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Psychology Chapter 2: Psychological Methods Test
By Gregory Jones
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20 questions
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Question 1
1.
Psychologists come up with research questions based on
everyday experiences and common sense.
other research studies
both a and b
Question 2
2.
One method that helps researchers gather information from many people is
a case study
a survey
a replication
Question 3
3.
To ensure that a sample represents a target population, researchers select
people at random from the target population
a large number of people from one subgroup
a slightly larger percentage of people from certain subgroups
Question 4
4.
Men have traditionally taken part in psychological studies more often than women because
older studies drew participants from the military and universities
they were offered higher fees for participating
) women distrusted the early schools of psychology
Question 5
5.
The testing method of observation investigates human behavior through
personality tests.
aptitude tests
both a and b
Question 6
6.
The case-study method of observation was practiced by
B.F. Skinner
Wilhelm Wundt
Sigmund Freud
Question 7
7.
Scientists are cautious about making generalizations from case studies because
such observations occur in a controlled laboratory setting
case studies cannot always be replicated
case studies do not include information from other sources
Question 8
8.
The longitudinal method is concerned with observing
the ways in which people change over time
how people behave under controlled conditions.
people's views on a particular subject
Question 9
9.
The greatest drawback of the longitudinal method is that participants in the study
do not know whether they are receiving the treatment
may drop out
may not act the same way outside the laboratory
Question 10
10.
The cross-sectional method charts changes over time by
observing one group of participants over a certain period of time
surveying people who are the same age about their personal histories
comparing participants from different age groups
Question 11
11.
Observing the way people eat in restaurants is an example of
laboratory observation
a survey
naturalistic observation
Question 12
12.
"Skinner boxes" are examples of
naturalistic observation
laboratory observation
random samples
Question 13
13.
After making their observations, scientists study their data using
correlation
the cross-sectional method
ying yang thang
Question 14
14.
In an experiment, it is useful to have a control group to
help minimize the effects of volunteer bias
ensure that the target population is represented
show the effect of the treatment and no other factors.
Question 15
15.
A placebo is often as effective as taking a medication because
it is given under laboratory conditions
a person's expectations affect the results of a treatment
it has a negative correlation with health.
Question 16
16.
A double-blind study is sometimes needed because researchers
may have expectations that affect their observations
are bound by a code of ethics
may not have time for a longitudinal study
Question 17
17.
Psychologists keep the records of their research participants confidential to
encourage participants to tell the truth
make double-blind studies more effective
avoid the placebo effect.
Question 18
18.
According to the American Psychological Association, psychologists can deceive participants in an experiment
only in tests for experimental drugs
if there will be no harmful effects from the study.
to get enough participants in a dangerous study
Question 19
19.
Scientists sometimes replicate a study using different participants in order to
make sure the findings are true for different groups of people
prove a positive correlation between two factors.
test whether or not there was volunteer bias
Question 20
20.
Most human experiments do not include children because
unforeseen consequences to the child's psyche
don't know the impact that the study will have on children
both a and b