READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE ANSWERING ANY QUESTIONS!

OPEN THE FOLLOWING LINK TO VIEW THE FIRST SIMULATION: https://ch301.cm.utexas.edu/simulations/js/idealgaslaw/

BEFORE YOU START, MAKE THESE CHANGES TO YOUR SIMULATOR!

1. Press the air pump 2-3 times to put more molecules into the container until the air pressure is 4 atm.

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2. Press the down arrow next to the word "volume" to decrease the volume to about 300 L.

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1

What is the temperature of the air at this pressure?

1

Press the "Heat" button on the left side of the screen and let it run until you have reached the maximum heat. What is the maximum temperature of the air?

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What happened to the volume of the gas as the temperature went up? (HINT: Look at the volume gauge...what is the new volume?)

The volume did not change.

The volume went down.

The volume went up.

1

What happened to the density of the molecules when you increased the temperature? (HINT: The number of molecules did not change, but what did change?)

The density of the air went up.

The density of the air went down.

The density did not change.

1

What is the new air pressure?

1

Press the "cool" button that is on the left side of the screen. What is the new temperature of the air?

1

What is the new volume of the container?

1

What happened to the volume of the gas when you cooled it down?

The volume did not change.

The volume went up.

The volume went down.

1

Did the density of the molecules increase or decrease when the temperature dropped? (HINT: The number of molecules did not change, but what did change?)

The density decreased.

The density did not change.

The density increased.

2

Describe how changing the temperature of the air affected it's density.

When the temperature went UP, the density of the air went down.

When the temperature went up, the density of the air went up.

When the temperature went DOWN, the density of the air went down.

When the temperature went DOWN, the density of the air went up

CLICK THIS NEW LINK TO GO TO THE SECOND SIMULATION:

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/gas-properties/latest/gas-properties_all.html

Select the "Diffusion" section of the simulation

Change the number of blue molecules to 50

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1

Make a prediction: what do you think will happen when you click "remove divider" in the simulation?

The molecules will stay on the left side of the container.

The molecules will spread out to fill the container.

The molecules will move to the other side of the container.

1

AFTER WRITING YOUR PREDICTION press the "Remove Divider" button. What happened when you removed the divider? Why do you think that happened?

The molecules moved to the left side of the container.

The molecules spread out the fill the container because there is space to move.

The molecules stayed on the left side of the container because they don't have enough energy to move into new space.

Press the "Reset Divider" button and add 20 red particles.

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1

Make a new prediction: What do you think will happen once the divider is removed?

The blue molecules (cold air) will move immediately to the right side because there is more space on that side.

The blue molecules (cold air) will stay on the left side, and the red molecules (warm air) will stay on the right side.

The molecules will switch sides.

The red (warm air) and blue (cold air) molecules will immediately evenly mix.

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AFTER MAKING YOUR PREDICTION: Press "Remove Divider" and select what happened.

The red (warm air) and blue molecules (cold air) will eventually mix evenly.

The molecules will switch sides so that all the blue (cold air) will be on the right side and all the red (warm air) will be on the left.

The blue molecules (cold air) will move to the right side because there is more space.

The blue molecules (cold air) will stay on the left side and the red molecules (warm air) will stay on the right side.

1

Which direction did most of the molecules flow to?

The molecules immediately mixed fairly evenly.

The all of the red particles (warm air) immediately flowed to the left in the space of the blue particles (cold air).

The blue particles (cold air) flowed to the right very quickly to fill the space of the red molecules (warm air).

1

If the blue and red molecules represent cold and warm air masses, why do you think the molecules flowed in the direction that they did?

The blue molecules are a dense air mass so it moves into the space of a less dense air mass (red molecules.)

The blue molecules (cold air) moved because they want to mix with the red molecules (warm air).

The blue molecules (cold air) moved to the left because they were moving faster.

1

The grey dots represent air molecules. Click the side you think has higher air pressure.

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Click the side you think has lower air pressure.

1

If you were to remove the wall between the air masses, which direction would the molecules flow?

The molecules would not move.

The molecules would flow to the right.

The molecules would flow to the left.

Let's apply what we observed in the simulations to how air masses of different temperatures move to create wind. Watch the video, and then answer the rest of the questions.

1

Now, let's relate the simulation to how air masses move in the troposphere. Click the area where air pressure is low.

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Now, let's relate the simulation to how air masses move in the troposphere. Click the area where air pressure is high.

4

Pull it all together...

How do you know which part of the diagram is a low-pressure area and which part of the diagram is high-pressure? (HINT: Think about how the temperature in the first simulation affected density.)

The low-pressure side is densely packed. The high-pressure side is densely packed.

4

The arrows in the middle of the diagram represent wind. Explain how differences in air pressure create wind. Use complete sentences when answering this question.
Include the following in your answer:
temperature
density
low-pressure
high-pressure

Air Pressure Simulation (SJ)

READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE ANSWERING ANY QUESTIONS!

