Concept Check: NYS Relationships and Biodiversity

Last updated almost 2 years ago

17 questions

1

Library

Concept Check: NYS Relationships and Biodiversity

Last updated almost 2 years ago

17 questions

Tests were performed to help identify the person who committed a crime. Lane D contained DNA from evidence found at the crime scene. Lanes A, B, and C contained DNA from each of the three suspects.

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The Elephant Shrew 

The elephant shrew spends its days searching the leaf litter on the forest floor for insect prey. When first discovered, due to structural similarities, the elephant shrew was classified with other shrews and their relatives. However, scientists recently reclassified the elephant shrew, as shown in the evolutionary tree below:

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1

DNA samples were taken from four different species of animals labeled A, B, C, and D. The diagram below represents the results of a procedure that separated the DNA fragments from each species.

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A Close Relative of the Elephant
A hyrax is an animal that has been called a rock rabbit and looks like a guinea pig. Fossil records show that hyraxes first appeared on Earth approximately 37 million years ago. As they evolved, some became mouse-sized, while some were the size of a horse. Some eventually adapted to marine life and are related to manatees, and some became grazers and are related to elephants.

A section of the mammalian evolutionary tree is shown below.

1

Tests were performed to help identify the person who committed a crime. Lane D contained DNA from evidence found at the crime scene. Lanes A, B, and C contained DNA from each of the three suspects.

5

Based on the data, which lane most likely contained DNA from the suspect who committed the crime? Support your answer

5

Identify the lane that contained the band with the shortest fragments of DNA. Support your answer.

The Elephant Shrew 

The elephant shrew spends its days searching the leaf litter on the forest floor for insect prey. When first discovered, due to structural similarities, the elephant shrew was classified with other shrews and their relatives. However, scientists recently reclassified the elephant shrew, as shown in the evolutionary tree below:

Base your answer on the information and chart below and on your knowledge of biology.
The chart represents the results of gel electrophoresis of DNA from an unknown individual and four known individuals.

Before conducting an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

convert the DNA into gel

cut the DNA into fragments

remove smaller DNA fragments from the samples

synthesize larger fragments of DNA

The illustrations represent cross sections of two different plant stems.
A student compared two stem cross sections. Stem cross section A is from a plant that can be used to produce products with valuable medicinal properties. Stem cross section B is from a plant growing in the same area of the forest and its usefulness for producing medicines is unknown. The student concluded that the stem cross sections had many structural similarities and that the plant that produced cross section B would produce the same valuable medicinal products.

Is the student's conclusion valid?

Yes, because the structural similarities indicate a close relationship between the organisms.

Yes, because these plants grow in the same regions of the forest ecosystem and look similar.

No, because he did not evaluate soil conditions, such as pH, with chemical indicators.

No, because this structural evidence alone is insufficient and molecular evidence should be obtained.

In an effort to determine how closely related several plant species are, a student performed the laboratory test shown below.

The method used by the student to compare plant extracts from the different species is

gel electrophoresis

DNA banding

a staining technique

paper chromatography

A Close Relative of the Elephant
A hyrax is an animal that has been called a rock rabbit and looks like a guinea pig. Fossil records show that hyraxes first appeared on Earth approximately 37 million years ago. As they evolved, some became mouse-sized, while some were the size of a horse. Some eventually adapted to marine life and are related to manatees, and some became grazers and are related to elephants.

A section of the mammalian evolutionary tree is shown below.

1

If scientists want to determine the similarities in the DNA fragments in several plant species, they should

add salt water to cells from each plant

analyze electrophoresis results

compare seed structures of the plants

examine their chromosomes with a microscope

During the Relationships and Biodiversity lab, simulated pigments from three plant species were compared to those in Botana curus. The results were similar to those represented below.
Based on the results of this comparison alone, is there enough information to conclude which of the other three species is most closely related to Botana curus?

Yes. Only species X has the same bands as Botana curus.

Yes. Species Z has only two of the bands that Botana curus has

No. Additional tests should be done to test for other chemical similarities

No. Other rainforest plant species should be tested.

