see)

Other Answer Choices:

Dominant

Mutations

Recessive

Phenotype

Autosomes

Trait

Genotype

_____________    Form the cells; control cell processes (large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body)

____________    Complete sets of genes present in a cell or organism

________________    Microscopic strands made of DNA; 
46 in each human 23 from one parent, 23 from the other parent

_________    Set of information that controls a trait

_____________    Study of heredity

____________    The different forms of a gene
  
_____________  The passing of traits from parent to offspring

Other Answer Choices:

Heredity

Genomes

Genetics

Chromosomes

Proteins

Gene

Alleles

Inheriated vs Aquired

______________  Trait you are born with

_____________  Trait you gain over time

Other Answer Choices:

Acquired

Inherited

Match the triat with if it is inherited or aquired

Your traits

My Traits

Chin
__________

Hairline
__________

Dimples
__________

Hair Color
__________

Hair Type
__________

Freckles
__________

Eye Color
__________

My Traits

Ears
__________

Folding Hands
__________

Tounge
__________

Handed
__________
*Note: Handedness is influenced by multiple factors, including genetics, environment, and chance.

Colorblind
__________

Achoo Syndrome
__________

Sighted
__________

Bent Little Finger
__________

Punnett Square Practice 

In Punnett Squares...
 ____________  letters represent dominant traits.
______________  letters represent recessive traits.

Other Answer Choices:

lowercase

capital

A Punnett Square is made up of FOUR boxes.
Each box represents the probability of that trait/gene combination being the one the offspring will have. 
The percentage for each box is _______%

________________________    Two Matching Dominant Genes

_________________________  Two Matching Recessive Genes

_________________  One Dominant and One Recessive Gene (The dominant gene will be visible and the recessive gene will be hidden)

Other Answer Choices:

Homozygous Dominant

Homozygous Recessive

Heterozygous

AA __________
Pp __________
tt __________
gg __________
Ll __________
TT __________

You are looking at the possibility of the color of eyes a child will have.
With the dominant (E) brown eyes over the recessive (e) blue eyes.
Parent 1 has homozygous recessive (ee). Parent 2 has Heterozygous (Ee)                                                          

                                                             Parent 2: Ee

                                                         __________      __________ 

                            __________      __________       __________ 
Parent 1 ee
                            __________      __________       __________ 


Brown Eye (EE, Ee) Chances: __________%
Blue Eye (ee) Chances: __________%

In dogs, the gene for fur color has two alleles.
The dominant allele (F) codes for grey fur. The recessive allele (f) codes for black fur. 
The Female dog is Heterozygous (Ff), The male dog is homozygous recessive (ff).         

                                                             Parent 2: ff

                                                         __________      __________ 

                            __________      __________       __________ 
Parent 1 Ff
                            __________      __________       __________ 


Grey Fur (FF, Ff) Chances: __________%
Grey Fur (ff) Chances:  __________%

In dogs, the gene for fur color has two alleles.
The dominant allele (F) codes for grey fur. The recessive allele (f) codes for black fur. 
The female dog has black fur (ff). The male dog has black fur (ff).

                                                             Parent 2: ff

                                                         __________      __________ 

                            __________      __________       __________ 
Parent 1 ff
                            __________      __________       __________ 


Grey Fur (FF, Ff) Chances: __________%
Black Fur (ff) Chances:  __________%

In dogs, the gene for fur color has two alleles.
The dominant allele (F) codes for grey fur. The recessive allele (f) codes for black fur. 
The female dog is heterozygous (Ff). The male dog is heterozygous (Ff).
                                                                      
                                                                       Parent 2: Ff

                                                         __________      __________ 

                            __________      __________       __________ 
Parent 1 Ff
                            __________      __________       __________ 


Grey Fur (FF, Ff) Chances: __________%
Black Fur (ff) Chances:  __________%

In fruit flies, red eyes are dominant (E). 
White eyes are recessive (e).
The female fly has white eyes (ee)  and the male fly has homozygous dominant red eyes (EE)                                                 

                                                             Parent 2: EE

                                                         __________      __________ 

                            __________      __________       __________ 
Parent 1 ee
                            __________      __________       __________ 


Red Eye (EE, Ee) Chances: __________%
White Eye (ee) Chances: Blank __________%

Hairy knuckles are dominant (H), 
While non-hairy knuckles are recessive (h).
The female is homozygous recessive (hh) and the male is homozygous dominant (HH)

                                                             Parent 2: hh

                                                 _______        _______ 

                            _______      _______       _______ 
Parent 1 HH
                            _______      _______       _______ 


Hairy Knuckles (HH, Hh) Chances: _______%
Non-Hairy Knuckles (hh) Chances: _______%

Cats with bobtails are recessive (t) 
Normal tails are dominant (T).
The female is homozygous recessive (tt) and the male is heterozygous (Tt)

                                                             Parent 2: tt

                                                  _______      _______ 

                            _______      _______       _______ 
Parent 1 Tt
                            _______      _______       _______ 


Normal Tail (TT, Tt) Chances: _______%
Bobtail (tt) Chances: _______%

Having a widow's peak is dominant (A) 
and not having one is recessive (a).
If one parent is (Aa), and he and the other (Aa), what are the possible phenotypes and genotypes of their children?

                                                             Parent 2: Aa

                                                  _______      _______ 

                            _______      _______       _______ 
Parent 1 Aa
                            _______      _______       _______ 


Widow's Peak (AA, Aa) Chances: _______%
No Widow's Peak (aa) Chances: _______%

	Inherited Traits	Aquired Traits
Natural Hair Color
Memories
Knowledge
Having Freckles
Eye Color
Calluses