Students who were told that a young woman had been instructed to act in a very unfriendly way for the purposes of the experiment concluded that her behavior
Question 2
2.
Nora, Ko, Ian, and May each think that Ms. Akey may be a slightly better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. After discussing why each of them believes this to be so, they all conclude that Ms. Akey is definitely a much better teacher than Mr. Schwenke. This episode provides an example of
Question 3
3.
To analyze how people explain others' behavior, Fritz Heider developed
Question 4
4.
Opinion change resulting from incidental cues such as a speaker's attractiveness illustrates
Question 5
5.
A tendency to overestimate the extent to which a stranger's violent behavior stems from his or her aggressive personality best illustrates
Question 6
6.
University students were observed to pull harder on a rope when they thought they were pulling alone than when they thought three others were pulling with them on the same rope. This best illustrates
Question 7
7.
The Y chromosome is the most well-known genetic marker identifying those who are most likely to
Question 8
8.
College students judged an averaged, composite face as
Question 9
9.
Facing the threat of death at the hands of terrorists is likely to heighten
Question 10
10.
Rhonda has just learned that her neighbor Patricia was involved in an automobile accident at a nearby intersection. The tendency to make the fundamental attribution error may lead Rhonda to conclude
Question 11
11.
Government officials who emphasize that African-Americans are personally responsible for the economically disadvantaged position of their ethnic group are most likely to promote
Question 12
12.
Conformity resulting from the acceptance of others' opinions about reality is said to be a response to
Question 13
13.
Blindfolded subjects were observed to clap louder when they thought they were clapping alone than when they thought they were clapping with others. This best illustrates
Question 14
14.
In Milgram's obedience experiments, “teachers” were LEAST likely to deliver the highest levels of shock when
Question 15
15.
People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by
Question 16
16.
When the task of correctly identifying an individual in a slide of a four-person lineup was both difficult and important, participants in an experiment were especially likely to conform to others' wrong answers. This best illustrates the impact of
Question 17
17.
The best explanation for the inaction of bystanders during the Kitty Genovese murder is that they failed to
Question 18
18.
A person's behavior is most likely to be consistent with his or her attitudes when
Question 19
19.
Katya donated money to a religious charity in order to boost her own feelings of self-esteem. Jennifer failed to contribute to the same charity because she was fearful of running out of money. Differences in their altruistic behavior are best explained in terms of
Question 20
20.
Yuri decided to delay his road trip after hearing a weather forecaster warn that a severe snowstorm would pass through the area within several hours. Yuri's decision best illustrates the impact of
Question 21
21.
Parents who discipline their children with beatings are often teaching aggression through the process of
Question 22
22.
People heavily exposed to violent pornography are likely to engage in sexually aggressive behaviors that reflect a misleading
Question 23
23.
Verbal behavior intended to hurt another person is an example of
Question 24
24.
To help people avoid social traps, psychologists should promote an increased awareness of
Question 25
25.
Minimal levels of father care are associated with high levels of
Question 26
26.
Attribution theory was designed to account for
Question 27
27.
If two countries are rivals for the exclusive control of the same area of land, their predicament best illustrates
Question 28
28.
In most desegregated schools, ethnic groups resegregate themselves in the lunchrooms. People in each group often think they would welcome more contact with the other group, but they assume that the other group does not reciprocate the wish. This pattern of thinking best illustrates
Question 29
29.
Two friends quarreled over possession of a single orange without realizing that one of them simply wanted orange juice and the other simply wanted the orange peel to make a cake. This classic episode best illustrates that people sometimes fail to recognize
Question 30
30.
In an experiment by Donald Dutton and Arthur Aron, one group of men were asked by an attractive woman to complete a short questionnaire immediately after they had crossed a swaying footbridge suspended 230 feet above the Capilano River. This experiment was designed to study the factors that contribute to
Question 31
31.
To “brainwash” captured American soldiers during the Korean War, Chinese communists made effective use of
Question 32
32.
Placing people into groups based on the arbitrary outcome of a coin toss leads people to show favoritism to their own group when dividing any rewards. This best illustrates
Question 33
33.
Research on physical attractiveness indicates that
Question 34
34.
Despite government warnings of a severe shortage of heating fuels, most citizens continue to turn up their home thermostats in the belief that their personal fuel consumption will have little effect on the country's total fuel reserves. This reaction best illustrates the dynamics of
Question 35
35.
Explicit attitudes are typically ________, whereas implicit attitudes are often ________.
Question 36
36.
Deindividuation refers to
Question 37
37.
The Milgram obedience experiments were controversial because the
Question 38
38.
Toby publicly agrees with his friends that Ahmed, a senior, would make the best Student Senate President. On the secret ballot, however, he actually votes for Yoram. Toby's public conformity to his friends' opinion best illustrates the power of
Question 39
39.
A readiness to assume that enslaved people deserve the terrible treatment they receive best illustrates
Question 40
40.
Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding
was the product of deindividuation.
reflected her personal disposition.
was situationally determined.
obedience.
group polarization.
modeling.
impression management theory.
attribution theory.
informational social influence.
central route persuasion.
cognitive dissonance.
deindividuation.
the mere exposure effect.
social facilitation.
deindividuation.
group polarization.
discriminate against others.
experience cognitive dissonance.
less attractive than most individual faces because the averaged face was less realistic.
more attractive than most individual faces because the averaged face was less symmetrical.
less attractive than most individual faces because the averaged face was less symmetrical.
patriotism.
social loafing.
“They need to improve the visibility at that corner.”
“Patricia's children probably distracted her.”
“Patricia's recklessness has finally gotten her into trouble.”
deindividuation.
the social responsibility norm.
conciliation.
social facilitation.
informational social influence.
group polarization.
social loafing.
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
the experiment was conducted at a prestigious institution such as Yale University.
the “teachers” observed other participants refuse to obey the experimenter's orders.
the “learner” was placed in a different room from the “teacher.”
the other-race effect.
identical twins.
informational social influence.
ingroup bias.
the mere exposure effect.
notice that the incident was taking place.
experience any empathy for a stranger.
act on their empathetic feelings.
the attitudes are implicit rather than explicit.
the person has not publicly communicated those attitudes.
external influences on behavior are minimal.
the reciprocity norm.
the two-factor theory of emotion.
social exchange theory.
the mere exposure effect.
the reciprocity norm.
informational social influence.
social facilitation.
modeling.
social-responsibility norm.
two-factor theory.
the mere exposure effect.
aggression.
the mere exposure effect.
social facilitation.
social facilitation.
discrimination.
the process of revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to others.
how people explain others' behavior.
the loss of self-awareness that occurs in group situations.
a social trap.
the two-factor theory.
implicit prejudice.
mirror-image perceptions.
deindividuation.
win-win solutions.
deindividuation.
social traps.
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
the mere exposure effect.
social facilitation.
the fundamental attribution error.
the frustration-aggression principle.
the just-world phenomenon.
deindividuation.
the mere exposure effect.
reciprocity norm.
adults' incomes are unrelated to whether they are plain looking or very attractive.
most children perceive themselves to be physically unattractive.
babies do not show preferences for any particular facial characteristics.
the just-world phenomenon.
the bystander effect.
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
ingroup biased; outgroup biased
negative; positive
the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through group discussion.
the failure to give aid in an emergency situation observed by many onlookers.
lack of critical thinking due to a strong desire for social harmony within a group.
“teachers” were deceived and frequently subjected to stress.
participants were never debriefed about the true nature of the study.
“teachers” actually seemed to enjoy shocking the “learners.”