Seismic and Volcanic hazards: key terms/concepts

Last updated over 3 years ago

20 questions

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5

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5

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1

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1

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8

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2

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1

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1

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6

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1

Library

Seismic and Volcanic hazards: key terms/concepts

Last updated over 3 years ago

20 questions

Required

1

Required

1

Required

1

On the map suggest where the deepest (measured by focus depth) earthquakes may occur

Required

1

Required

1

Required

5

Identify 5 different factors that can influence the impact of an earthquake event

Required

1

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1

Required

5

Required

1

Required

1

Required

1

Required

8

Required

2

Draw an annotated diagram to expain the formation of caldera volcanoes

Required

1

Required

1

Name four secondary hazards associated with volcanoes

Required

6

Required

1

Which two of the waves listed below are surface waves?

Primary (P)

Secondary (S)

Rayleigh

Love

Which of these definitions refers to the focus of an earthquake

Small earthquakes preceeding a large rupture

The point on the earth surface where shaking is first felt

The point under the earth's surface where the plates move and seismic energy is released

A series of small earthquakes that follow a large earthquake.

Required

1

On the map suggest where the deepest (measured by focus depth) earthquakes may occur

Which of the descriptions below matches a strike slip fault?

The moving plate moves upwards

The moving plate drops downwards

The moving plate moves horizontally

True or false: surface waves can travel through the earths core

True

False

Identify 5 different factors that can influence the impact of an earthquake event

Which of the names below refer to ways of measuring earthquakes that are commonly used today

Richter scale

Momement Magnitude Scale

Energy Magnitude 

Shapiro-Wilk Scale

Which of the factors below contributed to the worsening of the Haiti earthquake disaster in 2010? Tick all that apply

Match the geobite to the characteristic

Which of the definitions below is refering to ejecta?

Any solid that is emitted from a volcano

Any material, soild, liquid or gas, tht is emitted from a volcano

Small solids, a few microns to millimeters in diameter

Large boulders emitted from the caldera of a volcano in an explosive eruption.

Which of the definitions below is refering to Tephra?

Any solid that is emitted from a volcano

Any material, soild, liquid or gas, tht is emitted from a volcano

Small solids, a few microns to millimeters in diameter

Large boulders emitted from the caldera of a volcano in an explosive eruption.

Which of the combination of factors below cause volcanic eruptions?

Low pressure under the surface, release of magma and stable gases.

High pressure under the surface, addition of magma to the magma chamber, exsolving of gases.

Low density magma being trapped under lava.

	Most viscous	Least viscous	Greatest amount of exsolved gases	Greatest silica content	Found at divergent plate margins	Formed by oceanic crust being subducted under oceanic crust (island arcs)	Forms acid cone volcanoes	Associated with fissure volcanoes
Ryolitic
Andesitic
Basaltic

Draw an annotated diagram to expain the formation of caldera volcanoes

Lava dome volcanoes require viscous magma to form

True

False

Which of these descriptions fit a pyroclastic flow (select all that apply)

Which of the hazards below can be found at constructive/divergent plate margins?

Name four secondary hazards associated with volcanoes

Match the volcano geobite to the key characteristic

	Runny lava covering roads and homes, forcing evacuation	Phreatic eruption which took tourists by surprise	Thich deposits of ash caused the capital to be relocated	Eruption caused a tsunami	Large ash clouds and pyroclastic flows	Supervolcano that is also a caldera and could change the climate!
Kilauea
Nyiragongo
Mount Etna
Montserrat
Yellowstone
White Island
Mount Ontake
Tonga
Mount St Helens

All volcanoes occur on land

True

False

Which two of the waves listed below are surface waves?

Primary (P)

Secondary (S)

Rayleigh

Love

Which of these definitions refers to the focus of an earthquake

Small earthquakes preceeding a large rupture

The point on the earth surface where shaking is first felt

The point under the earth's surface where the plates move and seismic energy is released

A series of small earthquakes that follow a large earthquake.

Which of the descriptions below matches a strike slip fault?

The moving plate moves upwards

The moving plate drops downwards

The moving plate moves horizontally

True or false: surface waves can travel through the earths core

True

False

Which of the names below refer to ways of measuring earthquakes that are commonly used today

Richter scale

Momement Magnitude Scale

Energy Magnitude 

Shapiro-Wilk Scale

Which of the factors below contributed to the worsening of the Haiti earthquake disaster in 2010? Tick all that apply

Culture of immobilisation

Destruction of the presidential palace and loss of government ministers

Being at war limited the aid that was given

Cholera outbreak due to infection UN soldiers disposing of human waste into a river that was used as a drinking source.

High levels of education and training about earthquakes led to over confidence

Collpase of prisons led to escaped convicts and subsequent looting

Damage to airpoints caused a back log of aid supplies which couldn't be quickly taken to areas where they were needed.

Live crowd sourced data being geolocated/mapped helped recue services reach afflicted people.

Poor planning and no full time seismologists 

Lack of building codes or means of enforcing them led to many buildings collapsing. 

Match the geobite to the characteristic

Wooden buildings set on fire

Avalanches

Extensive landslides

Lead to a tsunami

Tsunami lead to failure of a nuclear plant

Haiti 2010

Kobe 1995

Kashmir 2005

Nepal

Sendai/Tohuko

Which of the definitions below is refering to ejecta?

Any solid that is emitted from a volcano

Any material, soild, liquid or gas, tht is emitted from a volcano

Small solids, a few microns to millimeters in diameter

Large boulders emitted from the caldera of a volcano in an explosive eruption.

Which of the definitions below is refering to Tephra?

Any solid that is emitted from a volcano

Any material, soild, liquid or gas, tht is emitted from a volcano

Small solids, a few microns to millimeters in diameter

Large boulders emitted from the caldera of a volcano in an explosive eruption.

Which of the combination of factors below cause volcanic eruptions?

Low pressure under the surface, release of magma and stable gases.

High pressure under the surface, addition of magma to the magma chamber, exsolving of gases.

Low density magma being trapped under lava.

Most viscous

Least viscous

Greatest amount of exsolved gases

Greatest silica content

Found at divergent plate margins

Formed by oceanic crust being subducted under oceanic crust (island arcs)

Forms acid cone volcanoes

Associated with fissure volcanoes

Ryolitic

Andesitic

Basaltic

Lava dome volcanoes require viscous magma to form

True

False

Which of these descriptions fit a pyroclastic flow (select all that apply)

Ground hugging

Mixture of ash and rainwater

Moves downslope

Slow moving

Contains extremely hot gases (up to 900oc)

They can incinerate, bury and crush objects which lie in their path

Which of the hazards below can be found at constructive/divergent plate margins?

Lava flow

Nuess Ardentes

lava fountains

volcanic blocks

large ash clouds

Volcanic gases

Match the volcano geobite to the key characteristic

Runny lava covering roads and homes, forcing evacuation

Phreatic eruption which took tourists by surprise

Thich deposits of ash caused the capital to be relocated

Eruption caused a tsunami

Large ash clouds and pyroclastic flows

Supervolcano that is also a caldera and could change the climate!

Kilauea

Nyiragongo

Mount Etna

Montserrat

Yellowstone

White Island

Mount Ontake

Tonga

Mount St Helens

All volcanoes occur on land

True

False