TEST_DE_Phys_Unit3.2-3.5

Last updated almost 3 years ago

26 questions

3.2

1

6

1

3.3 Laws of Thermodynamics

1

3.4 Electricity and Magnetism

1

5

1

3.5 Conductors and Insulators

5

1

Library

TEST_DE_Phys_Unit3.2-3.5

Last updated almost 3 years ago

26 questions

3.2

1

Vocabulary: What unit is used to measure energy.

6

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

1

3.3 Laws of Thermodynamics

1

_______ energy is described as the total potential energies and kinetic energies of the molecules of an object?

1

_______ is defined as the transfer of thermal energy through processes such as radiation, convection, or conduction.

1

3.4 Electricity and Magnetism

1

_______ law states that the electric force between charges is directly proportional to the amount of charge and inversely proportional to the distance between the charges.

5

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

1

A measure of the electrical potential difference between two points is defined as _______ .

1

3.5 Conductors and Insulators

5

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

1

Vocabulary: What unit is used to measure energy.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
thermal energy		This law states that energy can change form or be transferred but it cannot be destroyed
potential energy		energy stored due to position in a gravitational field
gravitational potential energy		the energy an object has due to its motion
chemical potential energy		energy stored due to position or configuration
kinetic energy		energy in the form of heat
Law of conservation of energy		amount of chemical energy stored in a substance

Suppose the initial kinetic energy and final potential energy in an experiment are both zero. What can you conclude?

The final kinetic energy is equal to the initial potential energy.

The final kinetic energy is zero.

The initial potential energy is zero.

The sum of the initial and final kinetic energies is zero.

What energy transformation occurs first when a compressed spring is released?

kinetic to gravitational potential

elastic potential to kinetic

elastic potential to gravitational potential

kinetic to elastic potential

A rubber ball is dropped and bounces back up after striking the ground. After the ball is released, when do the highest levels of kinetic energy occur? When do the highest levels of potential energy occur?

kinetic: just before striking the ground; potential: at the top of the bounce

kinetic and potential: just before striking the ground

kinetic and potential: at the top of the bounce

kinetic: at the top of the bounce; potential: just before striking the ground

The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is approximately 1.62 m/s . An astronaut shifts the position of a 3.00- kg rock from 1.200 m to 1.700 m above the moon's surface. What is the change in the rock's gravitational potential energy?

2.43 J

-2.43 J

14.7 J

-14.7J

When the brakes are applied in a moving car, the car's kinetic energy

transforms back into chemical potential energy.

transforms into heat due to friction in the brake pads and with the road.

remains the same, but the car's potential energy increases.

increases until the car comes to a stop

A student is building a model roller coaster. The car rolls down from a standing start at the top of the first hill, which is 2 m high. The car fails to make it up to the top of the second hill, which is 2.1 m high. Ignoring friction and air resistance, which is MOST LIKELY the source of the problem?

The car has too much mass.

The second hill is higher than the first.

The car is going too fast at the bottom of the first hill.

The first hill is too high.

_______ energy is described as the total potential energies and kinetic energies of the molecules of an object?

_______ is defined as the transfer of thermal energy through processes such as radiation, convection, or conduction.

A pie is cooked in an oven. When the pie is left out on a countertop to cool, it will eventually reach a state of ________ with its surroundings.

varying pressure

constant exchange of heat

entropy

thermal equilibrium

Thermodynamics primarily involves the study of ________.

sound and light

work and heat

electricity and magnetism

mass and volume

Which law of thermodynamics states that all processes stop at a temperature of absolute zero?

zeroth

first

second

third

In an open system, which of the following can be exchanged with the surroundings?

both matter and energy

neither matter nor energy

matter but not energy

energy but not matter

In an isolated system, which of the following can be exchanged with the surroundings?

both matter and energy

neither matter nor energy

matter but not energy

energy but not matter

Entropy is best defined as

the amount of mass in a system.

the amount of energy in an open system.

the amount of energy in a closed system.

the level of disorder of a system.

_______ law states that the electric force between charges is directly proportional to the amount of charge and inversely proportional to the distance between the charges.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
induction		a set of lines that defines the motion of charged particles near each other
electric field		a set of forces due to stationary or moving electric charges
magnetic field		describes generating an electric current when a bar magnet is moved into or out of a wire coil
photoelectric effect		a set of lines that defines the motion of charged particles near a magnet
electromagnetism		current flowing through a substance when light hits its surface, due to electrons in the surface absorbing the light's energy and breaking free

A measure of the electrical potential difference between two points is defined as _______ .