When provided with a sequence of bases in one segment of mRNA, the Universal Genetic Code Chart is used to

directly identify the DNA from an animal cell

determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein

change the RNA sequence of a protein into DNA

identify the specific mutations in the genetic material in a cell

In many parts of the world, plants are used as a source of medicine. Many of these plants are in danger of becoming extinct. It is therefore important for researchers to

collect and dry all the medicinal plants to preserve them for future use

search for other plant species that could be used as a new source of that medicine

use the plants now while we still have them

apply fertilizer to reduce the numbers of the plants that grow in the wild

Which group of materials would be most useful to a student planning to separate a mixture of leaf pigments using paper chromatography?

filter paper, dropper, solvent, beaker

enzymes, beaker, goggles, compound microscope

compound microscope, filter paper, coverslip, glass slide

meterstick, thermometer, solvent, enzymes

A rare tropical plant was found to have medicinal properties. A search was conducted to find other plants that are closely related to the rare plant. Which combination of characteristics would best identify the plant most closely related to the original one?

shape of seeds, number of flower petals, leaf pigments

number of flower petals, positive reaction to a specific enzyme

leaf pigments, sequence of DNA bases, positive reaction to a specific enzyme

presence of DNA bases, internal stem structure, shape of seeds

Identify the technique used to obtain the results seen in the diagram.

structural evidence 

gel electrophoresis

chromatography 

diffusion 

Based on the data, which lane most likely contained DNA from the suspect who committed the crime? Support your answer

Identify the lane that contained the band with the shortest fragments of DNA. Support your answer.

The new, more accepted classification of the elephant shrew is most probably based on an analysis of

the DNA present in the cells of the elephant shrews

a number of newly found shrew fossils 

the feeding habits of the elephant shrew compared to other shrews

the coloration of the elephant shrew’s fur

According to the new evolutionary tree, elephant shrews are most closely related to

primates, rodents, rabbits, and relatives

tenrecs, golden moles, and aardvarks 

shrews and their relatives

manatees and hyraxes

Base your answer on the information and chart below and on your knowledge of biology.
The chart represents the results of gel electrophoresis of DNA from an unknown individual and four known individuals.

Before conducting an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

convert the DNA into gel

cut the DNA into fragments

remove smaller DNA fragments from the samples

synthesize larger fragments of DNA

The illustrations represent cross sections of two different plant stems.
A student compared two stem cross sections. Stem cross section A is from a plant that can be used to produce products with valuable medicinal properties. Stem cross section B is from a plant growing in the same area of the forest and its usefulness for producing medicines is unknown. The student concluded that the stem cross sections had many structural similarities and that the plant that produced cross section B would produce the same valuable medicinal products.

Is the student's conclusion valid?

Yes, because the structural similarities indicate a close relationship between the organisms.

Yes, because these plants grow in the same regions of the forest ecosystem and look similar.

No, because he did not evaluate soil conditions, such as pH, with chemical indicators.

No, because this structural evidence alone is insufficient and molecular evidence should be obtained.

The fragments of DNA separated into these bands because of their

pH and color

charge and radioactivity

electrical charge and size

color and size

The species that has the band containing the smallest DNA fragment for the sample that was sequenced is

A

B

C

D

In an effort to determine how closely related several plant species are, a student performed the laboratory test shown below.

The method used by the student to compare plant extracts from the different species is

gel electrophoresis

DNA banding

a staining technique

paper chromatography

Which number would indicate the most recent common ancestor of the hyrax, elephant, and manatee on the section of this mammalian evolutionary tree?

1

2

3

4

If scientists want to determine the similarities in the DNA fragments in several plant species, they should

add salt water to cells from each plant

analyze electrophoresis results

compare seed structures of the plants

examine their chromosomes with a microscope

During the Relationships and Biodiversity lab, simulated pigments from three plant species were compared to those in Botana curus. The results were similar to those represented below.
Based on the results of this comparison alone, is there enough information to conclude which of the other three species is most closely related to Botana curus?

Yes. Only species X has the same bands as Botana curus.

Yes. Species Z has only two of the bands that Botana curus has

No. Additional tests should be done to test for other chemical similarities

No. Other rainforest plant species should be tested.

