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30.2 - Homework - The Amoeba Sisters: Mutations

Last updated over 1 year ago

35 Nsɛmmisa

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2.

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1.

Label the diagram with the following words from the word bank:
Word bank: DNA base deletion DNA base substitution DNA base insertion

Model the different types of mutations by manipulating the base G.

Original DNA strand:

ATA CGA TTC AAT

Substitution mutation

DNA:

mRNA:

Insertion mutation

DNA:

mRNA:

Deletion mutation

DNA:

mRNA:

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3.

DNA framshifts are caused by (adding) or (removing) DNA. Frameshifts are usually not good for an organism and leads to death. Every amino acid brought by before the mutation will be good but after deleting or removing DNA every made after is incorrect. So an incorrect protein is made.

null

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

deleting

amino acid

tRNA

inserting

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4.

The following shows...

Substitution of the wrong base into the DNA code

Insertion of an extra base into the DNA code

Deletion of a base from the DNA code

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5.

The image below shows the mutation known as "". In this type of mutation an is added to the DNA code. The extra base added in this example is .

null

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

DNA substition

diatom

thymine

uracil

cytosine

extra base

DNA insertion

adenine

guanine

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6.

The type of mutation seen below is a . The reason why is because a DNA base was from the DNA sequence. The DNA then shifts in the frame.

null

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

removed

DNA insertion

added

DNA substitution

DNA deletion

Asemmisa {{asɛmmisaAhyɛnsode}}

7.

The image below shows an example of...

nondisjunction in meiosis.

DNA substitution mutation where an inappropriate base is placed into the DNA.

translocation in a chromosome.

a silent mutation.

Question 8

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Question 9

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Question 10

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Question 11

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Question 12

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Question 13

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Question 14

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Question 18

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Question 19

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Question 20

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Question 21

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Question 22

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Questions 23 & 24

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Question 25

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Question 26

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Question 27

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Question 28

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Question 29

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Question 30

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Question 31

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Question 32

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Question 33

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Question 34

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Question 35

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9.

Which of these is a nucleic acid

sucrose

RNA

DNA

glucose

cholesterol

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10.

Select all of the options that can undergo mutations.

animals

bacteria

plants

viruses

fungi

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12.

Silent mutations can have a neutral effect. Which of these is an example of a silent mutation

mRNA codon is mutated from GCU to UCU and instead of adding an alanine, a serine is added instead.

mRNA codon is mutated from AUU to AUG and instead of adding a leucine a mehtionine is added instead.

mRNA codon is mutated from AUU to AUC but both codons code for isleucine so the mutation is not a problem.

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13.

Word bank: helpful harmful yellow love random

Mutations can be or helpful. All mutations are .

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14.

What are some external and internal factors that can cause mutations.

A chemical that causes a mutation on someones skin

An event that messes up DNA replication and or protein synthesis during interphase

Radiation can cause mutations from exposure.

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15.

Word bank: traits proteins genes

DNA makes up . Genes code for . Proteins influence different

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16.

When a gene or peice of DNA is mutated, this can effect the _________ made, which effects the organisms traits.

proteins

sugars

lipids

bilayers

time

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17.

Substitution means...

a base was deleted from the DNA or RNA code

a base was added to the DNA or RNA code

a base was

the wrong base is matched

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18.

Insertion is when...

the wrong bases are matched.

bases are switched in the DNA code.

an extra base or bases are added into the DNA code.

a base or bases are added into the DNA code.

Asemmisa {{asɛmmisaAhyɛnsode}}

19.

A deletion is when..

bases are flipped.

an extra base or bases are added into a DNA sequence

the bases are matched incorrectly in the DNA code.

a base or bases are removed from the DNA sequence.

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20.

Which of these types of mutaions have the potential to be very dangerous?

Substitution mutation

Insertion mutation

Deletion mutation

Silent mutation

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21.

Bases are read in

three's

fives

two's

fours

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22.

Since DNA is read in threes. Inserting (insertions) or removing a base (deletions) could effect

the energy of the base

everything after it

nothing, the mutation would be silent

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24.

Select all of the possible muations that create a frame shift:
Mutation A- No mutation
Normal DNA:
ATA GCA TGA
DNA when mutated:
ATA GCA TGA
mRNA:
UAU CGU ACU

Mutation B- Insertion
Normal DNA
GCT GAA TAU
DNA when mutated:
GCA TGA ATA U
mRNA:
CGU ACU UAU A

Mutation C- Deletion
Normal DNA:
GAT GCA CGU
DNA when mutated:
CUA GUG CA
mRNA:
GAU CAC GT

Mutation C

Mutation B

Mutation A

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26.

Word bank: duplicates grows shines breaks makes

In a chromosomal deletion mutation, some of the genetic material off.

null

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27.

Word bank: chromosome reversed

null

Chromsomal inversion is when genetic material is broken off and then . The genetic material is then inserted back into the in an inverted way.

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29.

Word bank: DNA replication meiosis senthetics polygenics

Mutations can occur at very vulnerable times like during . But mutation can also happen during .

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30.

Word bank: divide

Meiosis is when sex cells . Sometimes when the sex cells divide they do not separate the chromosomes equally, this is called .

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31.

Nondisjunction can result in an egg or sperm with

destroyed aspirations.

extra chromosomes or missing chromomsomes

stem cells that are inaccurately placed

energyized cells that perform incorrect functions

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32.

Hemoglobin is in your red blood cells and helps you carry

oxytocin

glucose

myosin

oxygen

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33.

In sickle cell anemia, the gene for making hemoglobin is

validated

crushed

mutated

stretched

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34.

Word Bank: shape hemoglobin oxygen

null

A mutation in the gene that makes , can lead to the red blood cell having an odd . This odd effects its ability to carry .

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35.

One of the intersting benefits about sickle cell anemia is that carriers of the diease can have an immunity to...

typhus

agrophobia

malaria

photosynthesis