Lesson 7 Wrap Up

Last updated almost 2 years ago

31 questions

2

1

3

1

2

1

Library

Lesson 7 Wrap Up

Last updated almost 2 years ago

31 questions

2

Explain how age relates to cancer?

2

Explain how height relates to cancer?

2

State two differences between normal and cancer cells.

2

Explain how tumors form using your knowledge of the cell cycle.

1

3

1

As cell division increases the rate of mutation __________

1

The base pair C pairs with __________ during DNA replication.

1

The base pair T pairs with __________ during DNA replication.

1

2

A gene on chromosome 17 codes for the p53 protein.

Select from the drop-down menus to correctly complete the sentence.

After the gene is __________ into mRNA the mRNA is __________ to produce the p53 protein.

2

A student created a model of a DNA sequence and its mRNA transcript, as shown.

DNA 3'- AGC CGT ATC - 5'
RNA  5'- TCG GCA TAG- 3'

Another student found a mistake in the model
Select from the drop-down menus to complete the sentence describing the correction that should be made to the model.

The __________ nucleotides in the mRNA transcript should be replaced with __________ nucleotides

1

__________ plays an important role in preventing cancer by telling cells to die when they are damaged. But this process is not always successful.

1

1

Explain how age relates to cancer?

Explain how height relates to cancer?

State two differences between normal and cancer cells.

Explain how tumors form using your knowledge of the cell cycle.

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows in size, replicates DNA, and develops.

cytokinesis

interphase

mitosis

GO

The stage of the cell cycle where the chromosomes of the cell separate and two identical cells are made.

cytokinesis

interphase

mitosis

GO

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell membranes form to divide a cell into two cells

cytokinesis

interphase

mitosis

GO

The stage of interphase with the definition

DNA replicates
Cell grows in size
Cell checks to make sure the DNA replicated correctly and cell has the proper supplies

G2
G1
S

People who have leukemia, a cancer that affects white blood cells, are often given Cytarabine. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by Cytarabine?

G1 phase

S phase

G2 phase

M phase

The diagram below represents the cell cycle.
When cells leave the cell cycle, they exit during G1 phase and then enter G0 phase, a resting period. Most normal cells can leave G0 phase and reenter the cell cycle at G1 phase before entering S phase. Cancer cells are different because they cannot enter G0 phase and are likely to do which of the following?

Fail to complete S phase

Mutate during G1 phase

Repeat the cell cycle continuously

Die after completing mitosis

Which statement describes what would most likely happen if p53 mutated and could not perform its task?

The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by adding an additional checkpoint at cytokinesis.

The cell would divide without control and produce new cells that make p53 without the mutation.

The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by using a type of lipid instead of p53.

The cell would divide without control and lead to the formation of cancer.

As cell division increases the rate of mutation __________

DNA replication results in

a mRNA strand

a protein chain

two DNA strands

two new cells

The base pair C pairs with __________ during DNA replication.

The base pair T pairs with __________ during DNA replication.

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules

each with two new strands

one with two new strands and the other with two original strands

each with one new strand and one original strand

each with two original strands

When does DNA replication occur?

all the time

before cell division

after gametes are formed

whenever it wants

A mistake in the DNA sequence is called

transcription

translation

mutation

osmosis

The model shows a mutation to a partial sequence of bases in a gene. Which type of mutation does the model represent?

deletion

insertion

substitution

translatocation

A gene on chromosome 17 codes for the p53 protein.

Select from the drop-down menus to correctly complete the sentence.

After the gene is __________ into mRNA the mRNA is __________ to produce the p53 protein.

A student created a model of a DNA sequence and its mRNA transcript, as shown.

DNA 3'- AGC CGT ATC - 5'
RNA  5'- TCG GCA TAG- 3'

Another student found a mistake in the model
Select from the drop-down menus to complete the sentence describing the correction that should be made to the model.

The __________ nucleotides in the mRNA transcript should be replaced with __________ nucleotides

In cancer cells, mutations in the DNA cause the cells to reproduce uncontrollably, forming a tumor. Cancer directly affects which cellular process?

fertilization

mitosis

osmosis

conjunction

Which of the following is a primary reason for cancer cells developing in an organism?

Cancer cells are only caused by a genetically inherited gene.

Cancer cells are the result of other pre-existing abnormalities in the body's tissues.

Cancer cells are created by mutations resulting in signals that fail to control normal cell behavior.

Cancer genes are duplicated and spread throughout the body, which affects every cell in the body.

__________ plays an important role in preventing cancer by telling cells to die when they are damaged. But this process is not always successful.

