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TEST - Gatsby (+ Modernism)

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Last updated about 1 year ago
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Question 41
41.

NOTHING GOLD CAN STAY

by Robert Frost (1923)
_______________________________________________

Nature's first green is gold,
Her hardest hue to hold.
Her early leaf's a flower;
But only so an hour.
Then leaf subsides to leaf.
So Eden sank to grief,
So Dawn goes down to day.
Nothing gold can stay.
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"Gatsby believed in the green light, the orgastic future that year by year recedes before us. It eluded us then, but that's no matter --- tomorrow we will run faster, stretch out our arms farther... And one fine morning---

So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past."
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Which of the following descriptions best captures the key concepts of Modernism?
the melancholy artist goes into Nature to find Truth/inspiration
the dark and spooky woods will reveals a truth that haunts those who travel there
the loner in the city experiences disillusionment/disenchantment
nature brings escape and total enlightenment that will bring transcendent truth to fix society
Which of the following causes of Modernism created "generational trauma"?
WW1
WW2
The Great Depression
The Influence of Sigmund Freud's writings
Which of the following was NOT a major contributor to the development of Modernism?
immigration
imagism
urbanization and industrialization
technological and scientific revolutions
In a letter to Ernest Hemingway, Gertrude Stein famously coined the term "_________" in response to this generational trauma...

"All of you young people... you are all a ________"
disenchanted generation
golden generation
generation why / Y
lost generation
The modern "attitude" of modernism could be described as all of the following EXCEPT
rebelling against tradition and moral "rules" including religious and societal morality
rejecting the intellectual, moral, and philosophical ideals of "Western civilization"
redefining art, medicine, science, psychology and "rewriting the book"
romanticizing Europe and the "old world" before the war
The belief/mindset that held the most sway culturally over this Modern period:
transcendentalism
polytheism
nihilism
imagism
Which Gatsby quote below best exemplifies that belief/mindset of the previous question?
"The party has begun... I slunk off in the direction of the cocktails table - the only place in the garden where a single man could linger without looking purposeless and alone" (42)
" 'Let's get out,' whispered Jordan, after a somehow wasteful and inappropriate half-hour; 'this is much too polite for me.' ...changing the subject with an urban distaste for the concrete, 'I like large parties. They're so intimate. At small parties there isn't any privacy.'" (p. 47, 49)
"The old Metropole,' brooded Mr. Wolfshiem gloomily. 'Filled with faces dead and gone. Filled with friends gone now forever. I can't forget so long as I live the night they shot Rosy Rosenthal there. It was six of us at the table, and Rosy had eat and drunk a lot all evening...'" (p. 70)
"But the rest [of the party] offended [Daisy] -- and inarguably, because it wasn't a gesture but an emotion. She was appalled by West Egg... appalled by its raw vigor that chafed under the old euphemisms and by the too obtrusive fate that herded its inhabitants along a short-cut from nothing to nothing." (p. 107)
During this movement, which of the following literary styles was developed in which the author gave direct treatment of the "thing" as itself, and focused on showing the reader the thing instead of telling the reader what to think about this thing?
stream of conscious
pathetic fallacy
imagism
allegorical morality play
During this movement, which of the following literary styles was developed in which the author poured a continuous flow of narrative free verse without censoring out erroneous details or controlling their style formally.
pathetic fallacy
allegorical morality play
imagism
stream of conscious
The "individual" in Modern literature is treated in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
alienated/isolated
disillusioned/disenchanted
valorized/heroized
transformed/enlightened
Match the character to the analytical description below:
Myrtle Wilson
the "self-made" man; the Romantic; the "valorized" hero
Jordan Baker
unreliable narrator; always "within and without;" stands in for Fitzgerald himself
Daisy Buchanan
old money; obsessed with holding onto tradition and racist philosophies of white supremacy that preserve his power
Jay Gatsby
old money; representative of southern gentility; her voice is full of money
Meyer Wolfsheim
"the golfer"; representative of the "new" woman, more independent and "free", including morally (cheating/sexually)
Nick Carraway
working class, taken advantage of by the wealthy; a "true" believer in God but lost to vengeance
George Wilson
"the other woman," representative for those who are used and discarded by people who would take advantage of her for her body; quite literally torn two ways
Tom Buchanan
"the man who fixed the 1919 world series"; representative of the shady "underworld" that pervades this decade
Which Gatsby character symbolizes the 1920s popular conception of God?
(the eyes of ) T. J. Eckleburg
Gatsby
(the eyes of) Michaelis
Meyer Wolfsheim
Nick claims he "reserves all judgements" of others... does he?
yes - he is purely unbiased and never judges anyone
yeaaahhhh - he tries to ignore his judgement and is always convincing himself of the best in everyone
yeah no - he is judgey, but he just mostly keeps his judgements to himself (and to the reader)
nope - he is constantly telling people what he thinks about them and making them angry with him
Therefore, Nick's narration is considered...
broken/interrupted stream of consciousness
unreliable narrator
3rd person omniscient
unbiased reporting
Match the setting to the analytical description below:
The Valley of Ashes
Old Money, born into upper class society, tradition and European ideals
East Egg
New Money, the newly rich, rising into the upper class, the "modern" world
West Egg
The urbanized/industrialized world , a place of looser morality and more morally gray
The City (Manhattan)
the lost "in between" world, a place where the downtrodden stay down, industrial waste and the discarded lower class
Throughout the book, the green light symbolizes all of the following EXCEPT:
greed, avarice, reaching for money
an artificial light luring him towards Daisy, but not a "true light" not a "Natural light"
Nature, growth, renewal, a "green future"
The American Dream
Which motif/symbol best represents the "carelessness" theme of the novel?
cars
books
boats
pearls
Which motif/symbol best represents the themes about one's "past," "memory," and one's "life journey" in the novel?
cars and bridges vs. horses
bootlegging and alcohol
clothes and appearances
boats and water/currents
Throughout the novel, Fitzgerald uses the motif of clothes to symbolize...
the morality (or amorality/immortality) of the character within those clothes
hiding who you really are beneath a facade, "playing a part" of your society in a costume
dressing for the job that you want or the life that you desire, not the one you have
white collar versus blue collar crime
Throughout the novel, Fitzgerald uses the motif of clocks to symbolize...
time stopping or slowing in important moments, tension, running out of time
the exact time Gatsby was shot, a repeated time stamp throughout the novel to give it structure
how everything is rushing forward into the future, time is zipping away from us
how everything feels frozen in time, trapped in the past before the war and can't move on
In the beginning of the book, Fitzgerald opens with the following:

"Then wear the gold hat, if that will move her;
If you can bounce high, bounce for her too,
Till she cry, 'Lover, gold-hatted, high-bouncing lover,
I must have you!" - Thomas Parke D'Invilliers

This is called...
a lyrical metaphor
an epigraph
an allusion
a personification
Fitzgerald opens with these lines in order to...
hint at deeper meanings in the novel about love and money
criticize the 1920s fashion style that was integrally linked with money and status
satirize his own novel about money and power
foreshadow how Gatsby will help Daisy socially climb using his money
Which character is most closely aligned with this "gold-hatted lover" from the excerpt above?
Tom
Gatsby
Wilson
Nick
Gatsby earned his money in completely "legitimate" ways, nothing underhanded...
True
False
Gatsby owns a bunch of "drug stores" or "corner stores" through which he made his fortune
True
False
All along, Gatsby had created the character "Gatsby" and made his fortune in order to woo Daisy Buchanan and marry her someday...
True
False
Gatsby is culpable for Myrtle's death.
True
False
Gatsby "turned out alright in the end" and survives a hero, at least by name
True
False
Nick's only compliment of Gatsby is really just a backhanded dig at everyone else.
True
False
Daisy sends a dozen daisies to Gatsby's funeral, symbolically attending even if not in person.
True
False
Nick doubles down and tries to propose to Jordan in response to the infidelity and broken marriages in the final chapters.
True
False
Nick returns home to the Midwest in the end of the story.
True
False

EXCERPT: Chapter 8


"Gatsby shouldered the mattress and started for the pool. Once he stopped and shifted it a little, and the chauffeur asked him if he needed help, but he shook his head and in a moment disappeared among the yellowing trees.

... I have an idea that Gatsby himself didn't believe [the telephone call] would come, and perhaps he no longer cared. If that was true he must have felt that he had lost the old warm world, paid a high price for living too long with a single dream. He must have looked up at an unfamiliar sky through frightening leaves and shivered as he found what a grotesque thing a rose is and how raw the sunlight was upon the scarcely created grass. A new world, material without being real, where poor ghosts, breathing dreams like air, drifted fortuitously about... like that ashen, fantastic figure gliding toward him through the amorphous trees...

...

There was a faint, barely perceptible movement of the water as the fresh flow from one end urged its way toward the drain at the other. with little ripples that were hardly the shadows of waves, the laden mattress moved irregularly down the pool. A small gust of wind that scarcely corrugated the surface was enough to disturb its accidental course with its accidental burden. The touch of a cluster of leaves revolved it slowly, tracing, like the leg of a compass, a thin red circle in the water."
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Question 40
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At the end of this section in Chapter 8, Nick reflects that "the holocaust was complete."

Analytically speaking, Fitzgerald is...
symbolizing the "trial by fire" that our characters have endured to be able to survive to the end of the novel.
juxtaposing an otherwise romantic scene with horror and pain in order to build tension
comparing the deaths of chapter 8 to horrors of The Holocaust as an exaggeration of the tragedies in this fictional chapter to satirize their seriousness
using the diction here of "holocaust" as a word that (at that time) meant "burnt sacrifice for the cleansing of sin" and thus by extension, imply that these deaths "clean the slate" or "redeem" others...
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Question 44
44.

