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APP Exam Unit 5B and 5C Review

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Question 1
1.

A prototype is a

Question 2
2.

Noorhan systematically tried each successive key on her dad's key ring until she found the one that unlocked his office door. This best illustrates problem solving by means of

Question 3
3.

The use of heuristics rather than algorithms is most likely to

Question 4
4.

Which of the following best illustrates confirmation bias?

Question 5
5.

A televised image of a starving child had a greater impact on Mr. Green's perception of the extensiveness of world hunger than did a statistical chart summarizing the tremendous scope of the problem.
This suggests that his assessment of the world hunger problem is influenced by

Question 6
6.

When Athena entered high school she was certain that she would never eat any of the junk food sold in the vending machines. By the end of tenth grade, however, Athena was munching on at least one bag of chips a day. Athena’s experience best illustrates

Question 7
7.

The smallest distinctive sound unit of language is a

Question 8
8.

In the words “helped” and “called,” the “ed” ending is a(n)

Question 9
9.

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

Question 10
10.

Noam Chomsky has emphasized that the acquisition of language by children is facilitated by

Question 11
11.

Telegraphic speech is

Question 12
12.

Perceived differences between various shades of color are greater if people assign a different name to each hue. This best illustrates the influence of

Question 13
13.

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations is known as

Question 14
14.

Factor analysis is a statistical procedure that can be used to

Question 15
15.

Spearman's g factor refers to

Question 16
16.

Psychological tests show that 18-year-old Ishmael has an intelligence score of 65. Nevertheless, Ishmael can, with a few seconds of mental calculation, accurately tell the day of the week on which Christmas falls for any year in this century. It would be fair to conclude that

Question 17
17.

Howard Gardner is most likely to agree that the concept of intelligence includes

Question 18
18.

Those who define intelligence as academic aptitude are most likely to criticize

Question 19
19.

Of the following, who best illustrates Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence?

Question 20
20.

When Mrs. McGuire asks her students to answer questions in class, she can quickly tell from their facial expressions whether they are happy to participate. Mrs. McGuire's perceptual skill best illustrates

Question 21
21.

The ability to deal effectively with social conflict is not likely to be reflected in one's performance on the WAIS. This best illustrates that intelligence is

Question 22
22.

The Stanford-Binet, WAIS, and WISC tests are all types of

Question 23
23.

The final exam in a calculus course would be an example of a(n) ________ test.

Question 24
24.

A test of your capacity to learn to be an automobile mechanic would be considered a(n) ________ test.

Question 25
25.

The French government commissioned Binet to develop an intelligence test that would

Question 26
26.

Binet used the term mental age to refer to

Question 27
27.

Five-year-old Wilbur performs on an intelligence test at a level characteristic of an average 4-year-old. Wilbur's mental age is

Question 28
28.

The original IQ formula would be LEAST appropriate for representing the intelligence test performance of

Question 29
29.

The WAIS consists of separate ________ subtests.

Question 30
30.

When Brandon was told that he correctly answered 80 percent of the items on a math achievement test, he asked how his performance compared with that of the average test-taker. Brandon's concern was directly related to the issue of

Question 31
31.

About ________ percent of WAIS scores fall between 85 and 115.

Question 32
32.

It would be reasonable to suggest that the Flynn effect is due in part to

Question 33
33.

Melinda completed the Computer Programming Aptitude Test when she applied for a position with Beta Electronics. Six months later, she took the same test when she applied for a position with another company. The fact that her scores were almost identical on the two occasions suggests that the test has a high degree of

Question 34
34.

If a road test for a driver's license adequately samples the tasks a driver routinely faces, the test is said to

Question 35
35.

A college administrator is trying to assess whether an admissions test accurately predicts how well applicants will perform at his school. The administrator is most obviously concerned that the test is

Question 36
36.

In order to qualify for the office manager's job, 55-year-old Mariel must take a series of psychological tests. Her performance on the test of ________ is likely to be poorer than if she had taken it as a 25-year-old.

Question 37
37.

Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's

Question 38
38.

Research suggests that during early and middle adulthood

Question 39
39.

A condition involving intellectual disability caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup is known as

Question 40
40.

The similarity between the intelligence test scores of identical twins raised apart is

simple thinking strategy for solving problems efficiently.
new, novel item fitting an existing mental category.
the representativeness heuristic.
the availability heuristic.
fixation.
minimize the overconfidence phenomenon.
involve greater reliance on language skills.
Brett believes he is an outstanding driver, although most people are average.
A radio advertisement for a fast-food chain claims its hamburgers are made with 80 percent lean ground beef instead of saying 20 percent fat.
Asked to write an opinion paper on capital punishment, MacKenzie primarily searches for evidence that supports her opposition to the practice.
confirmation bias.
fixations.
the availability heuristic.
overconfidence.
the framing effect.
the belief perseverance phenomenon.
phoneme.
babble.
algorithm.
syntax.
make speech sounds only if their hearing is unimpaired.
make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language.
use words that reflect the syntax of their parents' native language.
the learned association of word sounds with various objects, events, actions, and qualities.
the positive reinforcement that adults give children for speaking correctly.
operant and classical conditioning techniques.
a system of language rules for combining morphemes.
a grammatically correct two-word utterance.
critical periods on language acquisition.
language on thinking.
syntax on prototype formation.
validation.
aptitude.
extract test norms from a standardization sample.
identify clusters of closely related test items.
provide a quantitative estimate of heritability.
a general intelligence that underlies successful performance on a wide variety of tasks.
a highly developed skill or talent possessed by an otherwise retarded person.
Isaiah is a person with savant syndrome.
Isaiah excels in inductive reasoning.
the intelligence test Isaiah was given has no reliability.
experiencing positive self-esteem.
effectively completing factor analysis.
Binet's concept of mental age.
Gardner's concept of multiple intelligences.
Sternberg's concept of analytical intelligence.
Betty, a schoolteacher who refuses to pay taxes because they are used to develop new weapons
Salma, a fifth-grader who solves complicated mathematical problems in record time
Nikki, a teenager who completes the road test for her driver's license without a single error
emotional intelligence.
factor analysis.
validity.
a collection of distinctly different abilities.
a joint function of nature and nurture.
affected by stereotype threat.
multiple intelligence tests.
general intelligence tests.
general intelligence
diagnostic
aptitude
intelligence
provide an objective measure of teaching effectiveness in the public school system.
reduce the need to rely on teachers' subjectively biased judgments of students' learning potential.
use achievement test scores to accurately predict aptitude.
the total number of items correctly answered on an intelligence test divided by the respondent's chronological age.
the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of intelligence test performance.
the approximate maturational age of brain neurons as measured by processing speed.
80
125
middle school students.
college students.
verbal and performance
emotions and reasoning
reliability.
content validity.
factor analysis.
68
100
the decreasing reliance on a single test score as an index of mental aptitudes.
the failure to re-standardize existing intelligence tests.
the lack of early childhood education in urban areas.
predictive validity.
standardization.
stability.
have content validity.
have predictive validity.
factor-analyzed.
normally distributed.
reliable.
abstract reasoning
vocabulary
verbal comprehension
ability to utilize diffuse brain regions for storing memories.
ability to recall facts and concepts.
crystallized intelligence increases and fluid intelligence increases.
crystallized intelligence decreases and fluid intelligence decreases.
crystallized intelligence decreases and fluid intelligence stabilizes.
savant syndrome.
autism.
equal to that between fraternal twins reared together.
greater than that between ordinary siblings reared together.
equal to that between adopted siblings reared together.