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Evidence of the Big Bang

Last updated about 2 years ago

10 Nsɛmmisa

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10.

Base your answer on the diagram and photograph below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents the constellation Ursa Major. One star, Phecda, has been labeled. Letter X represents the location of the Messier 81 galaxy (M81), which can be observed near Ursa Major. The photograph shows the Messier 81 galaxy as viewed through a telescope.
The study of spectral lines from the Messier 81 galaxy suggests that it is moving toward Earth. Identify the color toward which these spectral lines shift when visible light from the Messier 81 galaxy is observed on Earth.

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation

In the 1920s, Edwin Hubble's discovery of a pattern in the red shift of light from galaxies moving away from Earth led to the theory of an expanding universe. This expansion implies that the universe was smaller, denser, and hotter in the past. In the 1940s, scientists predicted that heat (identified as cosmic microwave background radiation) left over from the Big Bang would fill the universe. In the 1960s, satellite probes found that cosmic microwave background radiation fills the universe uniformly in every direction, and indicated a temperature of about 3 kelvins (K). This radiation has been cooling as the universe has been expanding.

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5.

What is the approximate age of the Universe?

13.8 million

4.6 billion

14.6 billion

4.6 million

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6.

1.3 billion years

4.6 billion years

7.9 billion years

13.8 billion years

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9.

The Doppler effect predicts that light from a source moving away from Earth will be

shifted to shorter wavelengths

shifted to longer wavelengths

appear blue

appear red

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1.

Scientists infer that the universe began approximately

3.3 billion

1.0 billion

8.2 billion

13.7 billion

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2.

Which graph best shows the relationship of the size of the universe to the temperature indicated by the cosmic microwave background radiation?

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3.

Cosmic microwave background radiation is classified as a form of electromagnetic energy because it

travels in waves through space

Moves faster than the speed of light

Is visible to humans

Moves due to particle collisions

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4.

The current temperature indicated by the cosmic microwave background radiation is (Use the temperature chart on ESRT pg. 13)

Higher than the temperature at which water boils

Between the temperature at which water boils at room temperature

Between room temperature in the temperature which water freezes

Lower than the temperature at which water freezes

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7.

the existence of planets

cosmic background radiation

formation of star constellations

similar composition of Eath and the Moon

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8.

further away from us

closer to us

accelerating rapidly

already contracting toward another big bang