2023 (Jan.): NY Regents - Earth Science

The apparent change in direction of swing of a Foucault pendulum, at one specific location, provides evidence that Earth

The presence of cosmic background radiation is evidence that helps support the

In New York State, the highest altitude of Polaris will be observed at

Earth’s rate of revolution is approximately

As water vapor changes phase from gas to liquid, each gram of water vapor

At the time of an equinox, the subtropical jet streams in Earth’s troposphere generally are located closest to

When the dry-bulb temperature is 16°C and the dewpoint is 7°C, what are the wet-bulb temperature and the relative humidity?

Which ocean current warms the climate along a continent’s east coast?

Which process transfers heat energy through molecular collisions?

Two major greenhouse gases that can be found in Earth’s atmosphere are

Which event causes a temporary slowing or reversal of the surface ocean currents in the equatorial region of the Pacific Ocean, which may disrupt normal weather patterns in North America?

The map below shows the time zones of the continental United States. The dashed lines represent meridians of longitude. The locations of Cleveland, Ohio, and Portland, Oregon, are shown.

What time is it in Portland, Oregon, when it is 9 p.m. in Cleveland, Ohio?

The diagrams below represent the constellations that are visible above the southern horizon at midnight from the same New York State location on two different dates of the year.

Why are different constellations seen on these two dates at midnight?

Letters A, B, C, and D in the diagram below represent processes in the water cycle.

Which letter represents the process of transpiration?

The cross section below represents a lake-effect snowstorm that resulted from air moving across Lake Ontario and over Oswego, New York.

These lake-effect snowstorms commonly occur in the region around Oswego during winter because Lake Ontario

Assuming that no overturning of rock layers has occurred, which geologic outcrop containing New York State index fossils represents the correct sequence of time within the same group of organisms?

Equal areas of which type of surface absorb the most insolation?

Which material requires the least amount of heat energy to raise its temperature one Celsius degree?

One characteristic of a good index fossil is that the organisms that produced these fossils

During which geologic epoch was nearly all of Earth’s landmass inferred to have been located in the Southern Hemisphere?

The Alleghenian orogeny occurred as a result of the

Which concept states that most sediments are deposited in layers that are flat and parallel to Earth’s surface?

Which layer of Earth’s interior is inferred to be composed mostly of iron and nickel, and has an interior temperature that is greater than its melting point?

A seismic station that is 4000 kilometers from the epicenter of an earthquake records the arrival time of the first P-wave at 10:00:00 (hours: minutes: seconds). At what time did the first S-wave arrive at this station?

What is the approximate latitude and longitude of the Bouvet Hot Spot?

As the distance from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge increases, the age of the ocean floor surface bedrock

The graph below shows the decay of a 50-gram sample of a radioactive isotope over 30 days.

The half-life of this radioactive isotope is approximately

Based on fossil evidence, which pie graph best shows the percentage of time that humans have existed on Earth since the time of Earth’s origin?

The photograph below shows a cone-shaped volcano.

Which stream drainage pattern most likely will be found on this volcano?

The topographic map below shows the surface features of a coastal location. Line XY is a reference line on the map.

Which profile best shows the landscape elevations along line XY?

The block diagram below represents a meandering river. Points A, B, C, and D represent locations near the edge of the river.

The greatest amount of erosion is most likely occurring at locations

The map below shows the locations of numerous drumlins south of Lake Ontario.

Which agent of erosion formed these drumlins?

The landscape diagram below represents a fanshaped feature that is composed of sediments that were transported and deposited by a stream entering a lake.

This fan-shaped feature is best identified as a

The tendency of a mineral to split along flat surfaces indicates the mineral property called

The data table below shows a student’s observations of a mineral sample.

Based on the student’s observations, the mineral can best be identified as

Which diagram best represents the new gibbous phase of the Moon as seen by an observer in New York State?

How many days (d) are required for the Moon to complete a cycle of phases from one full Moon phase to the next full Moon phase?

At which two Moon phases will the difference in height between high tide and low tide most likely be the greatest?

Eclipses do not occur each time that the Moon revolves around Earth because the Moon’s

The same side of the Moon always faces Earth because the period of revolution of the Moon is

The outwash sediment that formed Scoby Hill is best described as

The maximum diameter of the particles in the fill was

The drain pipes that were installed lowered the water table by

In which New York State landscape region is Scoby Hill located?

The number 2\frac{1}{2} on the station model indicates that

Which present-weather symbol represents the form of precipitation that is most likely occurring at this location?

What are the wind direction and the wind speed at this location?

Rock unit A was formed most likely by

Which two minerals would most likely be found in the igneous rock if the rock is highly mafic?

Which metamorphic rock most likely formed at the interface between rock unit B and the igneous rock?

Describe one negative environmental effect that resulted from the mining of salt in Syracuse.

Explain why this diagram represents a heliocentric model of the solar system.

State the name of the mid-ocean ridge found at location C.

Identify the type of tectonic plate boundary represented at location D.

The various sand samples separated by the screens were tested to determine capillarity. On the graph in the Show Your Work space, draw a line to show the general relationship between the size of sand and capillarity.

On the cross section in the Show Your Work space, place an X on the Great Unconformity at the point where the greatest difference in age between the bedrock above and below the unconformity exists.

Describe one piece of evidence shown in the cross section that supports the inference that rock unit A is younger than unconformity BC.

Identify one process that produced the Vishnu schist from a previously existing rock.

The air mass over location X originated in the Gulf of Mexico. Write the two-letter air mass symbol that represents this air mass.

This low-pressure center is following a normal storm track. Identify the compass direction toward which this low-pressure center will move in the next 24 hours.

Describe the pattern of surface wind circulation around the high-pressure system.

The topographic map below shows contour lines on the island of Maui. Points X and Y represent two locations on the island. Mt. Haleakala is a volcano on this island. The arrow represents the direction of the prevailing winds.

State one reason why location X receives more yearly rainfall than location Y.

Identify the primary force that causes Earth’s orbital velocity to change from position B to position D.