When provided with a sequence of bases in one segment of mRNA, the Universal Genetic Code Chart is used to

directly identify the DNA from an animal cell

determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein

change the RNA sequence of a protein into DNA

identify the specific mutations in the genetic material in a cell

In many parts of the world, plants are used as a source of medicine. Many of these plants are in danger of becoming extinct. It is therefore important for researchers to

collect and dry all the medicinal plants to preserve them for future use

search for other plant species that could be used as a new source of that medicine

use the plants now while we still have them

apply fertilizer to reduce the numbers of the plants that grow in the wild

Which group of materials would be most useful to a student planning to separate a mixture of leaf pigments using paper chromatography?

filter paper, dropper, solvent, beaker

enzymes, beaker, goggles, compound microscope

compound microscope, filter paper, coverslip, glass slide

meterstick, thermometer, solvent, enzymes

A rare tropical plant was found to have medicinal properties. A search was conducted to find other plants that are closely related to the rare plant. Which combination of characteristics would best identify the plant most closely related to the original one?

shape of seeds, number of flower petals, leaf pigments

number of flower petals, positive reaction to a specific enzyme

leaf pigments, sequence of DNA bases, positive reaction to a specific enzyme

presence of DNA bases, internal stem structure, shape of seeds

Identify the technique used to obtain the results seen in the diagram.

structural evidence 

gel electrophoresis

chromatography 

diffusion 

The new, more accepted classification of the elephant shrew is most probably based on an analysis of 

the DNA present in the cells of the elephant shrews

a number of newly found shrew fossils 

the feeding habits of the elephant shrew compared to other shrews

the coloration of the elephant shrew’s fur

According to the new evolutionary tree, elephant shrews are most closely related to

primates, rodents, rabbits, and relatives

tenrecs, golden moles, and aardvarks 

shrews and their relatives

manatees and hyraxes

The fragments of DNA separated into these bands because of their

pH and color

charge and radioactivity

electrical charge and size

color and size

The species that has the band containing the smallest DNA fragment for the sample that was sequenced is

A

B

C

D

Which number would indicate the most recent common ancestor of the hyrax, elephant, and manatee on the section of this mammalian evolutionary tree?

1

2

3

4

Concept Check: NYS Relationships and Biodiversity

Concept Check: NYS Relationships and Biodiversity

Based on the data, which lane most likely contained DNA from the suspect who committed the crime? Support your answer

Identify the lane that contained the band with the shortest fragments of DNA. Support your answer.

Base your answer on the information and chart below and on your knowledge of biology.The chart represents the results of gel electrophoresis of DNA from an unknown individual and four known individuals.Before conducting an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

In an effort to determine how closely related several plant species are, a student performed the laboratory test shown below.The method used by the student to compare plant extracts from the different species is

If scientists want to determine the similarities in the DNA fragments in several plant species, they should

When provided with a sequence of bases in one segment of mRNA, the Universal Genetic Code Chart is used to

In many parts of the world, plants are used as a source of medicine. Many of these plants are in danger of becoming extinct. It is therefore important for researchers to

Which group of materials would be most useful to a student planning to separate a mixture of leaf pigments using paper chromatography?

A rare tropical plant was found to have medicinal properties. A search was conducted to find other plants that are closely related to the rare plant. Which combination of characteristics would best identify the plant most closely related to the original one?

Identify the technique used to obtain the results seen in the diagram.

Based on the data, which lane most likely contained DNA from the suspect who committed the crime? Support your answer

Identify the lane that contained the band with the shortest fragments of DNA. Support your answer.

The new, more accepted classification of the elephant shrew is most probably based on an analysis of

According to the new evolutionary tree, elephant shrews are most closely related to

The fragments of DNA separated into these bands because of their

The species that has the band containing the smallest DNA fragment for the sample that was sequenced is

Which number would indicate the most recent common ancestor of the hyrax, elephant, and manatee on the section of this mammalian evolutionary tree?

Base your answer on the information and chart below and on your knowledge of biology.
The chart represents the results of gel electrophoresis of DNA from an unknown individual and four known individuals.

Before conducting an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

In an effort to determine how closely related several plant species are, a student performed the laboratory test shown below.

The method used by the student to compare plant extracts from the different species is