A cross-sectional study is one in which
Three-month-old Gabriel was obviously startled by the first ring of the telephone, but with each subsequent ring he seemed to become less reactive. This best illustrates the process of
Gender role refers to
Three-year-old Ziva calls all four-legged animals “kitties.” Her tendency to fit all four-legged animals into her existing conception of a kitten illustrates the process of
Horace, the youngest child of a high school athletic director, was able to roll over at 3 months, crawl at 6 months, and walk at 12 months. This ordered sequence of motor development was largely due to
Studies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that mother-infant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants with
Mary believes that cognitive development is a matter of gradual and almost imperceptible changes over time. Her viewpoint is most directly relevant to the issue of
Christina is usually timid and fearful, whereas her sister Kathleen is typically relaxed and cheerful. The two sisters are most strikingly different in
Nutrients and oxygen are transferred from a mother to a fetus through the
Newborns have been observed to show the greatest visual interest in a
Incorporating new information into existing theories is to ________ as modifying existing theories in light of new information is to ________.
If children cannot grasp the principle of conservation, they are unable to
A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information is called a(n)
When Leroy’s mother hides his favorite toy under a blanket, he acts as though it no longer exists and makes no attempt to retrieve it. Leroy is clearly near the beginning of Piaget's ________ stage.
Authoritative parents are likely to have children who
People whose sense of gender identity or gender expression differs from that typical of their birth sex are called
A baby girl receives a(n)
Lacking any exposure to language before adolescence, a person will never master any language due to the ________ of unemployed neural connections.
A critical period is a phase during which
On which of the following tasks is a 20-year-old most likely to outperform a 70-year-old?
Carol is distressed because post-childbirth complications prevented her from being in close physical contact with her child during his first few hours of life. Carol should be told that
Four-year-old Abby mistakenly believes that her mother would like to receive a toy doll as a Christmas present. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of
Infants develop a fear of strangers at about 8 months of age because they can't assimilate unfamiliar faces into their
Harmful chemicals or viruses that can be transferred from a mother to her developing fetus are called
When surrounded by men, a woman may become mindful of her gender because ________ often forms around one's distinctiveness.
During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n)
One of the most consistently damaging teratogens is
As boys with explosive tempers grow older, they are especially likely to have difficulty maintaining good jobs and happy marriages. This fact is most relevant to the issue of
Five-year olds who were surprised to discover that a Band-Aids box contained pencils were able to anticipate their friend's false belief about the contents of the box. This best illustrates that the children had developed a
At 12 months of age Derek shows no more desire to be held by his own parents than by complete strangers. His behavior best illustrates
Who is likely to be the most popular student in the fifth-grade class?
a. Helmut, who is the tallest boy in the class
b. Jeff, who is the statistician for the basketball team
c. Rufus, who is just exiting the critical period
d. Sally, who is the most sexually mature girl in the class
e. Hara, who is below average in height and physical maturity
Avoiding physical punishment is to ________ morality as respecting the laws of society is to ________ morality.
“If you're really concerned about the rights and dignity of women,” Charles asked his older brother, “how can you justify buying pornographic magazines?” Charles’ question indicates that he is in the ________ stage of development.
Gilbert notices that his sausage is sliced into six pieces, whereas his brother's is sliced into nine pieces. He understands, however, that his brother's sausage is not actually any larger than his own. This indicates that Gilbert has by now reached the ________ stage of development.
Parents who make few demands on their children and use little punishment are
Primary sex characteristics are to ________ as secondary sex characteristics are to ________.
Which of the following is an example of imprinting?
Hiram, a 25-year-old law student, is heterosexual; his brother Herbert, a 21-year-old college senior, is homosexual. The brothers obviously differ in their
Teo's ability to reason hypothetically in his geometry class indicates that he is in the ________ stage of development.
Arya is a sensitive, responsive parent who consistently satisfies the needs of Zoe, her infant daughter.
According to Erikson, Zoe is likely to