DE_Chem_3.1_Ion Formation

Instructions

Refer to Discovery Education's chemistry text: Unit 3.1 Ion Formation to answer the following questions. Additional questions may be added so check your work before turning in and make sure everything has been responded to.

1

What are ions?

1

In the illustration of the sodium atom, click on the shell(s) that contain electrons that can be involved in chemical reactions with atoms of other elements.

4

A neutral atom _______  a charge if its positive and negative charges become unbalanced. This happens when an atom _______  or _______  one or more electrons. The atom then becomes a _______  called an ion.

2

Many ions consist of a single charged atom. An ion that consists of only one charged atom is called a _______  ion. A _______  ion is formed when a group of atoms are joined together and have an overall charge.

2

Positively charged ions are called _______ . A cation forms when an atom _______  one or more valence electrons. Cations usually form from the atoms of metals, such as sodium, potassium, calcium, copper, and iron.

1

_______  charged ions are called anions. An anion forms when an atom _______  one or more electrons in its valence shell. Anions usually form from the atoms of nonmetals, such as fluorine, chlorine, oxygen, and sulfur.

1

Use the periodic table to predict the charge on the most common ions for the following atoms. Connect each atom to its most common ionic charge.

1

Due to their stable outer electron shells, _______  do not readily react with other elements. These comprise group _______ .

1

What is the principle that states that chemical reactions tend to occur so that the atoms of non-noble elements have a stable outer shell of eight electrons?

1

List three elements that represent exceptions to the Octet Rule.

1

How do ions form, and how does the octet rule determine if an atom becomes a cation or an anion?

1

How do monatomic ions form?

1

How do cations and anions differ?

1

	+2	+1	0	-1	-2
Na
O
F
Ca
Cl

What are ions?

Which elements will form ions?

The ions that will form will be what charge?

Which elements will not form ions?

In the illustration of the sodium atom, click on the shell(s) that contain electrons that can be involved in chemical reactions with atoms of other elements.

Use the periodic table to predict the charge on the most common ions for the following atoms. Connect each atom to its most common ionic charge.

What is the principle that states that chemical reactions tend to occur so that the atoms of non-noble elements have a stable outer shell of eight electrons?

List three elements that represent exceptions to the Octet Rule.

How do ions form, and how does the octet rule determine if an atom becomes a cation or an anion?

How do monatomic ions form?

How do cations and anions differ?

How does the formation of ions relate to the octet rule?