THE WASTE LAND

by T.S. Eliot (1922)
_______________________________________________

IV. Death by Water

Phlebas the Phoenician, a fortnight dead,
Forgot the cry of gulls, and the deep sea swell
And the profit and loss.
A current under sea
Picked his bones in whispers. As he rose and fell
He passed the stages of his age and youth
Entering the whirlpool.
Gentile or Jew
O you who turn the wheel and look to windward,
Consider Phlebas, who was once handsome and tall as you.
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Question 50
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In the first paragraph here, Gatsby is compared to...
a Jesus figure, carrying his cross to his death
a lost animal, disappearing into the woods
a small child, needing help carrying his floaty to the beach
the artist heading out into Nature to paint
In paragraph 2, what does Nick wish was true about this scene?
that Gatsby was dreaming of a new, shiney world, and never saw the monstrous things coming to get him in his final moments
that Gatsby was innocently floating, buoyant on dreams and unaware of the burdens weighing him down in his final moments
that Gatsby was still hoping Daisy would call and that he died dreaming of her and running away with her into a new creation, like Adam and Eve
that Gatsby was part of a dark scene, lost in the woods, reflecting on a rose, baking under a judgemental sun, haunted by Truth and ghosts moving through the woods...
What detail in paragraph 2 tells the reader that this is Nick's wish and not the reality of the situation?
"I have an idea that..."
"He must have..."
"...material without being real..."
"...breathing dreams like air..."
Nick (Fitzgerald) is suggesting that Nick wishes this was what type of story?
Romantic
Transcendental
Dark Romantic / Gothic
Modern
Which specific word choice from the second paragraph BEST supports your answer to the previous question?
amorphous
fortuitously
grotesque
fantastic
Which detail from the third paragraph shows that this story is in fact in direct contradiction to that movement?
the "barely perceptible movement" of the water (as opposed to the "burbling brook")
the fact that this is in an "artificial pool" and surrounded by a garden, not real Nature
the ripples being unable to cast shadows (by extension, the light also not being bright enough)
the leaves tracing a revolving circle, an accidental path, not leading anywhere
all of the above
This scene therefore is a perfect example of...
dystopian
imperialism
modernism
transcendentalism
Which word from this passage best captures the way Nick feels about Gatsby's death?
ghosts (it's a haunting thing)
disturb (it's disturbing)
shadows (it's a dark thing)
accidental (it feels meaningless)
The speaker of this poem views the best things in life as...
corruptible
evanescent
intangible
everlasting
Which line from Gatsby most closely aligns with the deeper meaning of this poem?
"He left feeling... that he was leaving her behind... the sun, which as it sank lower, seemed to spread itself in benediction over the vanishing city where she had drawn her breath... He stretched out his hand desperately... as if to save a fragment of the spot that she had made lovely for him... but he knew that he had lost that part of it, the freshest and the best, forever" (Gatsby, 153)
"'You can't repeat the past.' 'Can't repeat the past?' he cried incredulously. 'Why of course you can!' He looked around him wildly as if the past were lurking here in the shadow of his house, just out of reach." (Gatsby, p. 110)
"I was reminded of something - an elusive rhythm, a fragment of lost words... for a moment a phrase tried to take shape in my mouth .... but [my lips] made no sound" (Nick, p. 111)
"He knew that when he kissed this girl, and forever wed his unutterable visions to her perishable breath, his mind would never romp again like the mind of God.... At his lips' touch she blossomed for him like a flower and the incarnation was complete" (Gatsby, p. 111)
Like this poem, Fitzgerald also symbolizes fading youth and sinking beauty to ____ throughout the novel.
Eden
Nature
flowers
dawn
In this excerpt from The Waste Land, what has literally happened to "Phlebas"?
He was handsome and tall
He was forgotten
He was murdered
He drowned
The speaker of the poem is saying...
Consider the life and fall of Phlebas who now no longer is worried about profit and loss and life, but who was once just like you, always looking ahead.
Beware water and remember Phlebas; never forget the cry of gulls around his body which is no longer beautiful because of the tragedy here
Recall Phlebas who was so obsessed with profit and loss he tripped into the water and drowned
Remember that you too will go through the stages of life, unless you find the immortal water like Phlebas did and strive to stay young
How is this poem an example of modernism?
it's nihilistic
it's transcendent in nature
it's about the passing of time
it's about a sailor
Phlebas could be compared most closely to which character in The Great Gatsby?
Myrtle
Wilson
Gatsby
Daisy
In these final lines, Fitzgerald implies that the green light is also symbolic of...
the past always pulling us back
the future we are reaching towards
the lies that we convince ourselves of
the temptation of memory
In these final lines, Fitzgerald implies that...
to move forward into our future, we have to continuously push against the ideas of the past
we are weighed down by the anchor of the past - if we cut ties with it, we'll sprint forward even faster
we will always reach our goals if we keep running towards them, reaching
it is futile to dream and to try because we will always be borne backwards