What does transcription produce?

DNA

protein

tRNA

mRNA

Which of these is the direct result of an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide?

The nuclear membrane is ruptured.

Amino acids do not bond to tRNA.

A codon sequence is incorrect.

Transportation of mRNA does not occur.

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the creation of a protein?

Amino Acid--> DNA--> RNA-->Protein

DNA --> RNA --> Amino Acid --> Protein

Protein --> DNA --> RNA --> Amino Acid

DNA --> Protein --> RNA --> Amino Acid

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell grows in size, replicates DNA, and develops.

cytokinesis

interphase

mitosis

GO

The stage of the cell cycle where the chromosomes of the cell separate and two identical cells are made.

cytokinesis

interphase

mitosis

GO

The stage of the cell cycle where the cell membranes form to divide a cell into two cells

cytokinesis

interphase

mitosis

GO

The stage of interphase with the definition

DNA replicates

Cell grows in size

Cell checks to make sure the DNA replicated correctly and cell has the  proper supplies

G2

G1

S

People who have leukemia, a cancer that affects white blood cells, are often given Cytarabine. This drug inhibits the synthesis of DNA. Which phase of the cell cycle is most affected by Cytarabine?

G1 phase

S phase

G2 phase

M phase

The diagram below represents the cell cycle.
​When cells leave the cell cycle, they exit during G1 phase and then enter G0 phase, a resting period. Most normal cells can leave G0 phase and reenter the cell cycle at G1 phase before entering S phase. Cancer cells are different because they cannot enter G0 phase and are likely to do which of the following?

Fail to complete S phase

Mutate during G1 phase

Repeat the cell cycle continuously

Die after completing mitosis

Which statement describes what would most likely happen if p53 mutated and could not perform its task?

The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by adding an additional checkpoint at cytokinesis.

The cell would divide without control and produce new cells that make p53 without the mutation.

The cell would regain control of the cell cycle by using a type of lipid instead of p53.

The cell would divide without control and lead to the formation of cancer.

DNA replication results in

a mRNA strand

a protein chain

two DNA strands

two new cells

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules

each with two new strands

one with two new strands and the other with two original strands

each with one new strand and one original strand

each with two original strands

When does DNA replication occur?

all the time

before cell division

after gametes are formed

whenever it wants

A mistake in the DNA sequence is called 

transcription

translation

mutation

osmosis

The model shows a mutation to a partial sequence of bases in a gene. Which type of mutation does the model represent?

deletion

insertion

substitution

translatocation

In cancer cells, mutations in the DNA cause the cells to reproduce uncontrollably, forming a tumor. Cancer directly affects which cellular process?

fertilization

mitosis

osmosis

conjunction

Which of the following is a primary reason for cancer cells developing in an organism?

Cancer cells are only caused by a genetically inherited gene.

Cancer cells are the result of other pre-existing abnormalities in the body's tissues.

Cancer cells are created by mutations resulting in signals that fail to control normal cell behavior.

Cancer genes are duplicated and spread throughout the body, which affects every cell in the body.

What does transcription produce?

DNA

protein

tRNA

mRNA

Which of these is the direct result of an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide?

The nuclear membrane is ruptured.

Amino acids do not bond to tRNA.

A codon sequence is incorrect.

Transportation of mRNA does not occur.

Image W is a molecule that is a double helix. Image W is

protein chain

DNA

mRNA

enzyme

The arrow labeled X represents a process where DNA is read, copied, and made into a single strand of mRNA. This process called

replication

translation

transcription

fertilization

The arrow labeled Y represents the step in the process when mRNA and tRNA work together in the ribosome. This process is called

replication

translation

transcription

fertilization

The structure labeled Z is what is created as a result of protein synthesis. Structure Z is a long strand of what

nucleotides

carbohydrates

lipids

amino acids

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the creation of a protein?

Amino Acid--> DNA--> RNA-->Protein

DNA --> RNA --> Amino Acid --> Protein

Protein --> DNA --> RNA --> Amino Acid

DNA --> Protein --> RNA --> Amino Acid

Image W is a molecule that is a double helix. Image W is

protein chain

DNA

mRNA

enzyme

The arrow labeled X represents a process where DNA is read, copied, and made into a single strand of mRNA. This process called

replication

translation

transcription

fertilization

The arrow labeled Y represents the step in the process when mRNA and tRNA work together in the ribosome. This process is called

replication

translation

transcription

fertilization

The structure labeled Z is what is created as a result of protein synthesis. Structure Z is a long strand of what

nucleotides

carbohydrates

lipids

amino acids