Chapter 3: Lesson 3.1 Caring for Your Skin, Hair, and Nails

Last updated 6 months ago

13 questions

Required

Chapter 3: Lesson 3.1 Caring for Your Skin, Hair, and Nails

Last updated 6 months ago

13 questions

Required

Match the term with its definition.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
acne		product designed to cover up body odor
eczema		product designed to stop or dry up sweat
antiperspirant		skin condition in which inflamed, clogged hair follicles cause pimples
dermatologist		skin specialist who diagnoses and treats skin conditions
deodorant		chronic condition that causes swollen, red, dry, and itchy patches of skin on one or more parts of the body
body art		permanent decorations that are applied to the body; examples include tattoos and piercings
lice		dead skin that flakes off the scalp due to dryness, infrequent shampooing, or irritation
dandruff		tiny insects that attach to hair and feed on human blood

Required

Skin
The _______ , which is the _______  of the human body, is the outer covering of the entire body and is part of the _______  system. Your skin plays a very important role in keeping you healthy. First, the skin protects everything inside the body. This includes _______ , _______ , and other organs, such as the _______ , _______ , and _______ . The skin serves as a _______  for keeping _______  and _______  from entering your body. Your skin also plays an important role in regulating your body temperature. In this section, you will learn techniques to care for your skin. You will also learn about common types of skin conditions and how to prevent and treat these conditions.

Required

Caring for Your Skin
Keeping your skin _______  requires care. Take a bath or shower _______  to remove sweat and bacteria, which cause body odor. When bathing or showering, use a mild soap and warm water to rid your skin of dirt and oil. After bathing, applying _______  or _______  can keep skin from becoming too dry. Also, apply _______  or _______  to help prevent body odor (Figure 3.1). A deodorant covers up odor, while an antiperspirant actually stops or dries up sweat.

In addition to these basic skin care steps, caring for your skin also involves making healthy lifestyle choices. Eating healthy foods, such as _______  and _______ , and drinking lots of water can help keep your skin looking its best. Getting _______  each night, managing your stress, and avoiding tobacco products are all choices that can also keep your skin looking healthy.

Spending too much time in the sun can _______  your skin. Therefore, applying sun protection whenever you go outside is very important. A sunscreen protects the skin by absorbing, reflecting, or scattering _______  (UV) light. Ultraviolet (UV) light is an invisible kind of _______  that comes from the sun, tanning beds, and _______ . UV light can seriously harm your skin.

Required

Common Skin Conditions
People may experience several common types of _______ . Examples of conditions that affect the skin include _______ , _______ , and _______ . Body decorations, such as _______  and body piercings, may also cause skin conditions.

In the following sections, you will learn about these skin conditions. You will also learn how to prevent or treat them.

Required

Acne 📷
_______ , a skin condition characterized by _______ , commonly develops during adolescence. Acne occurs when the oil glands produce too much oil and _______  the pores.

_______  are hair _______  under the skin. The excess oil mixes with dead skin cells and creates a blockage in the pore. Over time, oil and bacteria leak into the skin surrounding this pore. This causes infection and _______ , including redness, swelling, and pus.

A _______  called a _______  gets its name from the whitish pus inside a clogged pore that has only a tiny opening to the skin’s surface. In contrast, a _______  is a _______  or _______  bump inside a clogged pore that is more open to the air. When air gets inside the follicle, it causes the oil inside the follicle to become darker (Figure 3.2).

Fortunately, there are steps you can take to prevent and treat acne breakouts. The following strategies can help:
_______  your _______  gently with soap or face scrub twice a day. After washing your face, rinse well so that the soap does not stay on your skin.
Do not _______ . Doing so can lead to permanent acne _______ .
_______  touching your _______  with your fingers. This can spread bacteria and cause inflammation and irritation to other parts of your face or body.
Make sure anything that touches your _______ , including glasses, headbands, and hats. Keep your hair clean and pulled away from your face.
Protect your skin from _______ , which can make acne appear even worse.
Wash any makeup off your skin before going to sleep. Throw away old makeup as it can contain bacteria.
Shave your face lightly, and not too frequently, to avoid accidentally cutting a skin blemish.
Use _______  acne medication to clear and prevent acne. For serious cases of acne, consult a _______  (doctor who is a skin specialist). A dermatologist can give you useful information about caring for your skin type, and prescribe medication, if necessary.

Eczema
_______ , or _______ , is a condition that causes swollen, red, dry, and itchy patches of skin on one or more parts of the body (Figure 3.3). Eczema is a _______ , which means it typically reoccurs over time. _______  or other minor illnesses, _______ , and stress may all trigger eczema flare-ups. Eczema is not contagious, meaning you cannot catch it from someone else.

You can often treat _______  of eczema using over-the-counter products. To relieve the dryness and itching of eczema, _______  or cream when the skin is damp, such as after bathing or washing your hands. This locks in moisture and can help _______ . Avoid _______  any patches of eczema. Doing so may cause an infection.

Required

Suntans, Sunburns, and Skin Cancer 📷
Spending too much time in the sun’s _______  can damage your skin. _______  and sunburns are both indicators of damage to the skin because of too much time in the sun. Scientific evidence suggests that overexposure to _______  and damage to the skin can lead to skin cancer. There are _______  types of skin cancer (Figure 3.4). Two types of skin cancer are common and curable. These two types are _______  and _______ . _______  is the most _______  of skin cancer because it spreads rapidly throughout the body, sometimes before the initial skin cancer is recognized.

