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According to the periodic table, how many neutrons are in a potassium atom that has an atomic mass of 41?
20
19
22
39
Use the Periodic Table of Elements to answer the following question.
Which sentence about the periodic table of elements is true?
Metals are found on the left side of the periodic table.
Metals are found on the right side of the periodic table.
All elements in group 18 are metals.
All elements in period 2 are metals.
Steel is a metal that is made from iron and carbon. During the steel making process, iron and carbon are melted, blended together, and then allowed to harden into a solid. The iron and carbon do not chemically react with each other. After steel was made, 20 samples were taken from one piece and tested. Each sample contained 98% iron and 2% carbon.
Which of the following terms best describes steel?
compound
homogeneous mixture
element
heterogeneous mixture
When magnesium (Mg) metal is burned in the presence of oxygen (O2), magnesium oxide (MgO) is produced. The properties of magnesium oxide are different than the individual properties of magnesium and oxygen because magnesium oxide is
a compound.
a mixture.
a solution.
an element.
What do the elements sulfur (S), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and bromine (Br) have in common?
They have the same thermal conductivity.
They are noble (inert) gases.
They are nonmetals.
They have the same number of protons.
Which class of elements best conducts electricity?
semimetals
nonmetals
metals
noble gases
Which of the following ordered pairs of elements shows an increase in atomic number but a decrease in average atomic mass?
Ag to Pd
Ge to Sn
Cr to Mo
Co to Ni
Iodine would have chemical properties most like
xenon (Xe)
chlorine (Cl)
manganese (Mn)
tellurium (Te)
Which of the following is the most important factor in determining an element's place in the periodic table?
Number of protons
Number of neutrons
Atomic density
Atomic charge
The atomic number of iron is 26, and the atomic mass is 55.847. What do these numbers mean in relationship to the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons?
There are 26 each of protons and neutrons and the rest of the mass is the result of electrons.
There are 26 protons and 26 electrons. Some atoms of iron have 29 neutrons; the .847 shows that there is more than one isotope of iron.
There are 26 protons and 29 neutrons. Each particle has and atomic mass of 1.
There are 26 protons and 26 neutrons. Since neutrons have slightly more mass than protons, the mass is greater than 52.
Refer to the portion of the periodic table to answer the question that follows.
Which element in this group would be the leastlikely to react with other elements?
Carbon
Neon
Boron
Oxygen
What do all of the elements listed above have in common?
They are in the same period
They have the same number of electrons
They are metals
They have four electrons in their outer shells
Jeanette is studying a substance. Which property of the substnace is chemical?
its flammability
Its melting point
its density
its temperature
The table below show the physical properties of selected metals.
A cube of an unknown metal has a volume of 2.25 cm3 and a mass of 16.2 g. Based on data in the table above, what is the identity of this metal?
chromium
polonium
ruthenium
bismuth
Which of the following trends in the periodic table should be expected as the atomic number of the halogens increases from fluorine (F) to iodine (I)?
Atomic mass decreases
Atomic radius decreases
Electronegativity decreases
Electron number decreases
Which of the following elements is a member of the halogen family and is located in period 3?
sulfur (S)
bromine (Br)
argon (Ar)
chlorine (Cl)
Which of the following statements explains why elements of the alkali metal family are highly reactive?
Alkali metals have an odd number of electrons.
Alkali metals are negatively charged.
Alkali metals have an odd number of protons.
Alkali metals are easily ionized.
Which correctly lists four atoms from smallest to largest radii?
F, I, Br, Cl
I, Br, Cl, F
Cl, S, P, Si
Si, P, S, Cl
Which statement best describes the density of an atom's nucleus?
The nucleus occupies most of the atom's volumes but contains little of its mass
The nucleus occupies very little of the atom's volume and contains little of its mass
The nucleus occupies most of the atom's volume and contains most of its mass
The nucleus occupies very little of the atom's volume but contains most of its mass
Which of the following elements can form an anion that contains 54 electrons, 74 neutrons, and 53 protons?
1s22s22p63s23p64s1 is the electron configuration for which element?
argon (Ar)
aluminum (Al)
potassium (K)
sodium (Na)
Which element has the electron configuration 1s22s22p3?
fluorine
phosphorus
boron
nitrogen
What is the Lewis dot structure for nitrogen trifluoride. (NF3)?
The table below shows the electronegativities of four elements.
Which of the following bonds is the most polar?
fluorine-fluorine
carbon-hydrogen
hydrogen-oxygen
carbon-fluorine
Which orbital notation presents an s-block element in the third period?
When salt (NaCl) is dissolving in water (H2O), what happens to the attraction between the salt ions and the oxygen atoms of the water?
