2016 STAAR Grade 8 Social Studies

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African American families divided by slavery were reunited.

Newly free men and women moved west to claim land.

African American men voted in the 1872 presidential election.

Newly free men and women were allowed to apply for U.S. citizenship.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Harriet Tubman

Phillis Wheatley

against increased power for the national government

for the dissolution of state governments

against the passage of a bill of rights

for the creation of a strong executive branch

Founded as work colonies for debtors

Former slave states

Were havens for religious dissenters

Former Spanish colonies

Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent country.

Competing Seminole and Spanish claims in West Florida were resolved.

The British navy agreed to stop pressing American sailors into service.

British territory in eastern Canada was ceded to France.

Manufacturers argued that slavery discouraged the development of industry.

Farmers argued that using slave labor was expensive and inefficient.

Quakers argued that slavery violated Christian principles.

Puritans argued that the slave trade encouraged materialism.

Disruption in trade contributed to domestic industrial growth.

Small farmers benefited from higher export prices for grain crops.

The sale of treasury bonds to international companies was prohibited.

New trade alliances resulted in increased foreign investment.

By reducing the number of slaves needed for growing cotton

By increasing the time needed to cultivate cotton

By increasing the profitability of slavery

By reducing the demand for raw cotton

Manufacturers instituted a five-day workweek.

Labor laws required factories to provide a safe working environment.

Workers were required to attend schools to develop technical skills.

Production of goods transitioned from homes to factories.

He was against removing American Indians from their native lands.

He favored the policy of popular sovereignty in the Kansas and Nebraska territories.

He was committed to fulfilling the goals of Manifest Destiny.

He opposed the extension of slavery west of the Mississippi River.

By providing economic opportunities for women in urban areas

By expanding the participation of women in social reform

By increasing the number of women teachers in rural areas

By securing the establishment of private universities for women

Members of both groups were captured under the Fugitive Slave Law.

Unlike freedmen, escaped slaves were welcome in the gold mines of California.

Members of both groups could be sold in Washington, D.C., slave markets.

Unlike escaped slaves, freedmen could vote in the territories of the Mexican Cession.

The assembly served as a model for other colonial legislatures.

Colonists used the assembly to overrule decisions of the royal governor.

The assembly sent delegates to Parliament to represent Virginia.

The king revoked Virginia’s charter because the assembly became too powerful.

method to purchase territory from foreign powers

procedure for military takeovers of existing countries

process through which states could be added to the Union

compromise line that prohibited slavery in the West

Maryland

Virginia

South Carolina

Georgia

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The Mayflower Compact

The Articles of Confederation

The Virginia Declaration of Rights

The Declaration of Independence

punish plantation owners for the use of slavery

support Radical Reconstruction objectives in the South

promote the activities of the Freedmen’s Bureau

limit the impact of the Thirteenth Amendment

The river had provided direct access to the Union’s base of military operations.

Losing control of the river removed the physical barrier between slave and free states.

The river had provided the Confederacy with a power source for factories and mills.

Losing control of the river divided the Confederacy in two and cut off its supplies.

First Amendment

Fourth Amendment

Fifth Amendment

Tenth Amendment

The economic demands of the plantation system

The construction needs of the railroad

Increased textile manufacturing

Increased western migration

“Each House shall be the Judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualifications of its own Members. . . .”

“The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States. . . .”

“The Senate shall chuse their other Officers, and also a President pro tempore. . . .”

“The Times, Places and Manner of holding Elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof.”

Federalism

Due process

A bicameral legislature

The social contract

Massive unemployment resulting from British occupation

Political unrest during an economic recession

Famine caused by a major crop failure

Civil war between Catholics and Protestants

Colonists sought military support from France.

Colonists organized boycotts of British goods.

Colonists signed the Declaration of Independence

Colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor.

Radical Republicans took control of Congress.

Congress imposed taxes on cotton imports to pay war debts.

The Thirteenth Amendment was approved by Congress.

Congress repealed legislation regulating railroad construction.

The public voting for candidates based on religious affiliations

The president rewarding political supporters with appointments to desirable positions

The federal government recruiting volunteers to serve abroad as ambassadors

Legislators awarding government contracts to the lowest bidders

granted to citizens by their government

natural and possessed at birth

protected under religious doctrine

defined by the courts

To promote free enterprise

To extend democracy

To expand empires

To found utopian communities

prevent the concentration of power in the executive branch

ease the eligibility requirements for holding federal office

keep state officials from exerting undue influence on presidential elections

reduce the likelihood of disputed outcomes in presidential elections

Tall mountains, a long shoreline, and fertile soil

A temperate climate, vast grasslands, and plentiful lakes

Dense forests, natural harbors, and swift rivers

Natural harbors, an arid climate, and rocky soil

caused many American Indian tribes to create written constitutions

provided education to American Indians through locally run schools

limited the voting rights of American Indians

harmed the communal structure of American Indian society

Bank War

Nullification Crisis

Corrupt Bargain

XYZ Affair

Italy

China

Germany

Japan

taxation without representation

the doctrine of judicial review

territorial expansion to the west

the extent of federal power

The Jacksonian era

The antebellum era

The Federalist era

The Reconstruction era

Cities in the South emerged as centers for textile mills.

Immigrants settled in the Midwest to establish small farms.

Slavery increased in the Northeast as industrialization expanded.

Plantation systems in the South were replaced by large businesses.

success of social reform movements in the United States

migration of settlers to the U.S. frontier

natural landscape of the United States

environmental effects of U.S. industrialization

Speaker 1

Speaker 2

Speaker 3

Speaker 4

permanent housing for immigrants in urban areas

canals that linked the Midwest to the Northeast

a transcontinental railroad

a harbor on the Mississippi River

It increased the number of immigrants settling in northern states.

It provided financing for canal construction.

It rapidly expanded railroad construction in southern states.

It temporarily relieved sectional tensions.

colonial Settlements

protective Tariffs

permanent Alliance

territorial Disputes

States have the power to regulate public education.

People can choose whether and how to participate in religious services.

Persons accused of a crime are presumed innocent until proven guilty.

Citizens have the right to be judged by a jury of their peers.

The Second Great Awakening motivated people to join reform movements.

Manifest Destiny inspired many people to become homesteaders

Jacksonian Democracy allowed more people to vote in elections

The Industrial Revolution encouraged people to pursue jobs in cities.

“For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever . . .”

“For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighbouring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government . . .”

“He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public Records.”

“He has endeavoured to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners.”

strike down any law that the court deems unconstitutional

decide the outcome of contested election results

overturn any impeachment that the court deems unsupported by evidence

mediate disputes related to commerce between states

oversee state government agencies

regulate the creation of new businesses

establish a national bank

eliminate protective tariffs

It helped establish the tradition of self-government.

It was the first attempt to combine political and religious laws.

It established the concept of unalienable rights.

It outlined a plan for independence from British rule.

Abolishing slavery throughout the United States

Occupying all of North America

Withdrawing from foreign affairs

Returning to an agrarian economy

higher consumer costs

decreased profits for investors

less consumer choice

more efficient production of goods