6th-Chapter 1: Lesson 1.1 Learning About Health and Wellness

Physical Health

is the aspect of health that refers to how your body functions. If you have a physically healthy body, well. You are able to engage in the activities of daily life. You can also of disease, injury, and aging and maintain an active lifestyle. In other words, being physically healthy enables you to do more than walk to school or lift a bag of books. You can recover from a sprained ankle, fight off the flu, and have the energy to cope with daily stresses.

Defining Mental and Emotional Health

Mental Health

a. Describe how you and information.

b. Affects your ability to make , , and situations

Emotional Health

a. Refers to how you yourself and your and .

b. Your , , about yourself, and way of viewing the world are all parts of your .

Social Health

Can you imagine your life with no ? Living without contact from others is . Humans are who must interact and communicate with one another. Social health refers to how well you with other people.

Being socially healthy means having and relationships with others. In healthy relationships, you talk openly and honestly with family and friends. You trust others and others trust you. These are important parts of healthy relationships.

Unhealthy relationships are those that cause harm or about yourself. and give you the support you need to enjoy life and meet its challenges. Healthy relationships are among your most valuable resources.

Aspects of Health and Wellness

The (WHO) is an international organization that promotes health across the world. The WHO defines as not just the absence of disease, but as a state of complete physical, mental and emotional, and social well-being. refers to a person’s overall satisfaction that life’s present conditions are good. Figure 1.1 shows common characteristics that describe people in a state of well-being.

People in a State of Well-Being...

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

f.

g.

To achieve health, people practice wellness. is an active process that involves becoming aware of and making choices toward improving aspects of health. As you practice wellness, remember to consider all aspects of your health. This includes your physical health, mental and emotional health, and social health.

Mental and Emotional Health

Your and health has to do with your internal life—your thoughts and feelings. When you have good mental and emotional health, you can think and . You can express your and . You can cope well with . You can also realize your own skills and have a positive attitude and willingness to adapt, learn, and grow.

Sometimes people do not realize they are experiencing challenges with mental and emotional health. For example, ongoing or worry are not healthy. These ongoing feelings can keep you from doing or joining in your . Ongoing negative feelings can also affect your , , and , and prevent you from forming healthy friendships. The good news is that treatment and skills for maintaining your mental and emotional health can help you feel better.

How the Aspects of Health Are Interrelated

The aspects of your health are , meaning they all interact with and affect each other (Figure 1.3). in one aspect of your health may lead to in another. Likewise, an in one aspect of your health may lead to in other aspects. Any changes in your health can affect your well-being.

For example, suppose someone who eats well but is not active gets more activity and becomes physically fit. Improvement in can also affect all other aspects of health. Becoming more physically fit can improve how you feel about yourself and help you face challenges with a positive outlook ( ). Being more active might result in participating in new activities with friends ( ). These positive changes can improve your overall health and well-being.

How Healthcare Promotes Personal Health

Healthcare directly relates to health and wellness. Healthcare involves the and of illnesses, injuries, or diseases to and . Practicing wellness means that you do not only go to the doctor to receive treatment when you are sick. You also go to the doctor when you are well to help you stay healthy and prevent diseases (called preventive healthcare). involves getting an physical exam, checkups, screenings, and treatments for conditions such as or loss.

In the United States, healthcare comes in many forms, takes place in different settings, and is delivered by many types of professionals. The following sections will introduce you to different types of healthcare services and settings, and explore how people pay for healthcare.

Healthcare Services

The healthcare field employs than any other type of business in the United States. The field is diverse and includes many types of and healthcare services. Some professions provide highly specialized services.

People usually see their (regular doctor) to get routine checkups, diagnosis of conditions, and receive medical treatment. Physician assistants and nurse practitioners also provide primary care.

The works under the supervision of physicians and usually provides the same types of healthcare services as a physician. A has an advanced nursing education and can provide many of the same services as a doctor. Today, many people receive their primary care from physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners.

Primary care physicians may also refer their patients to who possess extra training and experience with certain types of diseases and disorders. Figure 1.4 shows the common types of specialists and the care they provide.

Healthcare Settings

Healthcare workers work in and facilities. Inpatient facilities are hospitals where patients stay while they receive , , , and . Outpatient facilities treat patients who live in the community and who do not require a hospital. Most healthcare in the United States is delivered in . These settings include the following:

• and private healthcare clinics that provide checkups, physical therapy, outpatient surgery, counseling, addiction treatment, and eye and dental care

• hospital

• or walk-in clinics

• and counseling centers in high schools and colleges

• county public health clinics

Health Insurance

Healthcare is , and most people cannot afford to pay the full cost of services. Instead, most people to help pay for healthcare costs. Most people get insurance through their or purchase insurance from a health insurance marketplace. Other health insurance options, available through the United States government, include . Medicare is insurance available for and older. Medicaid pays for healthcare costs of people , pregnant people, older adults, and people with disabilities. Because of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), young people can get coverage through their parents’ or guardians’ insurance through age 26.

There are two main types of insurance plans available for people to buy to help pay for healthcare costs. These plans are the health maintenance organization ( ) and the preferred provider organization ( ). Figure 1.5 describes these two plans.