DE_CH_5.6_Ocean Water - Nicholas Meyer | Library

1

How does ocean water participate in the water cycle?

1

Select each statement that correctly summarizes and compares properties of the ocean.

1

Which statement about Earth's weather is true?

2

darker
more species of life
higher density
warmer
higher pressure
lower pressure
cooler
lighter
fewer species of life
lower density

Surface Ocean Layers
Deep Ocean Layers

1

The most abundant dissolved gases in ocean water are

3

Categorize the following statements with the corresponding factor that affects the distribution of marine organisms.

Property of matter that describes its mass per unit of volume.
Colder liquids are capable of holding more dissolved gases.
Deep ocean water is less affected by evaporation and precipitation, and runoff only happens near the shore.
Ice can float since it has a lower ____ than water.
The ______ of ocean water usually decreases as depth increases.
Controlling factor is the total volume of water compared to the amount of dissolved solids in water
At lower temperatures, water molecules are moving slower and are packed more tightly together.
Warmer water is able to dissolve solids faster than cold water.

Salinity
Density
Temperature

4

The ocean has many different characteristics. Determine which area best reflects the characteristics noted in each sentence below.

__________ is probably comprised of about 96% water and 4% salt.
__________ is freshwater.
__________ probably has a lot of phytoplankton.
__________ has the most salinity.
__________ has the least density.
__________ is the warmest area of the three pictures.
__________ has no salinity.
__________ could be a carbon sink.

1

This group of organisms play an important role in the carbon cycle, conducting most of the photosynthesis that occurs on our planet.

1

Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form the weak acid known as

1

Scientists pump sodium hydroxide, a base into the water and showed that coral

1

Why are coral reefs needing to be protected by ocean acidification?

1

Name some of the factors that affect the movement of water within the world's oceans.

1

Read the following excerpt from the text. Select the sentence that explains why the Coriolis Effect differs how close you are to the equator.

The Coriolis effect is the result of Earth’s rotation. Because Earth rotates on its axis, any free-moving fluid on Earth is unable to travel in a completely straight line. In the Northern Hemisphere, all ocean and wind currents are deflected to the right by this effect. In the Southern Hemisphere, all currents are deflected to the left. This causes the curvature of ocean currents and prevailing winds. The Coriolis Effect is stronger at the equator, because Earth is rotating fastest there. Although the equator and the poles complete a single rotation in the same amount of time, a point on the equator will move a much longer distance in that time than a point near the poles. Because speed equals distance traveled divided by time, the speed at which objects at the poles are rotating is much lower.

2

Water currents at or near the ocean surfaces are usually generated by _______. These currents move _______ compared to cold, deep ocean currents. Currents deep within Earth's oceans are driven by water _______ differences. Deep ocean currents are also connected and are part of the worldwide oceanic circulation system, often referred to as the global _______, that helps regulate Earth's average surface temperature.

3

Match the corresponding parameters that can be measured to describe waves with the correct definition.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
wave speed		amount of time between two wave crests (from a fixed reference point)
wave period		measurement of the vertical distance between the wave's crest and trough
wavelength		horizontal distance between two wave crests, or two wave troughs
wave height		dividing the wavelength by the wave period
trough		lowermost point of a wave
crest		uppermost point of a wave

1

An observer sitting in an anchored boat in a bay is watching waves go by. She notices that there is a distance of 10 meters between wave crests, and that a new wave crest passes her boat every 5 seconds. What is the wave speed?

1

An observer sitting on the shore sees four waves with equal wavelengths travel by. The distance between the first and fourth wave crests is 30 meters. It takes 21 seconds for all four wave crests to pass. What is the wave speed?

1

As a fishing boat travels through the ocean, crew members watch as they pass two wave crests. The distance between the crests is 15 meters. The time it takes to travel from the first crest to the second is 7.5 seconds. What is the wave speed?

1

As a wave approaches the edge of the land, drag against the ocean floor causes the side closer to land to slow down while the rest of the wave continues forward. This causes a bend in the wave's overall path and this phenomenon is known as

2

For this day at Shell Island, in the Gulf of Mexico, the tides are predicted to reach__________ at high tide, and__________ as compared to sea level at low tide. This represents a total change in water level of__________. Tide tables are printed annually for the entire year. The reason tides can be predicted so far in advance is because of known factors affecting the ocean water, such as __________. However, the actual tides on any given day may vary from the predictions. This is due to unpredictable factors, such as __________.