To protect your skin and prevent skin damage, which can lead to skin cancer, reduce intentional UV exposure and increase sun protection. Other ways to protect your skin are shown in Figure 3.5. Sometimes you might feel pressure from friends to spend time in the sun without protection. You can resist this influence by encouraging others to be safe too.

Required

Tattoos and Piercings
Since ancient times, people have chosen to _______  their bodies in permanent ways. Two of the most common types of body decoration, or body art, are _______  and piercings. These types of body decorations can potentially impact health.

Tattoos are designs on the skin made by using a _______  to insert colored ink under the skin. Body piercing involves the use of a needle to make a hole in the skin to insert jewelry. The most common body piercing is to the _______ . Other pierced body parts often include ear cartilage, the belly button, the nose, and the tongue.

In most states, people are required to be at least _______  of age or have written permission by a legal guardian to get a tattoo or body piercing. To reduce the risk of complications from _______ , people should have them done at clean, safe, and well-regarded facilities by licensed professionals. In addition, following the care instructions closely can help decrease the possibility of infection.

Although getting a tattoo or a _______  may seem harmless, it is a big decision—and a permanent one. People should think carefully about the risks involved with these procedures before making a decision (Figure 3.6).

Required

Hair
Although you have more than _______  on your head, you lose about 50 to 100 hairs every day through normal activities such as _______ , _______ , or _______  your hair. These hairs are replaced by new hairs, which grow from the same _______ . Practicing good hair care will help you keep your hair looking clean and healthy. Maintaining the health of your hair can also be easy when you understand common hair conditions and know how to prevent and treat them.

Required

Caring for Your Hair
Keeping your _______  requires routine care. One simple hair care technique is to regularly _______  your hair and scalp. This helps keep hair clean and prevents it from becoming too dry. When washing your hair, get it really wet. Use only a small amount of _______  and gently massage it into your scalp. Then, rinse really well to remove all the shampoo from your hair.

After showering, gently dry your hair with a towel. Let your _______  dry when possible. Using a _______  too often can dry out your hair and increase the chance of breakage. In addition, comb your hair carefully. Do not tug on it to decrease the chances of breaking or pulling the hair out.
In addition to washing your _______ , following are some other techniques that can help keep your hair healthy:
Eat a _______  (Figure 3.7). Some hair conditions are caused in part by a lack of certain vitamins and fats.
_______  items that have touched your hair with other people, such as combs or hats.
Wash your hair _______ , especially after swimming in a chlorinated pool.
Get a _______ , such as every six to eight weeks, to remove split ends.

Required

Common Hair Conditions

A common hair condition many people experience is having _______ . This is especially true for adolescents who are going through puberty. Every _______  is attached to a gland that produces oil. When these glands produce too much oil, such as during _______ , a person’s hair may look greasy.

_______  can be treated by washing hair regularly. People can also use shampoos designed to help treat oily hair. 

Another common hair condition people may experience is _______ , which is the flaking of dead skin cells from the scalp. A common cause of dandruff is having dry skin. People who have dandruff because of dry skin often notice white flakes of dead skin in their hair and on their shoulders (Figure 3.8). _______   is usually worse in the fall and winter, when indoor heating can dry out skin. Infrequent shampooing, which allows oils and skin cells from the scalp to build up, is another common cause of dandruff. _______  too often or using too many hair care products may _______  the scalp and lead to dandruff, too. If you have dandruff, try using a medicated shampoo that can be purchased at stores. If the dandruff continues, see your doctor or _______  for treatment options.

Required

A _______  hair condition some people may contract is _______ . Lice are tiny insects that attach to the hair and feed on human blood. Lice can _______  easily from one person to another through _______  head-to-head contact or if people share combs, brushes, or hats. Although lice do not cause any major health conditions, they are _______  and uncomfortable. If you become infected with lice, use a _______  to kill the lice and their eggs (or nits). You also need to wash all _______ , towels, and other items that have touched your hair in hot water.

Required

Nails
_______  and _______  are made up of layers of a hard protein called _______ . This hard substance protects the sensitive tissues on the tips of your fingers and toes. Nails grow out from the area at the base of the nail. As new cells continuously grow, _______  are pushed out.

It is relatively easy to keep your nails _______  and _______. Keep your nails dry and clean to _______  and other _______  from growing under them. If you must soak your hands, such as while washing dishes, or if you must use _______ , wear gloves. Be sure to trim your fingernails regularly using clippers, _______ , or a nail file.

In addition, _______  your hands regularly, including your fingernails and cuticles. Do not bite your fingernails, pick at your cuticles, or pull off your hangnails. Doing so can cause infections.

Before using the services of a salon for nail care, make sure the salon and the nail technician are _______ . All tools should be properly sterilized between customers to avoid spreading infections.

_______  fingernails and toenails are smooth, free of spots or _______ , and consistent in color. Some _______  in the nails, such as white spots or vertical ridges, are normal. Other conditions, however, such as nail discoloration, _______ , or redness and swelling around the nail, can sometimes indicate health concerns (Figure 3.9). Some common nail conditions can be treated at home while some may need to be treated by a professional.