CLICK THIS NEW LINK TO GO TO THE SECOND SIMULATION:

Select the "Diffusion" section of the simulation

Change the number of blue molecules to 50

Press the "Reset Divider" button and add 20 red particles.

Let's apply what we observed in the simulations to how air masses of different temperatures move to create wind. Watch the video, and then answer the rest of the questions.

Air Pressure Simulation (SJ)

READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE ANSWERING ANY QUESTIONS!

BEFORE YOU START, MAKE THESE CHANGES TO YOUR SIMULATOR!

What is the temperature of the air at this pressure?

Press the "Heat" button on the left side of the screen and let it run until you have reached the maximum heat. What is the maximum temperature of the air?

What happened to the volume of the gas as the temperature went up? (HINT: Look at the volume gauge...what is the new volume?)

What happened to the density of the molecules when you increased the temperature? (HINT: The number of molecules did not change, but what did change?)

What is the new air pressure?

Press the "cool" button that is on the left side of the screen. What is the new temperature of the air?

What is the new volume of the container?

What happened to the volume of the gas when you cooled it down?

Did the density of the molecules increase or decrease when the temperature dropped? (HINT: The number of molecules did not change, but what did change?)

Describe how changing the temperature of the air affected it's density.

CLICK THIS NEW LINK TO GO TO THE SECOND SIMULATION:

Select the "Diffusion" section of the simulation

Change the number of blue molecules to 50

Make a prediction: what do you think will happen when you click "remove divider" in the simulation?

AFTER WRITING YOUR PREDICTION press the "Remove Divider" button. What happened when you removed the divider? Why do you think that happened?

Press the "Reset Divider" button and add 20 red particles.

Make a new prediction: What do you think will happen once the divider is removed?

AFTER MAKING YOUR PREDICTION: Press "Remove Divider" and select what happened.

Which direction did most of the molecules flow to?

If the blue and red molecules represent cold and warm air masses, why do you think the molecules flowed in the direction that they did?

The grey dots represent air molecules. Click the side you think has higher air pressure.

Click the side you think has lower air pressure.

If you were to remove the wall between the air masses, which direction would the molecules flow?

Let's apply what we observed in the simulations to how air masses of different temperatures move to create wind. Watch the video, and then answer the rest of the questions.

Now, let's relate the simulation to how air masses move in the troposphere. Click the area where air pressure is low.

Now, let's relate the simulation to how air masses move in the troposphere. Click the area where air pressure is high.

The arrows in the middle of the diagram represent wind. Explain how differences in air pressure create wind. Use complete sentences when answering this question. Include the following in your answer:temperaturedensitylow-pressurehigh-pressure

BEFORE YOU START, MAKE THESE CHANGES TO YOUR SIMULATOR!

What is the temperature of the air at this pressure?

Press the "Heat" button on the left side of the screen and let it run until you have reached the maximum heat. What is the maximum temperature of the air?

What happened to the volume of the gas as the temperature went up? (HINT: Look at the volume gauge...what is the new volume?)

What happened to the density of the molecules when you increased the temperature? (HINT: The number of molecules did not change, but what did change?)

What is the new air pressure?

Press the "cool" button that is on the left side of the screen. What is the new temperature of the air?

What is the new volume of the container?

What happened to the volume of the gas when you cooled it down?

Did the density of the molecules increase or decrease when the temperature dropped? (HINT: The number of molecules did not change, but what did change?)

Describe how changing the temperature of the air affected it's density.

Make a prediction: what do you think will happen when you click "remove divider" in the simulation?

AFTER WRITING YOUR PREDICTION press the "Remove Divider" button. What happened when you removed the divider? Why do you think that happened?

Make a new prediction: What do you think will happen once the divider is removed?

AFTER MAKING YOUR PREDICTION: Press "Remove Divider" and select what happened.

Which direction did most of the molecules flow to?

If the blue and red molecules represent cold and warm air masses, why do you think the molecules flowed in the direction that they did?

The grey dots represent air molecules. Click the side you think has higher air pressure.

Click the side you think has lower air pressure.

If you were to remove the wall between the air masses, which direction would the molecules flow?

Now, let's relate the simulation to how air masses move in the troposphere. Click the area where air pressure is low.

Now, let's relate the simulation to how air masses move in the troposphere. Click the area where air pressure is high.

The arrows in the middle of the diagram represent wind. Explain how differences in air pressure create wind. Use complete sentences when answering this question. Include the following in your answer:temperaturedensitylow-pressurehigh-pressure

The arrows in the middle of the diagram represent wind. Explain how differences in air pressure create wind. Use complete sentences when answering this question.
Include the following in your answer:
temperature
density
low-pressure
high-pressure

The arrows in the middle of the diagram represent wind. Explain how differences in air pressure create wind. Use complete sentences when answering this question.
Include the following in your answer:
temperature
density
low-pressure
high-pressure