AP Biology Benchmark #9 Photosynthesis

Last updated 4 months ago

17 questions

Instructions

1

Library

AP Biology Benchmark #9 Photosynthesis

Last updated 4 months ago

17 questions

Instructions

For multiple choice questions: Select the best answer.

1

Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.

1

An absorption spectrum indicates the relative amount of light absorbed across a range of wavelengths. The graphs above represent the absorption spectra of individual pigments isolated from two different organisms. One of the pigments is chlorophyll a, commonly found in green plants. The other pigment is bacteriorhodopsin, commonly found in purple photosynthetic bacteria. The table above shows the approximate ranges of wavelengths of different colors in the visible light spectrum.

3

6

2

The following diagram represents an experiment with isolated thylakoids. The thylakoids were first made acidic by soaking them in a solution at pH 4. After the thylakoid space reached pH 4, the thylakoids were transferred to a basic solution pH 8. The thylakoids then made ATP in the dark.

5

2

For multiple choice questions: Select the best answer.

In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?

Use the following figure to answer the question.
The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

Aerobic bacteria take up oxygen, which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis.

Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths.

Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light.

Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a.

Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism, thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

NADPH →→ chlorophyll →→ Calvin cycle

NADPH →→ electron transport chain →→ O2

H2O →→ photosystem I →→ photosystem II

H2O →→ NADPH →→ Calvin cycle

NADPH →→ O2 →→ CO2

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.

Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.

Only heterotrophs require oxygen.

Only heterotrophs have mitochondria.

Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

The mechanism of photophosphorylation is most similar to which of the following processes?

Select the most accurate statement describing the basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the trapping of light energy.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the production of glucose.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse.

Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules; cellular respiration releases energy from complex organic molecules.

Photosynthesis is catabolic; cellular respiration is anabolic.

Photosynthesis occurs only in plants; cellular respiration occurs only in animals.

Which of the following processes would be most directly affected if a thylakoid membrane is punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma?

synthesis of ATP

flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I

splitting of water

reduction of NADP+

An absorption spectrum indicates the relative amount of light absorbed across a range of wavelengths. The graphs above represent the absorption spectra of individual pigments isolated from two different organisms. One of the pigments is chlorophyll a, commonly found in green plants. The other pigment is bacteriorhodopsin, commonly found in purple photosynthetic bacteria. The table above shows the approximate ranges of wavelengths of different colors in the visible light spectrum.

3

Identify the pigment (chlorophyll a or bacteriorhodopsin) used to generate the absorption spectrum in each of the graphs above. Explain and justify your answer.

6

In an experiment, identical organisms containing the pigment from Graph II as the predominant lightcapturing pigment are separated into three groups. The organisms in each group are illuminated with light of a single wavelength (650 nm for the first group, 550 nm for the second group, and 430 nm for the third group). The three light sources are of equal intensity, and all organisms are illuminated for equal lengths of time. Predict the relative rate of photosynthesis in each of the three groups. Justify your predictions.

2

Bacteriorhodopsin has been found in aquatic organisms whose ancestors existed before the ancestors of plants evolved in the same environment. Propose a possible evolutionary history of plants that could have resulted in a predominant photosynthetic system that uses only some of the colors of the visible light spectrum.

The following diagram represents an experiment with isolated thylakoids. The thylakoids were first made acidic by soaking them in a solution at pH 4. After the thylakoid space reached pH 4, the thylakoids were transferred to a basic solution pH 8. The thylakoids then made ATP in the dark.

5

Draw an enlargement of part of the thylakoid membrane in the beaker with the solution at pH 8. Draw ATP synthase. Label the areas of high H+ concentration and low H+ concentration. Show the direction protons flow through the enzyme, and show the reaction where ATP is synthesized.

2

State whether ATP would end up in the thylakoid or outside of it. Explain why this the location of ATP creation is important for photosynthesis in a normal chloroplast.

2

Explain why the thylakoids in the experiment were able to make ATP in the dark.

In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?

thylakoid membrane

plasma membrane

inner mitochondrial membrane

A and C

A, B, and C

Use the following figure to answer the question.
The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

Aerobic bacteria take up oxygen, which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis.

Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths.

Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light.

Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a.

What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?

Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light.

Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released.

Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.

Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.

Which of the following statements describes a relationship that Engelmann's experiment helped to determine?

the relationship between wavelength of light and the rate of photosynthesis

the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and the rate of photosynthesis

the relationship between wavelength of light and the rate of aerobic respiration

the relationship between wavelength of light and the amount of heat released

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

NADPH →→ chlorophyll →→ Calvin cycle

NADPH →→ electron transport chain →→ O2

H2O →→ photosystem I →→ photosystem II

H2O →→ NADPH →→ Calvin cycle

NADPH →→ O2 →→ CO2

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.

Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.

Only heterotrophs require oxygen.

Only heterotrophs have mitochondria.

Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

consumption of ATP

release of oxygen

regeneration of the CO2 acceptor

oxidation of NADPH

carbon fixation

The mechanism of photophosphorylation is most similar to which of the following processes?

carbon fixation.

reduction of NADP+.

oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration.

substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis.

the Calvin cycle.

Select the most accurate statement describing the basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the trapping of light energy.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy.

The basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is the production of glucose.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Cellular respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse.

Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules; cellular respiration releases energy from complex organic molecules.

Photosynthesis is catabolic; cellular respiration is anabolic.

Photosynthesis occurs only in plants; cellular respiration occurs only in animals.

Which of the following processes would be most directly affected if a thylakoid membrane is punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma?

synthesis of ATP

flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I

splitting of water

reduction of NADP+

Identify the pigment (chlorophyll a or bacteriorhodopsin) used to generate the absorption spectrum in each of the graphs above. Explain and justify your answer.

In an experiment, identical organisms containing the pigment from Graph II as the predominant lightcapturing pigment are separated into three groups. The organisms in each group are illuminated with light of a single wavelength (650 nm for the first group, 550 nm for the second group, and 430 nm for the third group). The three light sources are of equal intensity, and all organisms are illuminated for equal lengths of time. Predict the relative rate of photosynthesis in each of the three groups. Justify your predictions.

Bacteriorhodopsin has been found in aquatic organisms whose ancestors existed before the ancestors of plants evolved in the same environment. Propose a possible evolutionary history of plants that could have resulted in a predominant photosynthetic system that uses only some of the colors of the visible light spectrum.

Draw an enlargement of part of the thylakoid membrane in the beaker with the solution at pH 8. Draw ATP synthase. Label the areas of high H+ concentration and low H+ concentration. Show the direction protons flow through the enzyme, and show the reaction where ATP is synthesized.

State whether ATP would end up in the thylakoid or outside of it. Explain why this the location of ATP creation is important for photosynthesis in a normal chloroplast.

Explain why the thylakoids in the experiment were able to make ATP in the dark.

What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?

Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light.

Bacteria congregated in these areas because these areas had the most oxygen being released.

Bacteria congregated in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.

Bacteria are attracted to red and blue light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths.

Which of the following statements describes a relationship that Engelmann's experiment helped to determine?

the relationship between wavelength of light and the rate of photosynthesis

the relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and the rate of photosynthesis

the relationship between wavelength of light and the rate of aerobic respiration

the relationship between wavelength of light and the amount of heat released

AP Biology Benchmark #9 Photosynthesis

AP Biology Benchmark #9 Photosynthesis

In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?

Use the following figure to answer the question.The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?

Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?

Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?

Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?

The mechanism of photophosphorylation is most similar to which of the following processes?

Select the most accurate statement describing the basic function of the light reactions of photosynthesis.

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

Which of the following processes would be most directly affected if a thylakoid membrane is punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma?

Identify the pigment (chlorophyll a or bacteriorhodopsin) used to generate the absorption spectrum in each of the graphs above. Explain and justify your answer.

Draw an enlargement of part of the thylakoid membrane in the beaker with the solution at pH 8. Draw ATP synthase. Label the areas of high H+ concentration and low H+ concentration. Show the direction protons flow through the enzyme, and show the reaction where ATP is synthesized.

State whether ATP would end up in the thylakoid or outside of it. Explain why this the location of ATP creation is important for photosynthesis in a normal chloroplast.

Explain why the thylakoids in the experiment were able to make ATP in the dark.

What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas?

Which of the following statements describes a relationship that Engelmann's experiment helped to determine?

Identify the pigment (chlorophyll a or bacteriorhodopsin) used to generate the absorption spectrum in each of the graphs above. Explain and justify your answer.

Draw an enlargement of part of the thylakoid membrane in the beaker with the solution at pH 8. Draw ATP synthase. Label the areas of high H+ concentration and low H+ concentration. Show the direction protons flow through the enzyme, and show the reaction where ATP is synthesized.

State whether ATP would end up in the thylakoid or outside of it. Explain why this the location of ATP creation is important for photosynthesis in a normal chloroplast.

Explain why the thylakoids in the experiment were able to make ATP in the dark.

Use the following figure to answer the question.
The figure shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?