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31.1 - Homework: Evolution by Natural Selection

Last updated 11 months ago
17 questions
An English naturalist named Charles Darwin
went on a voyage around the world. He noticed
that animals in similar environments had similar
characteristics.

For example, in the Galapagos islands,
Darwin observed similar but non-identical species of finches on each island. He noticed that their beaks seemed to be adapted to their food source. After some time thinking and reading the work of other scientists, Darwin proposed his theory of natural selection. This states that all living things
evolved from a common ancestor.

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Word Bank: adapted offspring resources more

Here's how Darwin's theory of Evolution works:

1. Not all individuals survive and reproduce, due to predators or competition for _______ .
2. Only individuals that are well _______ to their environment will survive & reproduce.
3. These individuals will pass on their beneficial traits to their _______ .
4. Over many generations, the species has evolved so that the beneficial trait is _______ common and the less beneficial is less common or even eliminated.
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Complete the example of Natural Selection by filling in the words in the word bank.

Word Bank: evolved black habitat mutation camouflaged variation predators survive reproduce trait

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Natural selection changes the range of traits in a population - there are 3 ways it can change. Let’s look at a moth population that shows variation in its color, from light to dark brown. Show what would happen if this population moved into each scenario shown below.

Word Bank: dark against habitat light camouflaged lichen predators extremes decrease

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According to the video, in what types of populations does genetic drift have a more drastic effect?

Sentence Starter: According to the video, genetic drift has a more drastic effect in..

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Genetic drift is _______ (driven by chance) and that is why natural selection does not come into play.

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The founder effect is when

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What example does the video give of a founders effect?

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An example of a bottleneck effect given by the video is..

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A bottleneck effect is when..

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Your Answers must be in complete sentences!!!

Explain how that finches being separated over long periods of time created different species of finches (long beaks, short beaks, etc.)

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When populations are separated, what generally happens?

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Without gene flow...

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When populations of animals are ______________ for long periods of time, the individuals of that population might look completely ______________. If this continues to happen for many years, the animals might not be able to __________.

This is how new species can be made. For example, Darwins finches were separated for so long that they developed different features than neighboring ____________, especially beak sizes. Now each finch is a ________________.
Other Answer Choices:
separated
different
new species
finches
watchful
breed
chicken
external