in the Southwest where Anasazis presided.

in Mexico and South America where the Incas, Aztecs, and Mayans presided.

in the Northeast where the Iroquois Nation presided.

in Cahokia within the Mississippi Valley.

convert Indians to the Protestant faith.

find treasures in gold and silver.

seize settlements established by the French.

expand the Spanish Empire to include more inhabitants.

that was what they called themselves.

the Vikings had first called them by that name.

it was a form of the Spanish word for heathen.

he believed that he found an alternate route to India.

He designed and implemented it.

He performed marriages between Spanish explorers and enslaved native women.

He considered it immoral and protested it.

He convinced Moctezuma to provide slaves to Spanish settlements.

The Spanish colonies experienced intermingling between European and Native American populations to such an extent that racial categories ceased to be recognized.

The Spanish developed a race-based caste system that defined the status of Europeans, Native Americans, Africans, and people of mixed race in their colonies.

Native Americans, Africans, and Europeans were all integrated into Spanish colonial society on an equal basis.

The Spanish colonies developed a social hierarchy based on economic status rather than on racial categories.

Their fear of Indians prevented them from venturing too far from the town.

They wasted time looking for gold.

They lacked leaders to organize efficient hunting and fishing parties.

They had neither weapons nor fishing gear.

Too many unemployed farmers in England who were desperate for work

The quest for riches in the New World

Advertisements promising vast, free land awaiting them in the colonies

An opportunity for self-government

New Englanders were more likely to migrate as families.

New Englanders had a shorter life expectancy.

The Chesapeake colonies had a more diversified economy.

Chesapeake colonists enjoyed better weather and a healthier climate.

growing tensions between the Indians of New England and English settlers.

the tension between freedmen and landowners.

a war fueled by the rivalry of Queen Elizabeth and King Philip.

the growing tension between Protestants and Catholics.

American’s unwillingness to trade with the French West Indies

Growing desire of Americans to trade with other nations in addition to Britain.

Lack of any British regulations regarding trade with foreign nations.

British demand to halt the importation of slaves

It would put a heavy burden on the colonial economy.

It was imposed by a Parliament in which they had no representation.

It disproportionately affected the middle and lower classes.

It was imposed by King George III without Parliamentary approval.

All of the slaves who fled to aid the Americans were freed after the war.

Thousands of blacks enlisted to fight on both sides of the War for their freedom.

Free blacks were permitted to join the colonial army, but enslaved blacks were barred from military service.

Britain rejected black recruits as members of their army.

a formal statement of separation from England.

the influence of John Locke.

a list of complaints against King George III.

the abolition of slavery.

representation in the Senate would be apportioned to the state population.

representation in both the House and Senate became equal.

representation in the House of Representatives became equal.

the Senate would consist of two members of each state.

the individual liberties of the people, a strong central government

the prerogatives of Congress, the president

the army and the navy, Congress

the South, the northern majority

isolationism.

Manifest Destiny.

Divine Mandate.

continentalism.

the textile industry expanded in the South.

slavery was reinvigorated.

the African slave trade was legalized.

fewer slaves were needed on the plantations.

a narrowing of the gap between rich and poor in America.

increased immigration from Europe to the United States.

a widespread increase in life spans.

numerous cases of “rags-to-riches” economic mobility for ordinary Americans.

restricted women’s moral influence on the family.

glorified the traditional role of women as homemakers.

celebrated mothers as economic role models for their children.

gave women more opportunity to seek employment outside the home.

claim the right to vote for women.

demand that the word “women” be added to the Declaration of Independence alongside the word “men.”

assert the rights of women as equals to men – morally, socially, and politically.

advocate for the creation of all-female colleges.

Longer life expectancy for Native Americans due to the introduction of the horse as an improved mode of transportation.

The destruction of up to 90% of the Native American population from diseases like smallpox.

A decline in population and livelihood for Native Americans, brought on by the introduction of African slave labor.

A dramatic increase in European populations due to improved diets from the introduction of corn.

made the buffalo less of a necessity for Native Americans.

improved European farming productivity, which led to population growth.

allowed Spanish conquerors to easily prevail over the Native Americans they encountered.

were adopted by Plains Indians and transformed the way they hunted.

it made Europeans turn away from trade with Africa,

it led to the development of race-based labor systems.

it led to the integration of Native American economies into a global system.

it turned North America into a global leader in sugar production.

Neither Spain nor Britain had any interest in converting native populations.

Spain and Britain often resorted to violence to control native populations.

Spain and Britain both largely incorporated native cultures into their lifestyles.

Neither Spain nor Britain attempted to change the native populations they encountered.

The founding of the first British colonies in Native American territory

The attempts by French settlers to acquire Native American land

The use of Native American laborers in plantation agriculture

Competition between European empires for Native American allies

To form an alliance between his people and the French

To seek his people’s freedom from French oppression

To establish commerce between his people and the English

To protect his people’s land from English colonizers

French fur traders

The king of France

Religious missionaries

British settlers

Importation of lumber and furs to the New World.

Importation of cotton, tobacco, and sugar to the New World

Importation of rum and gunpowder to the New World.

Importation of slaves and manufactured goods to the New World.

the Atlantic slave trade.

the American Revolution.

the French and Indian (Seven Years’) War.

the Pueblo Revolt.

expand British trade networks into French territories.

limit colonial encroachment on traditional tribal lands.

create a political alliance with Native American confederacies.

reduce the impact of French settlers in New England.

Increased attempts to regulate the colonial economy led many colonists to protest British rule.

Nationalist desires to compete with the French drove many colonists to attempt to expand Northward.

Population growth in the British colonies led many to seek land along the frontier between British territory and traditional tribal lands.

Repeated Native American raids of colonial outposts led to significant hostility among British colonists towards the Native Americans.

the demise of the aristocracy.

the British imperial system.

free trade as a means to economic success.

the significance of the rights of the individual.

The acquisition of Florida from Spain

The securing of navigation rights on the Mississippi River

The use of federal funds for the building of the National Road

The purchase of the Louisiana territory from France

extending United States influence over North America

warning Americans about the dangers of permanent foreign alliances

encouraging support for United States annexation of Alaska

making a case for a federal navy to patrol domestic and international waters

creating an interior empire in North America in which interaction with the United States government was primarily peaceful and mutually beneficial

prompting American Indian resistance to United States expansion and bringing about new federal government efforts focused on control

plowing under much of the Great Plains for the expansion of farming and reducing the buffalo herds on which many American Indians in the West relied

providing the foundation for a new forced-labor system in which American Indians had to submit to the control of large landholders

American Indians who willingly assimilated into American culture were allowed to stay in their original territory.

The American Indians were removed from fertile farmland and placed in a similar environment in western territory.

Many American Indians perished due to the harsh winter and lack of food and supplies during their westward journey.

The American Indians were provided protection and supplies from the United States government to ease their transition.