When electricity flows in a wire, what is created around the wire?

a gravitational field

resistancec

capacitance

a magnetic field

What types of properties does light have?

neither wave nor particle properties

wave properties

particles properties

both wave and particle properties

The forces between ________ are examples of electric forces.

charged particles

neutrons

masses

photons

What is the term for a packet of light?

photon

wave

electron

ray

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
insulator		a material that allows electricity, heat or sound to pass through it easily
semiconductor		the flow of electric charge in a circuit
current		a material that does not readily conduct electricity or heat
superconductor		a material that has a conductivity that is between that of an insulator and a conductor
conductor		a material that conducts electricity with zero resistance, usually at very low temperatures

Silicon is often used as a what?

superconductor

insulator

conductor

semiconductor

Describe the motion of electrons in an insulator.

The electrons in insulators are able to move about freely.

The electrons in insulators usually move in straight lines.

The electrons in insulators usually move in regular patterns.

The electrons in insulators are unable to move about freely.

thermal energy

This law states that energy can change form or be transferred but it cannot be destroyed

potential energy

energy stored due to position in a gravitational field

gravitational potential energy

the energy an object has due to its motion

chemical potential energy

energy stored due to position or configuration

kinetic energy

energy in the form of heat

Law of conservation of energy

amount of chemical energy stored in a substance

Suppose the initial kinetic energy and final potential energy in an experiment are both zero. What can you conclude?

The final kinetic energy is equal to the initial potential energy.

The final kinetic energy is zero.

The initial potential energy is zero.

The sum of the initial and final kinetic energies is zero.

What energy transformation occurs first when a compressed spring is released?

kinetic to gravitational potential

elastic potential to kinetic

elastic potential to gravitational potential

kinetic to elastic potential

A rubber ball is dropped and bounces back up after striking the ground. After the ball is released, when do the highest levels of kinetic energy occur? When do the highest levels of potential energy occur?

kinetic: just before striking the ground; potential: at the top of the bounce

kinetic and potential: just before striking the ground

kinetic and potential: at the top of the bounce

kinetic: at the top of the bounce; potential: just before striking the ground

The acceleration due to gravity on the moon is approximately 1.62 m/s . An astronaut shifts the position of a 3.00- kg rock from 1.200 m to 1.700 m above the moon's surface. What is the change in the rock's gravitational potential energy?

2.43 J

-2.43 J

14.7 J

-14.7J

When the brakes are applied in a moving car, the car's kinetic energy

transforms back into chemical potential energy.

transforms into heat due to friction in the brake pads and with the road.

remains the same, but the car's potential energy increases.

increases until the car comes to a stop

A student is building a model roller coaster. The car rolls down from a standing start at the top of the first hill, which is 2 m high. The car fails to make it up to the top of the second hill, which is 2.1 m high. Ignoring friction and air resistance, which is MOST LIKELY the source of the problem?

The car has too much mass.

The second hill is higher than the first.

The car is going too fast at the bottom of the first hill.

The first hill is too high.

A pie is cooked in an oven. When the pie is left out on a countertop to cool, it will eventually reach a state of ________ with its surroundings.

varying pressure

constant exchange of heat

entropy

thermal equilibrium

Thermodynamics primarily involves the study of ________.

sound and light

work and heat

electricity and magnetism

mass and volume

Which law of thermodynamics states that all processes stop at a temperature of absolute zero?

zeroth

first

second

third

In an open system, which of the following can be exchanged with the surroundings?

both matter and energy

neither matter nor energy

matter but not energy

energy but not matter

In an isolated system, which of the following can be exchanged with the surroundings?

both matter and energy

neither matter nor energy

matter but not energy

energy but not matter

Entropy is best defined as

the amount of mass in a system.

the amount of energy in an open system.

the amount of energy in a closed system.

the level of disorder of a system.

induction

a set of lines that defines the motion of charged particles near each other

electric field

a set of forces due to stationary or moving electric charges

magnetic field

describes generating an electric current when a bar magnet is moved into or out of a wire coil

photoelectric effect

a set of lines that defines the motion of charged particles near a magnet

electromagnetism

current flowing through a substance when light hits its surface, due to electrons in the surface absorbing the light's energy and breaking free

When electricity flows in a wire, what is created around the wire?

a gravitational field

resistancec

capacitance

a magnetic field

What types of properties does light have?

neither wave nor particle properties

wave properties

particles properties

both wave and particle properties

The forces between ________ are examples of electric forces.

charged particles

neutrons

masses

photons

What is the term for a packet of light?

photon

wave

electron

ray

insulator

a material that allows electricity, heat or sound to pass through it easily

semiconductor

the flow of electric charge in a circuit

current

a material that does not readily conduct electricity or heat

superconductor

a material that has a conductivity that is between that of an insulator and a conductor

conductor

a material that conducts electricity with zero resistance, usually at very low temperatures

Silicon is often used as a what?

superconductor

insulator

conductor

semiconductor

Describe the motion of electrons in an insulator.

The electrons in insulators are able to move about freely.

The electrons in insulators usually move in straight lines.

The electrons in insulators usually move in regular patterns.

The electrons in insulators are unable to move about freely.