To encourage Mrs. Coleman, a withdrawn schizophrenia patient, to be more socially active, institutional staff members give her small plastic cards whenever she talks to someone. She is allowed to exchange these cards for candy and cigarettes. Staff members are making use of
Two years after being brutally beaten and raped, MaryAnn still experiences jumpy anxiety, has trouble sleeping, and has vivid flashbacks of her assault. MaryAnn is most clearly showing signs of
The construction of an anxiety hierarchy and training in relaxation are important aspects of
Harker is preoccupied with thoughts of jumping out the window of his tenth-floor apartment. To reduce his anxiety, he frequently counts his heartbeats aloud. Harker would most likely be diagnosed as experiencing a(n)
Mania is most likely to be characterized by feelings of
Leslie suffers from chronic depression. According to the social-cognitive perspective, how is she most likely to respond when told that she performed very poorly on a test she took the previous day?
Researchers have suggested that the role-playing of fantasy-prone patients in response to the leading questions of therapists has often contributed to
Mr. McGee, a long-term government employee, falsely believed that his supervisor was a communist agent who was putting poison in the employees' coffee. When Mr. McGee was referred to a psychiatrist, he claimed to be the grandson of Abraham Lincoln. Mr. McGee is most likely suffering from
Those who engage in spurts of excessive overeating, followed by remorse—but do not binge, purge, fast, or exercise excessively—are said to have
Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for
Cognitive therapy works, top-down, by changing thought processes. Antidepressant drugs work, bottom-up, on the emotion-forming
Seeing one-eyed monsters would be a(n) ________. Believing that you are Christopher Columbus would be a ________.
Just as Austin began telling his therapist about a painful childhood experience, he complained of a headache and abruptly ended the session. A psychoanalyst would most likely suggest that Austin's behavior is an example of
In an effort to reduce his daughter's fear of the dark, Mr. Chew would hug and gently rock her immediately after turning off the lights at bedtime. Mr. Chew's strategy best illustrates the technique of
Rishi, a college student, complains that he feels apprehensive and fearful most of the time but doesn't know why. Without warning, his heart begins to pound, his hands get icy, and he breaks out in a cold sweat. Rishi most likely suffers from a(n)
One of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia includes
In a therapeutic setting, a client who wants to lose weight eats some favorite foods laced with a nausea-producing drug. Yet, outside the therapist's office, the client knows he or she can eat those foods without fear of nausea. This awareness contributes to the limited effectiveness of
During a marriage counseling session, the therapist suggests to Mr. and Mrs. Gallo that they each restate their spouse's comments before making their own. The therapist was applying a technique most closely associated with
While he was studying, Matthew was suddenly overwhelmed by feelings of intense apprehension. For several minutes he felt so agitated that he could not catch his breath. Matthew was most likely suffering from a(n)
A therapist who takes an eclectic approach is one who
Alejandro is extremely shy and is so easily embarrassed when he is with other people that he often misses his college classes just to avoid social interactions. Alejandro appears to suffer from a(n)
Illness anxiety disorder is characterized by
Transference refers to a client's
The prominent feature of mood disorders is the experience of
Kammy vividly imagines being abused by her own mother while her therapist triggers eye movements by waving a finger in front of Kammy's eyes. The therapist is apparently using a technique known as
Repeatedly thinking about your own death is to ________ as repeatedly washing your hands is to ________.
Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system?
Personality disorders are best described as
Ongoing patterns of behavior that interfere with normal day-to-day life are best characterized as
Several years after his wife's death, Mr. Waldorf remains incapacitated by feelings of guilt and sadness. To reduce Mr. Waldorf's depression, a therapist is actively encouraging him to stop blaming himself for not being able to prevent his wife's death. The therapist's approach is most representative of
Anthony is 32 years old, well above average in intelligence, and quite charming. He has swindled several older people out of their life savings, and he seems to have little feeling for his victims, nor does he fear the consequences of getting caught. His behavior is evidence of
Deep-brain stimulation involves the implantation of ________ into the cortex.
Sadie is so fearful of being overwhelmed by anxiety that she rarely steps outside her apartment. The thought of going shopping and getting lost in a crowd terrifies her, so she has her groceries delivered. Because of her fear, she earns her living as a freelance writer, working at home. Sadie's behavior is most characteristic of
Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by
An antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by
Which of the following treatments is most likely to be used only with severely depressed patients?
When Indio told his therapist, “I came to see what you could do for me,” the therapist responded, “It sounds like you're feeling you need some help. Am I right?” The therapist's response illustrates the technique of
A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by
Teaching people to stop blaming themselves for failures and negative circumstances beyond their control is of most direct concern to ________ therapists.
To treat nail biting, one can paint a patient's fingernails with a bitter-tasting nail polish. This procedure best illustrates