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A2 - How Genes Produce Proteins?

Last updated almost 3 years ago
21 questions
DNA in the nucleus of the cell contains the coded instructions to make the proteins that play critical roles in the body. Proteins provide structure and support for cells; they work as enzymes and regulate the body’s tissues and organs.
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DNA codes instructions to make

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How many chromosomes does each human cell have?

DNA is composed of building blocks known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of a sugar, a phosphate, and a base group.

The nucleotides are identified by the following bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These bases pair together to form a double-stranded DNA molecule. Adenine pairs with thymine.
Cytosine pairs with guanine.
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The building blocks of DNA are known as...

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What is each nucelotide made up of?

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3.

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What are the 4 nucleotides that make up DNA?

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  • Adenine pairs with
  • Cytosine pairs with
  • Thymine
  • Guanine
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Rephrase this in your own words

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  • The ribosome uses the sequence to make new proteins
  • RNA takes the sequence to the ribosome
  • DNA needs to be unziped and nueclotides copied into RNA
  • The first step of protein synthesis
  • The second step of protein synthesis
  • The third step of protein synthesis
The order of the nucleotides in DNA is the code that carries information about which proteins the cells should build. During replication, cells make copies of DNA molecules before they divide to form new cells. During normal cellular functioning, the information in DNA is copied to a molecule called ribonucleic acid, or RNA.

A type of RNA called messenger RNA carries the information copied from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes located in the cytoplasm of the cell. This process is known as transcription.
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Word Bank:
RNA
divide
copies

In DNA replication, cell make _______ of DNA molecules before they _______ to form new cells. DNA is copied into a molecule called ribonucleic acid, otherwise known as _______.
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Messenger RNA carries information copied from...

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Messenger RNA (mRNA) carried information copied from DNA to the...

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The process of making DNA into RNA and then taking RNA to the ribosomes is called...

At the ribosome, the RNA’s message is translated into a protein. The process of making proteins from RNA is called translation. When RNA is used to build a protein, the specific sequence of bases encodes a specific protein. If the sequence of bases is transcribed or translated incorrectly, the protein may not function properly. The types of proteins your body makes determine your traits.

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According to the text, the process of making proteins from RNA is called _______.
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What happens if the sequences if bases is transcribed or translated incorrectly?

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The types of proteins your body makes determines...