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APP Exam Unit 2 Review

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Last updated almost 3 years ago
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Question 1
1.

The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon is encased by a(n)

Question 2
2.

Compared with identical twins, fraternal twins are

Question 3
3.

Resting potential is to action potential as ________ is to ________.

Question 4
4.

While relaxing in a lawn chair enjoying a cool drink, which of the following triggers the “rest-and-digest” response, as your heart rate slows and digestion begins?

Question 5
5.

The reticular formation is located in the

Question 6
6.

Circadian rhythm refers to

Question 7
7.

Stimulated digestion is to inhibited digestion as the ________ nervous system is to the ________ nervous system.

Question 8
8.

The surgical removal of a large tumor from Dane's occipital lobe resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to suffer some loss of

Question 9
9.

Dendrites are branching extensions of

Question 10
10.

Which of the following is most accurate about a typical night's sleep?

Question 11
11.

In transmitting sensory information to the brain, an electrical signal travels from the _______ of a single neuron.

Question 12
12.

Heritability refers to the extent to which

Question 13
13.

As you are reading this question, the cells in your eyes are firing in response to the light coming from this paper. Which type of neuron is carrying this message to the brain?

Question 14
14.

To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's

Question 15
15.

REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because

Question 16
16.

Motor neurons are an important part of the

Question 17
17.

If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. This best illustrates

Question 18
18.

A person with schizophrenia may have an overactive dopamine system. Drugs used to treat this disorder prevent the action of dopamine by keeping it from binding to its receptors. These drugs are

Question 19
19.

The depolarization of a neural membrane can create a(n)

Question 20
20.

At 3 o'clock in the morning, John has already slept for 4 hours. As long as his sleep continues, we can expect an increasing occurrence of

Question 21
21.

Neurotransmitters are released from vesicles located on knoblike terminals at the end of the

Question 22
22.

Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell?

Question 23
23.

To identify which specific brain areas are most active during a particular mental task, researchers would be most likely to make use of a(n)

Question 24
24.

Which of the following sleep disorders would have the most negative impact for a commercial bus driver?

Question 25
25.

Direct stimulation of the motor cortex would be most likely to result in

Question 26
26.

Thinking about sex (in your brain's cerebral cortex) can stimulate a region of the limbic system to secrete hormones. These hormones trigger the pituitary gland to influence hormones released by other glands in the body. Which brain region influences the endocrine system?

Question 27
27.

Surgical destruction of brain tissue is called a(n)

Question 28
28.

When Mr. Valdez thought his 1-year-old daughter had fallen down the stairs, his heartbeat accelerated, his blood pressure rose, and he began to perspire heavily. Mr. Valdez's state of arousal was activated by his ________ nervous system.

Question 29
29.

Within a single neuron the action potential

Question 30
30.

When looking at a flying bird, we are consciously aware of our cognitive processing (“It's a bird!”) but not of our subconscious processing of the bird's form, color, distance, and movement. This illustrates what psychologists call

Question 31
31.

A picture of a cat is briefly flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is briefly flashed in the right visual field of a split-brain patient. The individual will be able to use her

Question 32
32.

Sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan?

Question 33
33.

Hormones are the chemical messengers of the

Question 34
34.

The spatial junctions where impulses are chemically transmitted from one neuron to another are called

Question 35
35.

José has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of

Question 36
36.

The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the

Question 37
37.

If a blind person uses one finger to read Braille, the brain area dedicated to that finger expands as the sense of touch invades the visual cortex. This is an example of

Question 38
38.

Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the

Question 39
39.

Chromosomes are composed of

Question 40
40.

How do evolutionary psychologists explain why pregnant women from cultures across the world tend to avoid bitter, strongly flavored foods?

endocrine gland.
sympathetic nerve.
more likely to be the same sex and more likely to be similar in extraversion.
more likely to be the same sex and less likely to be similar in extraversion.
less likely to be the same sex and equally likely to be similar in extraversion.
temporal lobe; occipital lobe
adrenal gland; pituitary gland
limbic system
motor cortex
somatic nervous system
sensory cortex.
cerebellum.
a pattern of brain waves that occur during sleep.
the experience of sleep apnea following an extensive transoceanic flight.
the cycle of five distinct stages that we experience during a normal night's sleep.
parasympathetic; sympathetic
sympathetic; parasympathetic
visual perception.
speaking ability.
pain sensations.
neurotransmitters.
neurons.
As sleep progresses, NREM-3 sleep diminishes while REM sleep increases.
Everyone needs 8 hours of sleep per night.
The sleep cycle repeats itself every 60 minutes.
axon to the cell body to the dendrites
axon to the dendrites to the cell body
dendrites to the cell body to the axon
adult personality is determined by infant personality.
trait differences among individuals are attributable to genetic variations.
unrelated individuals share common genes.
motor
interneuron
sensory
cerebellum.
medulla.
it leads to highly imaginative dreams that are perceived as colorless images.
our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move.
our brain and nervous system are less active and our muscles are very active.
limbic system.
reticular formation.
natural selection.
epigenetics.
nurture.
antagonists.
somatic.
sympathetic.
action potential.
lesion.
hypnagogic sensations.
REM sleep.
muscle tension.
dendrites.
myelin sheath.
medulla.
thalamus
MRI.
brain lesion.
night terrors
sleepwalking
acceleration of heartbeat.
intense pain.
amygdala
hippocampus
reticular formation
lesion.
synapse.
sensorimotor
parasympathetic
somatic
travels in one direction toward the axon terminals.
crosses the synapse to the adjacent neurons.
dual processing.
cognitive neuroscience.
brain plasticity.
left or right hand to indicate she saw a cat.
left or right hand to indicate she saw a mouse.
right hand to indicate she saw a cat.
fMRI
EEG
endocrine system.
action potential.
neural networks.
thresholds.
acetylcholine.
insulin.
glutamate.
synapse.
threshold.
hemispheric specialization.
brain plasticity.
integrated association areas.
corpus callosum.
medulla.
nuclei.
hormones.
Most cultures educate women about the dangers of certain foods on a developing fetus.
Women and men have genetic differences in taste preferences.
Historical preferences toward or against certain tastes tend to change as cultures change.