The chlorine ion is attracted to the partial negative charge of the oxygen atoms
The chlorine ion is attracted to the partial positive charge of the oxygen atoms
The sodium ion is attracted to the partial positive charge of the oxygen atoms
The sodium ion is attracted to the partial negative charge of the oxygen atoms
Soda ash, or sodium carbonate, is used in glassmaking. It is composed of sodium ions and carbonate ions. Which of the following is the chemical formula of sodium carbonate?
Na4C2O6
Na(CO3)2
Na2CO3
NaCO3
The diagram below represents particles of different elements in a crystal.
What types of bond holds these particles together?
ionic
covalent
hydrogen
polar
Which of the following has the greatest mass?
1 mole of H2
3 moles of Mg
2 moles of K
4 moles of He
Which is the correct formula for aluminum oxide?
AlO2
Al3O2
Al3O6
Al2O3
Two elements in a molecule have the same electronegativity values. Which of the following most likely holds the elements together and why?
an intermolecular force, because the elements do not form a chemical bond
a nonpolar covalent bond, because the elements share electrons equally
a polar covalent bond, because the elements do not share electrons equally
an ionic bond, because electrons transfer from one element to the other
Which of the following occurs in an ionic bond?
two ions share electrons
similarly charged ions attract
two ions share protons
oppositely charged ions attract
Carbon reacts with chlorine to form CCl4. What is the name of this compound?
carbon tetrachloride
1-carbon 4-chloride
carbon 4-chloride
tetracarbon chloride
Monica made a snack for her friends by putting pretzels, peanuts, and raisins together in a bowl.
Which statement describes Monica's snack?
it is a solution because the ingredients cannot be separated
it is a mixture because each ingredient kept its original properties
it is a new element because a chemical change took place
it is a new compound because a physical change too place
Leroy combines magnesium (Mg) and fluorine (F). Based on the periodic table, which statement describes the interaction of these two elements?
Mg is a metal and F is a nonmetal that forms an ionic bond
Mg is a metal and F is a metal that forms a covalent bond
Mg is a nonmetal and F is a metal that forms an ionic bond
Mg is a metalloid and F is a nonmetal that forms a covalent bond
C3H8 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
This chemical reaction represents the combustion of propane. When correctly balanced, the coefficient for water is
16
4
2
8
A balanced chemical equation reflects the idea that the mass of the products
is greater than the mass of the reactants
equals the mass of the reactants
is less than the mass of the reactants
is not related to the mass of the reactants
Copper in the compound CuSO4 can be isolated in the following reaction with iron
Fe + CuSO4 --> FeSO4 + Cu
What type of reaction is shown here?
single replacement
double replacement
synthesis
decomposition
An unbalanced chemical equation is shown below
__Pb(NO3)2 + __K2CrO4 --> __PbCrO4 + __KNO3
Which coeffcients are needed to balance this equation?
2,4,4,3
2,4,4,6
1,1,1,2
1,6,6,2
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
freezing liquid water into an ice cube
burning a scented candle
melting a stick of butter to pour over popcorn
cutting an apple into slices
The figure below represents a reaction
What type of reaction is shown?
double replacement
decomposition
single replacement
synthesis
Solids have a definite shape and volume. This is because
the molecules in solids stay in a definite location and vibrate
the molecules in solids move freely in all directions
the molecules in solids move past each other easily
the molecules in solids do not move at all
How many moles of carbon-12 are contained in exactly 6 grams of carbon-12?
6.02 x 1023 moles
3.01 x 1023 moles
0.5 mole
2.0 mole
Which of the following shows an example of a chemical change?
Which of the following statement explains why oxygen is classified as a pure substance and air is classified as a mixture?
oxygen is more reactive than air
oxygen undergoes phase changes, whereas air is always a gas
oxygen only contains one substance, but air contains several substances
oxygen has a higher density than air
A substance that has a melting point of 1074 K conducts electricity when dissolved in water, but does not conduct electricity in the solid phase. The substance is most likely
a molecular solid
a metallic solid
a network solid
an ionic solid
Which terms describe a substance that has a low melting point and poor electrical conductivity?
ionic and molecular
covalent and molecular
covalent and metallic
ionic and metallic
Which elements are both classified as metalloids?
B and C
Si and P
Ge and As
Bi and Po
If the formula of the oxide of metal M is MO, what is the most probable formula of the chloride of metal M?
MCl2
MCl3
MCl
M2Cl
In an experiment, 12.0 grams of solid carbon reacted with oxygen gas to form 44.0 grams of carbon dioxide gas. How many grams of oxygen reacted with the carbon?