PP.2 End-of-Unit Content Assessment

1

Geysers, volcanoes, and hot springs all share which of the following?

They form along faults.

Scientists can predict when they will erupt.

They form both along plate boundaries and above hotspots.

They form only along plate boundaries.

1

In which of the following sentences is conclusion used correctly?

Inge Lehmann suspected that Earth might have more than three layers, so she came to the conclusion that it did.

In his conclusion, the scientist proposed different possibilities of how earthquakes might occur.

The researcher reached a conclusion after years of collecting evidence.

Once you reach a conclusion, it is set in stone and no other evidence can be examined.

3

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
igneous		a rock that is made of sediments that have been naturally compacted and cemented together
metamorphic		a rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies
sedimentary		a rock that forms when minerals in other types of rocks are altered due to extreme heat and pressure

1

What is geology?

the study of the characteristics of the earth’s surface

the study of the makeup of the earth and the processes that change and shape it

the study of past human life and activities by examining bones, tools, and other objects left behind

the study of relationships between living things and their environment

1

The theory of plate tectonics states that __________.

Earth’s continents were once all joined together as one supercontinent

Earth’s crust and part of the mantle are broken up into sections that slowly move

Earth’s crust, mantle, and core all form tectonic plates that change very slowly

Earth’s continents stay still and do not move

3

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
chemical weathering		a process that moves sediments to new locations
erosion		a process that breaks big rocks into smaller rocks without changing the minerals they contain
physical weathering		a process that breaks down rocks by changing the minerals they contain

3

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
seamount		a deep-sea geyser that forms as seawater sinks down through cracks in the oceanic crust and then releases extremely hot, mineral-rich water back up through cracks in the crust
tsunami		an underwater volcano that forms wherever magma is erupting through oceanic crust
hydrothermal vent		a gigantic wave of seawater caused by an earthquake in oceanic crust

1

2

Seafloor spreading can cause a mid-ocean ridge and an ocean trench to form. Match each of the following causes with the appropriate effect: mid-ocean ridge or ocean trench.

	mid-ocean ridge	ocean trench
The seafloor dips down as one tectonic plate slides under another.
Magma erupts through huge cracks in Earth’s crust as lava.

1

Select the answer that best supports the following statement.
The rock cycle explains the changes that occur in rocks over very long periods of time.

Rocks are created and then destroyed in a long process that occurs slowly over time.

Rocks are created, destroyed, and recreated in a continuous cycle.

Rocks are solidified from sediments in a continuous cycle.

Weathering and erosion change rocks in a long process that occurs slowly over time.

3

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
dormant volcano		a type of volcano that has not erupted for at least 10,000 years and is not likely to erupt again
extinct volcano		a type of volcano that has erupted in the past 10,000 years and is likely to erupt again
active volcano		a type of volcano that is considered active but hasn’t erupted for a very long time

1

The continental drift hypothesis explains that ____________.

all of the continents were once joined as Pangaea until they broke apart and slowly moved away from each other

climates change and animals evolve over long periods of time

all the continents exist on plates

hot water under the earth explodes on the surface

1

Which of the words in the following sentence provides the best clue as to the meaning of the word fossil?
Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa, India, Australia, and South America.

similar rock layers

in Africa, India, Australia, and South America

ancient fern

Geologists found

6

Stavka koja se može prevući		Odgovarajuća stavka
fault		a hill or mountain that forms over a crack in Earth’s crust from which lava erupts
rock		a crack in Earth’s crust
hotspot		the violent shaking of the ground caused by huge blocks of rock moving along a fault
volcano		an underground hot spring that periodically erupts, shooting hot water and steam into the air
geyser		a very hot region deep within Earth’s mantle where a huge magma chamber forms
earthquake		a naturally occurring nonliving solid made of minerals

3

Drugi mogući odgovor:

dome mountain

fault-block mountains

fold mountains

Splash Mountain

null

1

What natural occurrence does the following myth passage explain?
The Chief of the Above World came to the aid of his people. He fought Monadalkni and the two spirits waged a violent, fiery battle. Sahale Tyee eventually gained the upper hand and forced Monadalkni back down into his mountain. Sahale Tyee caused the top of the mountain to collapse, forever shutting off this entrance to the Below World.

a volcanic eruption

a volcanic crater being formed

a tsunami

an earthquake

4

Drugi mogući odgovor:

crust

mantle

inner core

outer core

1

Select the most appropriate answer to the following question.
What do myths help explain?

why people tell stories

cultural customs

unpredictable natural events

everyday occurrences

1

Which of the following provides evidence of weathering and erosion?

Volcanoes like Mount Fuji

Geysers like Old Faithful in Yellowstone

Large canyons like the Grand Canyon

Island chains like the Hawaiian Island chain

PP.2 End-of-Unit Content Assessment

Geysers, volcanoes, and hot springs all share which of the following?

In which of the following sentences is conclusion used correctly?

What is geology?

The theory of plate tectonics states that __________.

Seafloor spreading can cause a mid-ocean ridge and an ocean trench to form. Match each of the following causes with the appropriate effect: mid-ocean ridge or ocean trench.

Select the answer that best supports the following statement. The rock cycle explains the changes that occur in rocks over very long periods of time.

The continental drift hypothesis explains that ____________.

Which of the words in the following sentence provides the best clue as to the meaning of the word fossil? Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa, India, Australia, and South America.

Select the most appropriate answer to the following question. What do myths help explain?

Which of the following provides evidence of weathering and erosion?

Geysers, volcanoes, and hot springs all share which of the following?

In which of the following sentences is conclusion used correctly?

What is geology?

The theory of plate tectonics states that __________.

Seafloor spreading can cause a mid-ocean ridge and an ocean trench to form. Match each of the following causes with the appropriate effect: mid-ocean ridge or ocean trench.

Select the answer that best supports the following statement. The rock cycle explains the changes that occur in rocks over very long periods of time.

The continental drift hypothesis explains that ____________.

Which of the words in the following sentence provides the best clue as to the meaning of the word fossil? Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa, India, Australia, and South America.

Select the most appropriate answer to the following question. What do myths help explain?

Which of the following provides evidence of weathering and erosion?

Select the answer that best supports the following statement.
The rock cycle explains the changes that occur in rocks over very long periods of time.

Which of the words in the following sentence provides the best clue as to the meaning of the word fossil?
Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa, India, Australia, and South America.

Select the most appropriate answer to the following question.
What do myths help explain?

Select the answer that best supports the following statement.
The rock cycle explains the changes that occur in rocks over very long periods of time.

Which of the words in the following sentence provides the best clue as to the meaning of the word fossil?
Geologists found fossils of an ancient fern in similar rock layers in Africa, India, Australia, and South America.

Select the most appropriate answer to the following question.
What do myths help explain?